东营凹陷滑塌浊积岩沉积特征及油气藏勘探技术
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摘要
东营凹陷滑塌浊积岩是前缘席状砂或河口坝砂体在重力、地震等作用下,外部剪切力克服其内部的粘结力而发生崩塌、滑移后再沉积的产物,具有分异性好、结构和成份成熟度较低特征的粉、细砂岩。据浊积体的平面发育特征,可分为非沟道化的浊积岩和沟道化的浊积岩两种类型。基于滑塌浊积岩的成因,滑塌浊积岩发育地区不能采用常规的旋回对比法及高分辨率层序地层等对比技术,应采用井震结合确定大的地层界限及标志层逐级控制的对比方法。滑塌浊积岩储层以微孔隙组合为主,单层平均孔隙度一般小于23％,平均渗透率小于50×10-3μm2,属中低孔低渗储层。浊积岩储层评价, 重点考虑砂体平面分布的连续性、连通性、砂体的厚度及含油性。滑塌浊积岩形成于深湖区,近油源,油源充足,油气垂向或侧向或沿断层短距离运移成藏,多为岩性和岩性-断层遮挡油气藏。滑塌浊积岩勘探主要是应用沉积微相分析和地震反演两项技术进行储层预测。依据储层预测结果,提供了11个可供滑塌浊积岩隐蔽油气藏的勘探目标。
Fluxoturbidite is the product of redeposition of frontal sheet sand or river mouth bar sandbodies, which avalanche and slide when the external shearing force triggered by gravity and earthquake overcome the internal cohesive force. It is characterized by siltstone and fine sandstone with good sorting and relatively high tex-tural and compositional maturities. According to the areal development characteristics of turbidite, it can be basically divided into two types, namely non-channelized and channelized turbidites. The conventional sedimentary cycle correlation and high resolution sequence stratigraphic correlation technologies are not applicable in fluxoturbidite areas, due to their unique genesis. Well data and seismic data should be integrated to recognize large stratigraphic boundaries and marker beds and realize strata correlation step by step. Fluxoturbidite reservoirs are dominated by micropores and are of moderate to low porosity and low permeability reservoirs; the average porosity of single layer is generally below 23% , and the average permeability is less than 50×10-3 μm2. Evaluation of fluxoturbidite reservoirs should be focused on the areal continuity, connectivity, thickness and oil-bearing properties of sandbodies. Fluxoturbidite reservoirs have been deposited in deep lake near the rich source rocks. Hydrocarbons would migrate vertically, laterally or along faults in short distance and accumulate in lithologic and lithologic-fault screened traps. Sedimentary microfacies analysis and seismic inversion are commonly used for reservoir prediction during exploration of fluxoturbidite reservoirs. Based on the results of reservoir prediction , 11 targets are presented for exploration of fluxoturbidite subtle reservoirs.
Fluxoturbidite is the product of redeposition of frontal sheet sand or river mouth bar sandbodies, which avalanche and slide when the external shearing force triggered by gravity and earthquake overcome the internal cohesive force. It is characterized by siltstone and fine sandstone with good sorting and relatively high tex-tural and compositional maturities. According to the areal development characteristics of turbidite, it can be basically divided into two types, namely non-channelized and channelized turbidites. The conventional sedimentary cycle correlation and high resolution sequence stratigraphic correlation technologies are not applicable in fluxoturbidite areas, due to their unique genesis. Well data and seismic data should be integrated to recognize large stratigraphic boundaries and marker beds and realize strata correlation step by step. Fluxoturbidite reservoirs are dominated by micropores and are of moderate to low porosity and low permeability reservoirs; the average porosity of single layer is generally below 23% , and the average permeability is less than 50×10-3 μm2. Evaluation of fluxoturbidite reservoirs should be focused on the areal continuity, connectivity, thickness and oil-bearing properties of sandbodies. Fluxoturbidite reservoirs have been deposited in deep lake near the rich source rocks. Hydrocarbons would migrate vertically, laterally or along faults in short distance and accumulate in lithologic and lithologic-fault screened traps. Sedimentary microfacies analysis and seismic inversion are commonly used for reservoir prediction during exploration of fluxoturbidite reservoirs. Based on the results of reservoir prediction , 11 targets are presented for exploration of fluxoturbidite subtle reservoirs.
