“5·12”地震后江油市卫生防疫工作满意度的调查研究
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摘要
了解"5.12"地震后江油市安置灾民对灾后卫生防疫工作的满意度。方法随机抽取好、中、差各1个灾民安置点,在每个帐篷里选择1名18周岁以上灾民进行自填式匿名问卷调查,内容包括灾民基本情况和对目前卫生防病工作评价。应用SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果共调查416名灾民,262名为本地灾民,154名来自外地。灾民对于灾后总的卫生防疫工作满意度83.1%,从高到低的满意度分别为生活用水卫生85.5%、防病宣传83.5%、饮水卫生82.4%、食品卫生77.9%、公厕卫生53.8%。本地灾民点和外地灾民点的灾民对于防病工作的满意度有差异(P<0.01)。干部职员的满意度低于其他职业(P<0.01)。羌族灾民满意度高于汉族灾民(P<0.01)。多因素方差分析的结果表明,不同职业间年龄间差异有统计学意义(F=28.95,P<0.01)。蚊子数量越多,发生身体不适的机率越大。良好的卫生习惯是减少身体不适的有效因素。63岁及以下的灾民身体不适症状的发生率低于64岁及以上的灾民(χ2=9.7283,P=0.0453)。结论地震发生后,加大力度消灭蚊子和保持良好的卫生习惯有利于减少灾民身体不适症状的发生,尤其应为64岁及以上的老年人提供更多的卫生防疫服务。
Objective To evaluate the satisfaction degree about the health and epidemic prevention by the people in the quake-stricken area in Jiangyou.Methods Three resettlement points were selected randomly and the self administrated anonymous questionnaire surveys were conducted among the people living there(aged ≥ 18 years) to evaluate their health status and the health and epidemic prevention and control.The data were analyzed statistically by SPSS 13.0.Results A total of 416 people were surveyed,among which 262 were local residents and 154 were from other places.A total of 83.1% of the people surveyed were satisfied with the post disaster health and epidemic prevention and control,and the satisfaction rate was 85.5% for water quality,83.5% for health education,82.4% for drinking water quality,77.9% for food hygiene and 53.8% for public lavatory.There was difference on the satisfaction degree between the local residents and people from other places(P < 0.05).The satisfaction degree of cadre or staff was lower than that of other populations(P <0.01).The satisfaction degree of the Qiang people was higher than that of the Han people(P < 0.01).Multivariate variance analysis showed that there was significant differences on age among the different populations(F= 28.95,P < 0.0001).The more mosquitoes,the people felt more uncomfortable.Good lifestyle was effec-tive to reduce the uncomfortable feelings.The proportion of uncomfortable feelings among the people ≤ 63 years old was lower than that among the people ≥ 64 years old(χ2=9.728 3,P =0.045 3).Conclusions After the earthquake,the anti mosquitoes measures and keeping good lifestyle could reduced the uncomfortable feelings of the people in disaster area,and more health services should be provided for the people aged ≥64 years old.
Objective To evaluate the satisfaction degree about the health and epidemic prevention by the people in the quake-stricken area in Jiangyou.Methods Three resettlement points were selected randomly and the self administrated anonymous questionnaire surveys were conducted among the people living there(aged ≥ 18 years) to evaluate their health status and the health and epidemic prevention and control.The data were analyzed statistically by SPSS 13.0.Results A total of 416 people were surveyed,among which 262 were local residents and 154 were from other places.A total of 83.1% of the people surveyed were satisfied with the post disaster health and epidemic prevention and control,and the satisfaction rate was 85.5% for water quality,83.5% for health education,82.4% for drinking water quality,77.9% for food hygiene and 53.8% for public lavatory.There was difference on the satisfaction degree between the local residents and people from other places(P < 0.05).The satisfaction degree of cadre or staff was lower than that of other populations(P <0.01).The satisfaction degree of the Qiang people was higher than that of the Han people(P < 0.01).Multivariate variance analysis showed that there was significant differences on age among the different populations(F= 28.95,P < 0.0001).The more mosquitoes,the people felt more uncomfortable.Good lifestyle was effec-tive to reduce the uncomfortable feelings.The proportion of uncomfortable feelings among the people ≤ 63 years old was lower than that among the people ≥ 64 years old(χ2=9.728 3,P =0.045 3).Conclusions After the earthquake,the anti mosquitoes measures and keeping good lifestyle could reduced the uncomfortable feelings of the people in disaster area,and more health services should be provided for the people aged ≥64 years old.
引文
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[2]Ali Montazeri,Hamid Baradaran,Sepideh Omidvari,et al.Psychologi-cal distress among Bam earthquake survivors in Iran:apopulation-based study.BMC Public Health.http://www.Biome-dcentral.com/1471-2458/5/4.
[3]Shin-ichi Toyabe,Toshiki Shioiri,Hideki Kuwabara,et al.Impaired psychological recovery in the elderly after the Niigata-Chuetsu Earthquake in Japan:a population-based study.BMC Public Health.
[4]SangWoo Tak,Richard Driscoll,Bruce Bernard,et al.Depressive symptoms among firefighters and related factors after the response to hurricane Katrina.Journal of Urban Health[J].Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine,2007,84(2):153-160.
[5]Susan M,Becker.Psychosocial care for adult and child survivors of the2004Tsunami disaster in India[J].American Journal of Public Health,2006,96(8):1396-1397.
[6]Hassan Farooq.Relief work after the earthquake in Pakistan:a Pakistani-American physician's perspective[J].Proc(Bayl Univ Med Cent),2006,19:250-256.
[7]Suresh Bada Math,Shweta Tandon.Satish Chandra Girimaji.Psycho-logical impact of the Tsunami on children and adolescents from the Andaman and Nicobar islands[J].Prim Care Companion J Clin Psychiatry,2008,10(1):31-38.
[8]John T.Watson,Michelle Gayer,et al.Epidemics after natural disasters[J].Emerging Infectious Diseases,2007,13(1):1-5.
[9]Kondo H,Seo N,Yasuda T,et al.Post-flood-infectious diseases in Mozambique[J].Prehospital Disaster Med,2002,17:126-33.
[10]地震灾区公共卫生与防疫需求快速评估表.http://www.chinacdc.cn/
[11]Daniel J.Beal and Jeremy F.Dawson.On the use of likert-type scales in multilevel data:influence on aggregate variables[J].Organi-zational Research Methods,2007,10:657-672.
[12]Karen L,Pellegrin GW,Stuart B,et al.A brief scale for assessing patients's atisfaction with care in outpatient psychiatric services.Psychi-atr Serv.2001;52:816-819.
[13]A Randomized,Double-Blind Trial.Effect of antibacterial home cleaning and handwashing products on infectious disease symptoms[J].Annals of Internal Medicine,2004,140:321-329.
[14]Stephen P Luby,Mubina Agboatwalla,John Painter,et al.Effect of intensive handwashing promotion on childhood diarrhea in high-risk communities in Pakistan[J].JAMA.2004,291(21):2547-2554.
[15]Janet C King,Robert E Black,Michael P Doyle,et al.Foodborne Ill-nesses and Nutritional Status:A Statement from an American Society for Nutritional Sciences Working Group[J].J Nutr,2000,130:2613-2617.
[16]Clyde Walter Worley,Kimberly Ann Worley,P Lucy Kumar.Infec-tious disease challenges in immigrants from tropical countries.Pediarics.http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/106/1/e3.
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