利用地震资料反演地层的碳酸盐含量
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摘要
基于碳酸盐含量与地层速度、密度之间的关系,在井资料约束下,使用人工神经网络方法反演高分辨率地震资料所反映的地层碳酸盐含量,并应用于南海北部陆坡ODP184航次1146和1148孔区,取得较好效果.方法的关键是从井旁地震道中提取多种属性,利用逐步回归法,确定6种与碳酸盐含量相关性最好的地震属性,分别是平均频率、道积分绝对振幅、主频、时间、道微分瞬时振幅和瞬时频率,然后进行地层碳酸盐含量反演.反演结果相对于岩心分析的碳酸盐含量的误差大多在±5%之内,较为精确地揭示了地震地层剖面上碳酸盐含量的分布.
Based upon the relationship between carbonate content and stratal velocity and density, we attempted to apply the artificial neural network to the inversion of carbonate content summarized from the high-resolution seismic data limited by controlled well measurements. The method was applied to the slope area of the northern South China Sea near ODP Sites 1146 and 1148, with satisfactory results. The key to this method is the collection of several properties from seismic profiles across or near the wells. Then the progressive regression method was primarily applied to the determination of six seismic properties, most closely related to carbonate content variations, which are defined as average frequency, integrated absolute amplitude, dominating frequency, reflection time, derivative instantaneous amplitude, and instantaneous frequency. Finally, the stratal carbonate content is reversed. The reversal results thus obtained, with the errors of carbonate content mostly ranging within ±5% relative to those measured from sediment samples, show a relative accurate picture of carbonate-content distribution along the slope profile.
Based upon the relationship between carbonate content and stratal velocity and density, we attempted to apply the artificial neural network to the inversion of carbonate content summarized from the high-resolution seismic data limited by controlled well measurements. The method was applied to the slope area of the northern South China Sea near ODP Sites 1146 and 1148, with satisfactory results. The key to this method is the collection of several properties from seismic profiles across or near the wells. Then the progressive regression method was primarily applied to the determination of six seismic properties, most closely related to carbonate content variations, which are defined as average frequency, integrated absolute amplitude, dominating frequency, reflection time, derivative instantaneous amplitude, and instantaneous frequency. Finally, the stratal carbonate content is reversed. The reversal results thus obtained, with the errors of carbonate content mostly ranging within ±5% relative to those measured from sediment samples, show a relative accurate picture of carbonate-content distribution along the slope profile.
引文
Bishop,C.,1995.Neural networks for pattern recognition.Oxford University Press,New York.
Chen,X.L.,Zhao,Q.H.,Jian,Z.M.,2002.Carbonate con-tent changes since the Miocene and paleoenvironmentali mplications,ODP Site1148,northern South China Sea.Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,22(2):69-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fabricius,I.L.,2003.How burial diagenesis of chalk sedi-ments controls sonic velocity and porosity.AAPG Bul-letin,87:1755-1778.
Hampson,D.,Schuelke,J.,Quirein,J.,2001.Using multi-attribute transforms to predict log properties fromseis-mic data.Geophysics,66(1):220-236.
Hecht-Nielsen,R.,1989.Theory of backpropagation neuralnetworks.Presented at IEEE Proc.,Int.Conf.NeuralNetwork,Washington,DC.
Huang,W.,Liu,Z.F.,Chen,X.L.,et al.,2003.Searching physicalindicators of carbonate contents of deep sea sedi ments.EarthScience—Journal of China University of Geosciences,28(2):157-162(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kenter,A.M.,Ansel metti,F.S.,Kramer,P.H.,et al.,2002.Acoustic properties of“YOUNG”carbonaterocks,ODP Leg166and boreholes Clino and Unda,western Great Bahama Bank.Journal of Sedi mentaryResearch,72:129-137.
Li,Q.Y.,Wang,P.X.,Zhao,Q.,et al.,2006.A33Malithostratigraphic record of tectonic and paleoceano-graphic evolution of the South China Sea.Marine Geolo-gy,230:217-235.