引文
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5王居峰,郑和荣,苏法卿．东营凹陷中带沙河街组三段浊积体 储层特征类型与成因[J]．石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5): 528-532 Wang Jufeng, Zheng Herong, Su Faqing. Reservoir characteristics and genesis of turbidite fans in the 3rd member of Shahejie Formation in central Dongying depression [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2004,25(5):528-532
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9曾溅辉,张善文,邱楠生,等．东营凹陷岩性圈闭油气充满度及 其主控因素[J]．石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):219-222 Zeng Jianhui, Zhang Shanwen, Qiu Nansheng, et al. Trap fill of lithologic pools and its main controlling factors in Dongying sag [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2003,24(3):219-222
10宋维琪,仝兆歧,信荃麟,等．惠民凹陷江家店地区隐蔽油藏储 集层预测[J]．石油勘探与开发,2000,27(6):6-8 Song Weiqi, Tong Zhaoqi, Xin Quanlin, et al. Subtle trap reservoir prediction in Jiangjiadian area of Huimin sag[ J]. Petroleum Exploration and Developmwnt, 2000,27(6):6 -8
11金武弟,王英民,刘书会,等．东营凹陷下第三系低位域沉积及 非构造圈闭[J]．石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):249-252 Jin Wudi, Wang Yingmin, Liu Shuhui, et al. Paleogene lowstand system tract deposits and nonstructural traps in Dongying sag[J]. Oil & Gas Geology ,2003 ,24(3):249 - 252
2杨玉峰．松辽盆地岩性油藏形成条件与分布规律[J]．石油与 天然气地质,2004,25(4):393-399 Yang Yufeng. Formation conditions and distribution of lithologic pools in Songliao basin [J]. Oil & Gas Geology. 2004,25(4): 393 -399
3吴崇筠．对国外浊流沉积和扇三角洲沉积研究的评述[A]． 见:中国石油学会石油地质委员会,编译．国外浊积岩和扇三 角洲沉积[C]．北京:石油工业出版社,1986．1-19 Wu Chongjun A review of turbidite and fan delta sedimentation study abroad [A]. In: Petroleum Geological Committee of the Petroleum Society of China, ed. Turbidite and fan delta sedimentation [C]. Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1986. 1 -19
4吴崇筠,薛叔浩．中国含油气盆地沉积学[M]．北京:石油工业 出版社,1993 Wu Chongjun, Xue Shuhao. Petroliferous basin sedimentolgy in China [M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 1993.
5王居峰,郑和荣,苏法卿．东营凹陷中带沙河街组三段浊积体 储层特征类型与成因[J]．石油与天然气地质,2004,25(5): 528-532 Wang Jufeng, Zheng Herong, Su Faqing. Reservoir characteristics and genesis of turbidite fans in the 3rd member of Shahejie Formation in central Dongying depression [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2004,25(5):528-532
6谯汉生,王明明．渤海湾盆地隐蔽油气藏[J]．地学前缘,2000, 17(4):497-506 Qiao Hansheng, Wang Mingming. The subtle reservoirs in Bohai Bay basin. Earth Science Frontiers[J]. 2000,17(4):497-506
7李素梅,庞雄奇,邱桂强,等．东营凹陷陡坡带隐蔽油气藏的形 成与分布[J]．石油与天然气地质,2004,35(4):416-421 Li Sumei, Pang Xiongqi, Qiu Guiqiang, et al. Formation and distribution of subtle reservoirs in northern steep slope zone of Dongying depression[J]. Oil & Gas Geology,2004,25(4):416 -421
8张林晔,刘庆,张春荣,等．东营凹陷梁家楼油田成藏模式再研 究[J]．石油与天然气地质,2004,25(3):416-421 Zhang Linye, Liu Qing, Zhang Chunrong, et al. Restudy of pool-forming pattern of Liangjialou oilfield in Dongying sag[J]. 2004,25(3):416-421
9曾溅辉,张善文,邱楠生,等．东营凹陷岩性圈闭油气充满度及 其主控因素[J]．石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):219-222 Zeng Jianhui, Zhang Shanwen, Qiu Nansheng, et al. Trap fill of lithologic pools and its main controlling factors in Dongying sag [J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2003,24(3):219-222
10宋维琪,仝兆歧,信荃麟,等．惠民凹陷江家店地区隐蔽油藏储 集层预测[J]．石油勘探与开发,2000,27(6):6-8 Song Weiqi, Tong Zhaoqi, Xin Quanlin, et al. Subtle trap reservoir prediction in Jiangjiadian area of Huimin sag[ J]. Petroleum Exploration and Developmwnt, 2000,27(6):6 -8
11金武弟,王英民,刘书会,等．东营凹陷下第三系低位域沉积及 非构造圈闭[J]．石油与天然气地质,2003,24(3):249-252 Jin Wudi, Wang Yingmin, Liu Shuhui, et al. Paleogene lowstand system tract deposits and nonstructural traps in Dongying sag[J]. Oil & Gas Geology ,2003 ,24(3):249 - 252
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