水平井压裂裂缝监测的井下微地震技术
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摘要
压裂时裂缝产生和扩展的过程中,会产生沿地层传播的微型地震波,采用合适的接收仪器接收该地震波,通过分析就能确定裂缝的几何尺寸等参数。井下微地震裂缝监测技术是运用该原理发展而来的一种行之有效的裂缝监测技术,运用该技术监测大庆油田一口水平井压裂。结果表明,压裂过程中形成了一条涵盖整个产层的对称缝,缝长158m,缝高46m,裂缝方位为N37°E,与FracproPT软件模拟结果一致。通过分析监测结果,可为该地区优化压裂设计与施工、制定合理开发方案等方面提供借鉴。
There will be microseismic wave propagating along the formation during fracturing process. By receiving this seismic wave with proper receiver, parameters like fracture geometry can be determined. Downhole microseismic technique is an effective method for fracture monitoring and has been used in a horizontal well of Daqing Oilfield. The result shows that a symmetrical fracture extending over the whole pay zone has been generated during fracturing process, with fracture length of 158m, height 46m, and azimuth N37°E, which are same with the simulated result of FracproPT software. This monitoring result provides reference for optimizing fracturing design and operation and formulating rational development plan in this area.
There will be microseismic wave propagating along the formation during fracturing process. By receiving this seismic wave with proper receiver, parameters like fracture geometry can be determined. Downhole microseismic technique is an effective method for fracture monitoring and has been used in a horizontal well of Daqing Oilfield. The result shows that a symmetrical fracture extending over the whole pay zone has been generated during fracturing process, with fracture length of 158m, height 46m, and azimuth N37°E, which are same with the simulated result of FracproPT software. This monitoring result provides reference for optimizing fracturing design and operation and formulating rational development plan in this area.
引文
[1]Michael Economides,等著.见:张保平,等译.油藏增产措施[M].第3版.北京:石油工业出版社,2002:1~5.
[2]王治中,等.井下微地震裂缝监测设计及压裂效果评价[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(6):76~78.
[3]Warpinski N R,Branagan P T,Peterson R E,etal.Map-ping Hydraulic Fractue Growth and Geometry Using Mi-croseismic Events Detected by a Wireline Retrievable Ac-celerometer Array[C].SPE40014,1998.
[4]Warpinski N R,etal.Improved Microseismic Fractue Map-ping Using Perforation Timing Measurements for VelocityCalibralion[C].SPE84488,2003.
[5]Warpinski N R,Wolhart S L,Wright C A.Analysis andprediction of microseismicity induced by hydraulic fractu-ring[C].SPE71649,2001.
[6]Griffin L G,Sullivan R.Hydraulic fracture mapping of thehigh temperature,high pressure bossier sands in East Tex-as[C].SPE84489,2003.
[7]Cipolla C L,et al.Diagnostic techniques to understand hy-draulic fracturing:what?why?and how?[C].SPE59735,2000.
[8]Barge R D.A Practical guide to hydraulic fracture diag-nostic techniques[C].SPE77442,2002.
[2]王治中,等.井下微地震裂缝监测设计及压裂效果评价[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2006,25(6):76~78.
[3]Warpinski N R,Branagan P T,Peterson R E,etal.Map-ping Hydraulic Fractue Growth and Geometry Using Mi-croseismic Events Detected by a Wireline Retrievable Ac-celerometer Array[C].SPE40014,1998.
[4]Warpinski N R,etal.Improved Microseismic Fractue Map-ping Using Perforation Timing Measurements for VelocityCalibralion[C].SPE84488,2003.
[5]Warpinski N R,Wolhart S L,Wright C A.Analysis andprediction of microseismicity induced by hydraulic fractu-ring[C].SPE71649,2001.
[6]Griffin L G,Sullivan R.Hydraulic fracture mapping of thehigh temperature,high pressure bossier sands in East Tex-as[C].SPE84489,2003.
[7]Cipolla C L,et al.Diagnostic techniques to understand hy-draulic fracturing:what?why?and how?[C].SPE59735,2000.
[8]Barge R D.A Practical guide to hydraulic fracture diag-nostic techniques[C].SPE77442,2002.
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