Nikravesh,M.,2004.Soft computing-based computationalintelligent for reservoir characterization.Expert Sys-tems with Applications,26:19-38.
Nikravesh,M.,Adams,R.D.,Levey,R.A.,2001a.Softcomputing:Tools for intelligent reservoir characteriza-tion(IRESC)and opti mum well placement(OWP).Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,29(3/4):239-262.
Nikravesh,M.,Aminzadeh,F.,Zadeh,L.A.,2001b.Softcomputing and earth sciences(Part2).Journal of Pe-troleum Science and Engineering,31(2-4):67-204.
Rosenblatt,F.,1962.Principals of neurodynamics.Spartan,New York.
Sarg,J.F.,Schuelke,J.S.,2003.Integrated seismic analysisof carbonate reservoirs:Fromthe framework to the vol-ume attributes.The Leading Edge,22(7):640-645.
Su,X.,Xu,Y.,Tu,Q.,2004.Early Oligocene-Pleistocenecalcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the northernSouth China Sea(Leg184,Sites1146-1148).In:Prell,W.L.,Wang,P.X.,Blum,P.,et al.,eds,Pro-ceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program,Scientific Re-sults,Volume184.
Trentesaux,A.,Recourt,P.,Bout-Roumazeilles,V.,et al.,2001.Carbonate grain-size distribution in hemipelagicsedi ments from a laser particle sizer.Journal of Sedi-mentary Research,71:858-862.
Wallace,M.W.,Holdgate,G.R.,Daniels,J.,et al.,2002.Sonic velocity,submarine canyons,and burial diagenesisin Oligocene-Holocene cool water carbonates,Gippslandbasin,southeast Australia.AAPG Bulletin,86:1593-1607.
Wang,P.X.,Prell,W.,Blum,P.,et al.,2000.Proceedingsof the ocean drilling program,initial reports,Volume184.Ocean Drilling Program,College Station,1-77.
Wong,P.M.,Tamhane,D.,Wang,L.,et al.,1997.Networkapproach to knowledge-based well interpolation:Acasestudy of a fluvial sandstone reservoir.Journal of Petro-leum Geology,20:363-372.
Wu,D.K.,Li,Y.L.,Wu,Z.M.,et al.,2004.Research onthe neural network algorithm of joint inversion of seis-mic and log data.Natural Gas Industry,24(3):55-57(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhong,G.F.,Li,Q.Y.,Chen,Q.,et al.,2006.Oligocenemineral component inversion using geophysical welllogs from ODP Hole1148A,South China Sea.Journalof Tongji University(Natural Science),34(10)(in press,in Chinese with English abstract).
陈晓良,赵泉鸿,翦知湣,2002.南海北部ODP184站中新世以来的碳酸盐含量变化及其古环境意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,22(2):69-74.
黄维,刘志飞,陈晓良,等,2003.寻求深海碳酸盐沉积含量的物理标志.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,28(2):157-162.
吴大奎,李亚林,伍志明,等,2004.地震、测井资料联合反演的神经网络算法研究.天然气工业,24(3):55-57.
钟广法,李前裕,陈强,等,2006.根据测井资料反演ODP1148A孔渐新统的矿物组成.同济大学学报,34(10)(待刊).
Chen,X.L.,Zhao,Q.H.,Jian,Z.M.,2002.Carbonate con-tent changes since the Miocene and paleoenvironmentali mplications,ODP Site1148,northern South China Sea.Marine Geology and Quaternary Geology,22(2):69-74(in Chinese with English abstract).
Fabricius,I.L.,2003.How burial diagenesis of chalk sedi-ments controls sonic velocity and porosity.AAPG Bul-letin,87:1755-1778.
Hampson,D.,Schuelke,J.,Quirein,J.,2001.Using multi-attribute transforms to predict log properties fromseis-mic data.Geophysics,66(1):220-236.
Hecht-Nielsen,R.,1989.Theory of backpropagation neuralnetworks.Presented at IEEE Proc.,Int.Conf.NeuralNetwork,Washington,DC.
