软弱基座型滑坡震裂机理研究
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摘要
罐滩滑坡是"5.12"地震诱发的典型反倾软弱基座滑坡,滑坡在地震过程中并未立即滑移,而是在震后余震和降雨共同作用下产生的。为研究滑坡中下部软基在地震过程中对滑坡稳定性的影响,本文以罐滩滑坡的地质结构为背景,建立了有无软弱基座2种结构斜坡的概化模型,通过数值计算揭示了斜坡在地震动力响应过程中的应力演化过程及其破裂的产生和延展趋势。计算结果表明:在斜坡发生破坏之前,软弱基座的存在一定程度上起隔震作用,对斜坡的稳定有利;一旦斜坡整体性遭到破坏,软弱基座的存在会加剧破裂面的延伸和贯通,最终导致形成滑坡。
Guantan landslide is a typical anti-dipped rock slope with soft foundation,a result of combined action of Wenchuan earthquake and rainfall after the earthquake.This paper built numerical analysis models of a slope with or without soft foundation.It revealed influence induced by soft foundation to evolution of stress field and extending trend of rupturing process of the slope during earthquake dynamic response process.Calculated result shows that be-fore the failure of the slope,the existence of soft foundation can reduce the role of earthquake dynamic effect to a certain extent,which is positive to slope stability.But once the slope failed,the existence of soft foundation may in-tensify extension and coalescence of rupture surface,and finally form landslide.
Guantan landslide is a typical anti-dipped rock slope with soft foundation,a result of combined action of Wenchuan earthquake and rainfall after the earthquake.This paper built numerical analysis models of a slope with or without soft foundation.It revealed influence induced by soft foundation to evolution of stress field and extending trend of rupturing process of the slope during earthquake dynamic response process.Calculated result shows that be-fore the failure of the slope,the existence of soft foundation can reduce the role of earthquake dynamic effect to a certain extent,which is positive to slope stability.But once the slope failed,the existence of soft foundation may in-tensify extension and coalescence of rupture surface,and finally form landslide.
引文
[1]黄润秋,等.汶川地震地质灾害研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Huang Runqiu,et al.Geohazard Assessment of the WenchuanEarthquake.Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[2]许强,裴向军,黄润秋.汶川地震大型滑坡研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Xu Qiang,Pei Xiangjun,Huang Runqiu.Large-scale Landslides In-duced by the Wenchuan Earthquake.Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[3]McGuire RK.The use of intensity data in seismic hazard analysis.Proc.6th WCEE,New Delhi,India;1997,709～714.
[4]祁生文,伍法权,严福章,刘春玲.岩质边坡动力反应分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Yan Fuzhang,Liu Chunling.Rock SlopeDynamic Response Analysis.Beijing:Science Press,2007.
[5]Monobe HA,et al,Seismic stability of the earth dam.Proc.2ndCongress on Large Dams,Washington DC,IV.
[6]王秀英,等.汶川地震诱发滑坡与地震动峰值加速度对应关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,29(1):82～89.Wang Xiuying,et al.Research on relationship between landslidesand peak ground accelerations induced by Wenchuan earthquake.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,29(1):82～89.
[7]赵建军,巨能攀,李果,黄润秋.汶川地震诱发罐滩滑坡形成机制初步分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2010,21(2):92～96.Zhao Jianjun,Ju Nengpan,Li Guo,Huang Runqiu.Failure mecha-nism analysis of Guantan landslide induced by Wenchuan earth-quake.Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preserva-tion,2010,21(2):92～96.
[8]林茂炳,苟宗海,吴山,等.龙门山地质考察指南[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1997.Lin Maobing,Gou Zonghai,Wu Shan,et al.Longmen Montain Geo-logical Survey Guide.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Science andTechnology Press,1997.
[9]黄润秋.中国西南高边坡的主要特征及其演化[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(3):292～297.Huang Runqiu.Main characteristics of high rock slopes in south-western China and their dynamic evolution.Advance in Earth Sci-ences,2005,20(3):292～297.
