基于加卸载响应比的载荷岩石动力学特征试验研究
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摘要
利用单轴循环加卸载扰动试验,在不同应力水平对岩石试件施加幅度较小、周期较短的循环扰动荷载,得到试件在不同应力条件下扰动时的应力-应变状态,同时利用声发射监测设备对加卸载过程中试件内部损伤演化过程进行记录.试验显示,加卸载响应比值Y的变化特性与岩体所处的应力状态及其稳定程度相关,当荷载水平较低时,加卸载响应比值Y接近于1,试件比较稳定;而当荷载水平较高,接近试件破坏的临界状态时,加卸载响应比值会急剧增加,所以可以用加卸载响应比理论定量地分析岩石试件损伤演化过程,为扰动致灾动力学机理、诱发模式及预测预报提供试验基础.
Stress and strain of rock samples were got under small-amplitude and short-period repetitive disturbing load with different stress conditions through uniaxial compression experiment.And rock-interior gradual damage evolution was monitored by acoustic emission testing system in the course of load/unload.The experiment shows that change characteristics of load/unload response ratio(LURR) is relate to stress state and stability of the rock mass.The LURR is close to 1 at low load level,and rock samples are stable.But LURR would rise rapidly at high load level,especially when the load is up to critical state of rock.So rock damage evolution can be analyzed quantitatively with LURR theory,which provided experiment foundation to study on disaster-causing dynamic mechanism,triggering model,and forecast damage evolution of engineering under disturbing load.
Stress and strain of rock samples were got under small-amplitude and short-period repetitive disturbing load with different stress conditions through uniaxial compression experiment.And rock-interior gradual damage evolution was monitored by acoustic emission testing system in the course of load/unload.The experiment shows that change characteristics of load/unload response ratio(LURR) is relate to stress state and stability of the rock mass.The LURR is close to 1 at low load level,and rock samples are stable.But LURR would rise rapidly at high load level,especially when the load is up to critical state of rock.So rock damage evolution can be analyzed quantitatively with LURR theory,which provided experiment foundation to study on disaster-causing dynamic mechanism,triggering model,and forecast damage evolution of engineering under disturbing load.
引文
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[2]郑建业,葛修润,蒋宇,等.扰动状态概念方法的参数标定及应用初探[J].上海交通大学学报,2004,38(6):972-975.Zheng Jianye,Ge Xiurun,Jiang Yu,et al.Parameter calibration and preliminary utilization of disturbed state concept(DSC)method[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University,2004,38(6):972-975.
[3]尹祥础,陈学忠,宋治平.加卸载响应比——一种新的地震预报方法[J].地球物理学报,1994,37(6):767-775.Yin Xiangchu,Chen Xuezhong,Song Zhiping.The load-unload response ratio theory:a newapproach to earthquake prediction[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,1994,37(6):767-775.
[4]Yin Xiangchu,Yin Can.The precursor of instability for nonlinear systems and its application to earthquake prediction[J].Science in China,Ser.B.,1991,5(8):512-518.
[5]王裕仓,尹祥础,彭克银,等.加卸荷响应比的数值模拟[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):669-676.Wang Yucang,Yin Xiangchu,Peng Keyin,et al.Numerical simulation on load/unload response ratio theory[J].ChineseJournal of Geophysics,1999,42(5):669-676.
[6]蔡美峰,何满潮,刘东燕.岩石力学与工程[M].北京:科学出版社,2002.Cai Meifeng,He Manchao,Liu Dongyan.Rock mechanics and engineering[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002.
[7]陈长臻.基于地应力场测量的开采设计优化与动力灾害控制研究[D].北京:北京科技大学,2007.Chen Changzhen.Study of mining fesign optimization and dynamic hazard control based on in-situ stress measurement[D].Beijing:University of Science and Technology Beijing,2007.
[8]彭克银,尹祥础,和锐.用临界点理论讨论应变能加速释放现象和孕震区尺度[J].中国地震,2003,19(4):425-430.Peng Keyin,Yin Xiangchu,He Rui.Accelerating strain release and earthquake genesis scaling exponents from critical pointhypothesis[J].Earthquake Research in China,2003,19(4):425-430.
[9]Yoshikawa S,Mogi K.Experimental studies on the effect of stress history on acoustie emission activity possibility for estima-tion of rock stress[J].J.of Emis.,1989,8(4):113-123.
[10]Kurita K,Fujii N.Stress memory of crystalline rocks in acoustic emission[J].Geo.Res.Let.,1979,6(1):9-12.
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