Huang,W.,Liu,Z.F.,Chen,X.L.,et al.,2003.Searching physicalindicators of carbonate contents of deep sea sedi ments.EarthScience—Journal of China University of Geosciences,28(2):157-162(in Chinese with English abstract).
Kenter,A.M.,Ansel metti,F.S.,Kramer,P.H.,et al.,2002.Acoustic properties of“YOUNG”carbonaterocks,ODP Leg166and boreholes Clino and Unda,western Great Bahama Bank.Journal of Sedi mentaryResearch,72:129-137.
Li,Q.Y.,Wang,P.X.,Zhao,Q.,et al.,2006.A33Malithostratigraphic record of tectonic and paleoceano-graphic evolution of the South China Sea.Marine Geolo-gy,230:217-235.
Nikravesh,M.,2004.Soft computing-based computationalintelligent for reservoir characterization.Expert Sys-tems with Applications,26:19-38.
Nikravesh,M.,Adams,R.D.,Levey,R.A.,2001a.Softcomputing:Tools for intelligent reservoir characteriza-tion(IRESC)and opti mum well placement(OWP).Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,29(3/4):239-262.
Nikravesh,M.,Aminzadeh,F.,Zadeh,L.A.,2001b.Softcomputing and earth sciences(Part2).Journal of Pe-troleum Science and Engineering,31(2-4):67-204.
Rosenblatt,F.,1962.Principals of neurodynamics.Spartan,New York.
Sarg,J.F.,Schuelke,J.S.,2003.Integrated seismic analysisof carbonate reservoirs:Fromthe framework to the vol-ume attributes.The Leading Edge,22(7):640-645.
Su,X.,Xu,Y.,Tu,Q.,2004.Early Oligocene-Pleistocenecalcareous nannofossil biostratigraphy of the northernSouth China Sea(Leg184,Sites1146-1148).In:Prell,W.L.,Wang,P.X.,Blum,P.,et al.,eds,Pro-ceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program,Scientific Re-sults,Volume184.
Trentesaux,A.,Recourt,P.,Bout-Roumazeilles,V.,et al.,2001.Carbonate grain-size distribution in hemipelagicsedi ments from a laser particle sizer.Journal of Sedi-mentary Research,71:858-862.
Wallace,M.W.,Holdgate,G.R.,Daniels,J.,et al.,2002.Sonic velocity,submarine canyons,and burial diagenesisin Oligocene-Holocene cool water carbonates,Gippslandbasin,southeast Australia.AAPG Bulletin,86:1593-1607.
Wang,P.X.,Prell,W.,Blum,P.,et al.,2000.Proceedingsof the ocean drilling program,initial reports,Volume184.Ocean Drilling Program,College Station,1-77.
Wong,P.M.,Tamhane,D.,Wang,L.,et al.,1997.Networkapproach to knowledge-based well interpolation:Acasestudy of a fluvial sandstone reservoir.Journal of Petro-leum Geology,20:363-372.
Wu,D.K.,Li,Y.L.,Wu,Z.M.,et al.,2004.Research onthe neural network algorithm of joint inversion of seis-mic and log data.Natural Gas Industry,24(3):55-57(in Chinese with English abstract).
Zhong,G.F.,Li,Q.Y.,Chen,Q.,et al.,2006.Oligocenemineral component inversion using geophysical welllogs from ODP Hole1148A,South China Sea.Journalof Tongji University(Natural Science),34(10)(in press,in Chinese with English abstract).
陈晓良,赵泉鸿,翦知湣,2002.南海北部ODP184站中新世以来的碳酸盐含量变化及其古环境意义.海洋地质与第四纪地质,22(2):69-74.
黄维,刘志飞,陈晓良,等,2003.寻求深海碳酸盐沉积含量的物理标志.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,28(2):157-162.
吴大奎,李亚林,伍志明,等,2004.地震、测井资料联合反演的神经网络算法研究.天然气工业,24(3):55-57.
钟广法,李前裕,陈强,等,2006.根据测井资料反演ODP1148A孔渐新统的矿物组成.同济大学学报,34(10)(待刊).
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