中国东部某浅海区多次波压制研究
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摘要
在中国东部某浅海区二维地震勘探中,有两个突出问题严重地影响了地震成像质量:一是浅层普遍存在数个强反射界面,多种类型的多次波广泛发育,能量很强;二是受浅层强反射界面屏蔽作用的影响,加之海相地层间波阻抗差小,构造复杂,中、深层有效反射弱,成像困难。针对以上问题,结合研究区的地震地质特征和地震资料特点,对各种多次波的形成机制和特点进行了深入分析,提出了一套以τ-p域预测反褶积和双曲线Radon变换为主的组合多重压制方案。实际资料应用表明,该方案在保护有效反射的同时,充分压制了多次波,使叠加剖面的信噪比和分辨率得到了明显改善。
Multiple suppression is critical important in seismic data processing,especially for marine data.This paper demonstrates an effective multiple suppression method with a shallow sea seismic data set from eastern China.There are two main problems with this data set.Firstly,multiples from widely existing shallow strong reflection interfaces impair the seismic imaging seriously.Secondly,seismic reflections below the shallow formation are too weak to image well due to the shielding effect of the strong reflection interfaces as well as the small difference impedance and complex structure of the marine strata.Aiming at these problems and according to the geology and seismic characteristics at the work area,the author proposed a combined multiple suppression scheme,based on predictive deconvolution in τ-p domain and hyperbolic Radon transform.Test processing on the 2-D seismic data showed that the scheme can suppress multiples sufficiently while keeping seismic reflections unharmed.Stacking records showed that both signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are appreciably improved.
Multiple suppression is critical important in seismic data processing,especially for marine data.This paper demonstrates an effective multiple suppression method with a shallow sea seismic data set from eastern China.There are two main problems with this data set.Firstly,multiples from widely existing shallow strong reflection interfaces impair the seismic imaging seriously.Secondly,seismic reflections below the shallow formation are too weak to image well due to the shielding effect of the strong reflection interfaces as well as the small difference impedance and complex structure of the marine strata.Aiming at these problems and according to the geology and seismic characteristics at the work area,the author proposed a combined multiple suppression scheme,based on predictive deconvolution in τ-p domain and hyperbolic Radon transform.Test processing on the 2-D seismic data showed that the scheme can suppress multiples sufficiently while keeping seismic reflections unharmed.Stacking records showed that both signal-to-noise ratio and resolution are appreciably improved.
引文
1渥·伊尔马兹.地震资料分析——地震资料处理、反演和解释[M].刘怀山,王克斌,童思友,等译.北京:石油工业出版社,2006.624～734
2Weglein A B.Multiple attenuation:an overview of re-cent advances and the road ahead[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(1):40～44
3孙建国.勘探地球物理技术最新进展——2002年SEG年会综述Ⅰ:采集与处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(1):66～78
4曹孟起,牛滨华,蔡希玲.第73届SEG年会地震数据处理新技术简介[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(3):228～231
5朱海龙.第74届SEG年会综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(2):129～136
6李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,等.多次波问题的研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):888～897
7蔡乾忠.中国海域油气地质学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005.25～203
8李丕龙,宋玉龙,王新红,等.滩浅海地区高精度地震勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.167～174
9Foster D J,Mosher C C.Suppression of multiple re-flections using the Radon transform[J].Geophysics,1992,57(3):386～395
2Weglein A B.Multiple attenuation:an overview of re-cent advances and the road ahead[J].The Leading Edge,1999,18(1):40～44
3孙建国.勘探地球物理技术最新进展——2002年SEG年会综述Ⅰ:采集与处理[J].勘探地球物理进展,2003,26(1):66～78
4曹孟起,牛滨华,蔡希玲.第73届SEG年会地震数据处理新技术简介[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(3):228～231
5朱海龙.第74届SEG年会综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(2):129～136
6李鹏,刘伊克,常旭,等.多次波问题的研究进展[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(3):888～897
7蔡乾忠.中国海域油气地质学[M].北京:海洋出版社,2005.25～203
8李丕龙,宋玉龙,王新红,等.滩浅海地区高精度地震勘探技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006.167～174
9Foster D J,Mosher C C.Suppression of multiple re-flections using the Radon transform[J].Geophysics,1992,57(3):386～395
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