中国东海及邻近海域一条剖面的地壳速度结构研究
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摘要
:198 2年以来 ,中国科学院海洋研究所在东海海域进行了二十多个站位的遥测浮标折射地震测量 ,1991年又在东海陆架区进行了OBS测量 .本文在我国东海海域选择了横穿东海陆架、冲绳海槽、琉球岛弧、琉球海沟和菲律宾海盆的一条剖面 ,利用上述折射地震资料及其它该剖面附近的折射地震资料 ,对该剖面的地壳速度结构进行了研究 ,并进行了速度年代对比 .研究表明 :剖面的速度结构在纵向上和横向上都表现出明显的差异 ,横向上可分为三隆三盆 ,纵向上大致可划分为1.8～ 2 .2km/s、2 .4～ 2 .8km/s、3.0～ 3.6km/s、4 .2～ 5.1km/s和 5.75～ 6.0km/s的速度层 .从地壳的速度结构推测本海区至少有如下的沉积旋回 :除冲绳海槽的中轴外 ,上新世至第四纪本海区沉积环境稳定 ,而冲绳海槽中轴可能一直处于构造活跃的状态 ;始新世为本区沉积的全盛期 ;渐新世该区域处于抬升的时期 ,钓鱼岛隆起区、琉球岛弧隆起区在此时期的沉积被剥蚀殆尽 ,东海陆架和冲绳海槽此时期的沉积也受到相当程度的剥蚀 .东海陆架盆地和冲绳海槽盆地的出现可能在 5.75～ 6.0km/s的速度层沉积之后 .菲律宾海盆为典型的大洋地壳结构 .
Since 1982, the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IOCAS) has conducted more than 20 sonobuoy refraction measurement in the area of East China Sea. In 1991, the IOCAS also conducted OBS measurement in the same area. Both the our refraction data and other authors' refraction data measured in the area of East China Sea have been used to study the crustal velocity structure along a Profile which is across the East China Sea shelf basin, Okinawa Trough, Ryukyu Island, Ryukyu Trench and Philippine Sea in this paper. The ages of the velocity layer have also been determined in this paper. The crustal velocity structure is difference both along the chosen profile and from top to the depth. Along the profile there are three basins and three uplifts. From top to the depth there are 5 velocity layers, which are layers of 1.8～2.2 km/s, 2.4～2.8 km/s, 3.0～3.6 km/s, 4.5～5.1 km/s and 5.75～6.0 km/s. Based on the velocity structure we can know that the deposit environment was stable between Pliocene and Quaternary along the whole profile except the axis part of Okinawa Trough which had always been active and the deposit florescence was Eocene and the whole area was uplifting in the time of Oligocene and the sediments of that time upon the Diaoyudao uplift and Ryukyu island and also the area of East China Sea shelf basin and Okinawa Trough were denuded. The origination of the East China Sea shelf basin and the Okinawa Trough might be after the deposition of the velocity layer of 5.75～6.0 km/s.
Since 1982, the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences(IOCAS) has conducted more than 20 sonobuoy refraction measurement in the area of East China Sea. In 1991, the IOCAS also conducted OBS measurement in the same area. Both the our refraction data and other authors' refraction data measured in the area of East China Sea have been used to study the crustal velocity structure along a Profile which is across the East China Sea shelf basin, Okinawa Trough, Ryukyu Island, Ryukyu Trench and Philippine Sea in this paper. The ages of the velocity layer have also been determined in this paper. The crustal velocity structure is difference both along the chosen profile and from top to the depth. Along the profile there are three basins and three uplifts. From top to the depth there are 5 velocity layers, which are layers of 1.8～2.2 km/s, 2.4～2.8 km/s, 3.0～3.6 km/s, 4.5～5.1 km/s and 5.75～6.0 km/s. Based on the velocity structure we can know that the deposit environment was stable between Pliocene and Quaternary along the whole profile except the axis part of Okinawa Trough which had always been active and the deposit florescence was Eocene and the whole area was uplifting in the time of Oligocene and the sediments of that time upon the Diaoyudao uplift and Ryukyu island and also the area of East China Sea shelf basin and Okinawa Trough were denuded. The origination of the East China Sea shelf basin and the Okinawa Trough might be after the deposition of the velocity layer of 5.75～6.0 km/s.