[10]位伟,段绍辉,姜清辉,漆祖芳,张房房.反倾边坡影响倾倒稳定的几种因素探讨[J].岩土力学,2008,29(z1):431～436.Wei Wei,Duan Shaohui,Jiang Qinghui,Qi Zufang,Zhang Fang-fang.Research on some factors influencing the toppling stability inanti-inclined slope.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(z1):431～436.
[11]刘立平,雷尊宇,周富春.地震边坡稳定分析方法综述[J].重庆交通学院学报,2001,20(3):83～88.Liu Liping,Lei Zunyu,Zhou Fuchun.The evaluation of seismicslope stability analysis methods.Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong U-niversity,2001,20(3):83～88.
[12]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,丁彦慧.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2792～2797.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Liu Chunling,Ding Yanhui.Engineer-ing geology analysis on stability of slope under earthquake.Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2792～2797.
[13]Zhang Chuhan,OA Pekau,Jin Feng,Wang Guanglun.Applicationof distinct element method in dynamic analysis of high rock slopeand blocky structures.Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineer-ing,1997,16(6):385～394.
[2]许强,裴向军,黄润秋.汶川地震大型滑坡研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.Xu Qiang,Pei Xiangjun,Huang Runqiu.Large-scale Landslides In-duced by the Wenchuan Earthquake.Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[3]McGuire RK.The use of intensity data in seismic hazard analysis.Proc.6th WCEE,New Delhi,India;1997,709～714.
[4]祁生文,伍法权,严福章,刘春玲.岩质边坡动力反应分析[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Yan Fuzhang,Liu Chunling.Rock SlopeDynamic Response Analysis.Beijing:Science Press,2007.
[5]Monobe HA,et al,Seismic stability of the earth dam.Proc.2ndCongress on Large Dams,Washington DC,IV.
[6]王秀英,等.汶川地震诱发滑坡与地震动峰值加速度对应关系研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,29(1):82～89.Wang Xiuying,et al.Research on relationship between landslidesand peak ground accelerations induced by Wenchuan earthquake.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,29(1):82～89.
[7]赵建军,巨能攀,李果,黄润秋.汶川地震诱发罐滩滑坡形成机制初步分析[J].地质灾害与环境保护,2010,21(2):92～96.Zhao Jianjun,Ju Nengpan,Li Guo,Huang Runqiu.Failure mecha-nism analysis of Guantan landslide induced by Wenchuan earth-quake.Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preserva-tion,2010,21(2):92～96.
[8]林茂炳,苟宗海,吴山,等.龙门山地质考察指南[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1997.Lin Maobing,Gou Zonghai,Wu Shan,et al.Longmen Montain Geo-logical Survey Guide.Chengdu:Chengdu University of Science andTechnology Press,1997.
[9]黄润秋.中国西南高边坡的主要特征及其演化[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(3):292～297.Huang Runqiu.Main characteristics of high rock slopes in south-western China and their dynamic evolution.Advance in Earth Sci-ences,2005,20(3):292～297.
[10]位伟,段绍辉,姜清辉,漆祖芳,张房房.反倾边坡影响倾倒稳定的几种因素探讨[J].岩土力学,2008,29(z1):431～436.Wei Wei,Duan Shaohui,Jiang Qinghui,Qi Zufang,Zhang Fang-fang.Research on some factors influencing the toppling stability inanti-inclined slope.Rock and Soil Mechanics,2008,29(z1):431～436.
[11]刘立平,雷尊宇,周富春.地震边坡稳定分析方法综述[J].重庆交通学院学报,2001,20(3):83～88.Liu Liping,Lei Zunyu,Zhou Fuchun.The evaluation of seismicslope stability analysis methods.Journal of Chongqing Jiaotong U-niversity,2001,20(3):83～88.
[12]祁生文,伍法权,刘春玲,丁彦慧.地震边坡稳定性的工程地质分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(16):2792～2797.Qi Shengwen,Wu Faquan,Liu Chunling,Ding Yanhui.Engineer-ing geology analysis on stability of slope under earthquake.Chi-nese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(16):2792～2797.
[13]Zhang Chuhan,OA Pekau,Jin Feng,Wang Guanglun.Applicationof distinct element method in dynamic analysis of high rock slopeand blocky structures.Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineer-ing,1997,16(6):385～394.
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