叠前时间偏移处理技术及应用
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摘要
随着计算机技术的迅猛发展,尤其是高性能PC机群的出现,叠前时间偏移处理技术作为常规偏移成像处理手段得到广泛应用,成为改善构造复杂、速度横向变化不大地区地震资料成像效果的一种有效处理手段。目前普遍应用的叠前时间偏移技术主要包括基于波动方程积分解的Kirchhoff积分法和基于波动方程差分解的有限差分法。Kirchhoff积分法虽然计算精度较低,但速度分析快捷,运算效率高,适应能力强,是目前最为常用的方法。实际资料处理结果表明;叠前时间偏移处理技术可明显提高地震资料的成像精度,并可充分利用CRP道集进行AVO反演、叠前波阻抗反演及地震属性的提取。
Along with rapid development of computer technique, especially the appearance of PC cluster with high function-to-cost ratio, prestack time migration processing has been widely used as a ordinary imaging processing tool and become effective processing means improving imaging results in the areas of complex structures and less variation of velocities in lateral direction. Currently popularized prestack time migration technique mainly includes Kirchhoff integration method based on integration solution of wave equation and finite-difference method based on difference solution of wave equation. The former has lower computational precision, but with characteristics of rapid analysis of velocity, high operation effect and strong adaptability, which make the method become the most popularly used method currently. The results of practical data processing showed the prestack time migration could greatly improve the imaging precision of seismic data and fully use CRP gathers for AVO inversion, prestack wave impedance inversion and detection of seismic attributes.
Along with rapid development of computer technique, especially the appearance of PC cluster with high function-to-cost ratio, prestack time migration processing has been widely used as a ordinary imaging processing tool and become effective processing means improving imaging results in the areas of complex structures and less variation of velocities in lateral direction. Currently popularized prestack time migration technique mainly includes Kirchhoff integration method based on integration solution of wave equation and finite-difference method based on difference solution of wave equation. The former has lower computational precision, but with characteristics of rapid analysis of velocity, high operation effect and strong adaptability, which make the method become the most popularly used method currently. The results of practical data processing showed the prestack time migration could greatly improve the imaging precision of seismic data and fully use CRP gathers for AVO inversion, prestack wave impedance inversion and detection of seismic attributes.
引文
[1]马在田．计算地球物理学概论．上海:同济大学出版社, 1997
[2]陈立康等译．复杂地质条件下地震成像使用方法．石油地球物理勘探局,1996
[3]牛滨华．半空间介质与地震波传播．北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[4] Yilmaz. Seismic Data Processing. Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1987
[5] Phil Schultz. The Seismic Velocity Model as An Interpretation Asset. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1998
[2]陈立康等译．复杂地质条件下地震成像使用方法．石油地球物理勘探局,1996
[3]牛滨华．半空间介质与地震波传播．北京:石油工业出版社,2002
[4] Yilmaz. Seismic Data Processing. Society of Exploration Geophysicists,1987
[5] Phil Schultz. The Seismic Velocity Model as An Interpretation Asset. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1998
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