引文
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[2 ] MurauchiS ,NDen ,SAsano ,etal.CrustalstructureofthePhilippineSea[J].J.Geophys .,Res .,196 8,73:3143～ 3171.
[3] WagemanJM ,TWCHilde ,KOEmery .StructuralframeworkofEastChinaSeaandYellowSea[J].Am .Assoc .Petrol.Geol.Bull .,1970 ,5 4:16 11～ 16 43.
[4 ] LeydenR ,MEwing ,SMurauchi.SonobuoyrefractionmeasurementintheEastChinaSea[J].Am .Assoc .PetrolGeolBull.,1973,5 7(12 ) :2 396～ 2 40 3 .
[5 ] KodaireH .AcrustalstructureinthemiddleRukyuactivemargin[D].[M .Sc .Thesis],HokkaidoUniv .(inJapanese) ,1990 .
[6 ] BabaH ,NDenSIizuka ,YMisawa .ExplosionseismicobservationsinandaroundSurugaBaybythenewpopuptypeOBS[J].Bull.Inst.OceanicRes.&Develop .TokaiUni.1988,9:45～ 5 3 .
[7] HirataN ,HKinoshita ,HLatao ,etal.ReportonDEDP 1988cruisesintheOkinawaTrough .Part 3 .CrustalstructureofthesouthernOkinawaTrough[J].Bull.Earthq .Res .Inst.,Univ .Tokyo ,1991,6 6 :37～ 70 .
[8] LudwigWJ ,Scunnei .StructureofEastChinaSea WesternPhilippineSeaMarginoffSouthernKyushu[J].Japan .JournalofGeophysicalResearch ,1973,78(14) :2 5 2 6～ 2 5 36 .
[9] LeeCS ,GGShor,JrLDBibee ,etal.OkinawaTrough :Origingofabackarcbasin[J].Mar.Geology ,1980 ,35 :2 19～ 2 41.
[10 ] 金翔龙 .东海海底上地壳的地壳速度结构 [A].见 :海洋与湖沼论文集 [C],1986 ,6 5～ 72 .
[11] 喻普之 ,楼清远 ,陈佐林 .海洋岩石圈的调查与研究 [J].海洋科学译报增刊 ,1994,37:17～ 2 5 .
[12 ] LIUGuang ding .GeophysicalandgeologicalexplorationandhydrocarbonprospectsoftheEastChinaSea[J].ChinaEarthSci ences ,1989,1(1) :43～ 5 8.
[13] 熊绍柏 ,赖明惠 ,刘宏宾 ,等 .屯绥—温州地带的岩石圈结构与分布 [A].见 :东南大陆岩石圈结构与地质演化 [C].北京 :冶金工业出版社 :1993,2 5 0～ 2 5 6 .
[14] 廖其林 ,王振明 ,王屏路 ,等 .福建—泉州—汕头地区地壳结构的爆炸地震研究 [J].地球物理学报 ,1988,31(4 ) :2 70～ 2 80 .
[15 ] 许薇龄 ,黄兆熊 ,乐俊英 .长江口—琉球海沟地学端面 [A].见 :中国海区及领域地质地球物理特征 [C].北京 :科学出版社 ,1992 ,2 89～ 30 1.
[16 ] EdwinH ,McKee ,PaulR ,etal.K Kragesofbasaltsillsfromdeepseadrillingprojectsites 44 4and 44 6 ,ShikokubasinandDaitobasin ,PhilippineSea[A].In :InitialReportsofDSDP[C],1980 ,5 8:92 1～ 92 3 .
[17] KarigDE .BasingenesisinthePhilippineSea[A].In :InitialreportsoftheDSDP[C].1975 ,31:85 7～ 880 .
[18] EdwinH .McKee .K Aragesofdeepseabasalts,BenhamRise ,WestPhilippinebasin ,leg 31,DeepSeaDrillingProject[A].In :InitialreportsoftheDSDP[C],1975 ,31:5 99～ 6 0 0 .
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