玉树7.1级地震断裂特征与地震地表破裂带
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摘要
2010年4月14日07时49分在青海省玉树县发生了7.1级地震,震中位于33.2°N,96.6°E,自玉树县城至隆宝镇造成了大量房屋倒塌和人员伤亡。地震发生在NW向的玉树-甘孜断裂两段的玉树-治多断裂上,自隆宝镇东至玉树县城,地震引起了长约50km的地震地表破裂带,主要分布在第三纪红砂岩、高漫滩及河床中,致使公路错断、桥梁位错,并引发大量滑坡和崩滑。震中附近的调查表明,地表破裂带主要沿NW向的玉树-治多断裂展布,总体走向NW320°,分为两组,一组为NW向,另一组为NE向,NW向的破裂为左旋走滑,发育一系列小的类拉分盆地,NE向的破裂表现为正断性质。由震源机制解和断裂特征判定,NW向的玉树-治多断裂为此次地震的发震构造。
The 2010 Yushu Earthquake that measured at M_s 7.1 occurred at 7:49 on April 14,2010,in Yushu County, Qinghai Province.The epicenter is 33.2°N,96.6°E.Thousands of houses collapsed from the Jiegu town to Longbao town in Yushu County.The earthquake occurred as the result of movement of the Yushu-Zhiduo fault which is NW segment of Yushu-Ganzi fault.From the location of micro-epicenter to Yushu County,surface rupture which length is about 50km distributes along Yushu-Zhiduo fault.The ruptures are also found in the Tertiary red sandstone,high floodplain and riverbed.Along the surface ruptures,roads and bridges were destroyed and dislocated,and a lot of landslides were trigged by the shock.According field work,a series of NW-trending and NE-trending surface ruptures distribute along the Yushu-Zhiduo fault zone.The NW-trending rupture is left strike-slip and more small pull-apart basins were developed.The NE-trending rupture is extension.The earthquake's epicenter and focal-mechanism are consistent with it having occurred as the result of movement on the Yushu-Zhiduo fault or a tectonically related fault.
The 2010 Yushu Earthquake that measured at M_s 7.1 occurred at 7:49 on April 14,2010,in Yushu County, Qinghai Province.The epicenter is 33.2°N,96.6°E.Thousands of houses collapsed from the Jiegu town to Longbao town in Yushu County.The earthquake occurred as the result of movement of the Yushu-Zhiduo fault which is NW segment of Yushu-Ganzi fault.From the location of micro-epicenter to Yushu County,surface rupture which length is about 50km distributes along Yushu-Zhiduo fault.The ruptures are also found in the Tertiary red sandstone,high floodplain and riverbed.Along the surface ruptures,roads and bridges were destroyed and dislocated,and a lot of landslides were trigged by the shock.According field work,a series of NW-trending and NE-trending surface ruptures distribute along the Yushu-Zhiduo fault zone.The NW-trending rupture is left strike-slip and more small pull-apart basins were developed.The NE-trending rupture is extension.The earthquake's epicenter and focal-mechanism are consistent with it having occurred as the result of movement on the Yushu-Zhiduo fault or a tectonically related fault.
引文
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7徐锡伟,于贵华,马文涛等.昆仑山地震(M_W7． 8) 破裂行为、变形局部化特征及其构造内涵讨论.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(7) :785～796 Xu Xiwei,Yu Guihua,Ma Weutao et al.Rupture behavior and deformation localization of the Kunlunshan earthquake(Mw7． 8) and their tectonic implications.Science in China(Series D),2008,38(7) :785～796
8 徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青等.汶川M_S8． 0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造.地震地质,2008,30(3) :597～629 Xu Xiwei,Wen Xueze,Ye Jianqing et al.The Ms8． 0Wenchuan earthquake surface ruptures and its seismogenic structure.Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3) : 597～629
9 尤惠川,徐锡伟,吴建平等.唐山地震深浅构造关系研究.地震地质,2002,24(4) :571～582 You Huichuan,Xu Xiwei,Wu Jianping et al.Study on the relationship between shallow and deep structures in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake area.Seismology and Geology,2002,24(4) :571～582
2 闻学泽,徐锡伟,郑荣章等.甘 孜-玉树断裂的平均滑动速率与近代大地震破裂.中国科学(D辑),2003,33(增刊):199～207 Wen Xueze,Xu Xiwei,Zheng Rongzhang et al.The average slip rate and modern earthquake rupture of Ganzi-Yushu fault.Science in China(Series D),2003,33(Suppl.): 199～207
3 闻学泽,黄圣睦,江在雄.甘孜-玉树断裂带的新构造特征及地 震危险性估计.地震地质,1985,7(3) :23～32 Wen Xueze,Huang Shengmu,Jiang Zaixiong.Neotectonic features of the Ganzi-Yushu fault zone and assessment of its earthquake rish.Seismology and Geology,1985,7(3) :23～32
4 周荣军,闻学泽,蔡长星等.甘孜-玉树断裂带的近代地震与未来地震趋势估计.地震地质,1997,19(2) :115～124 Zhou Rongjun Wen Xueze Chai Changxing et al.Recent earthquakes and assessment of seismismic tendency on the Ganzi-Yushu fault zones.Seismology and Geology,1997,19(2) : 115～124
5 USGS.USGS Centroid Moment Solution.http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eqinthenews/2010/us2010vacp/neic _ vacp _ cmt.php,2010． 4． 14
6 陈运泰研究组.2010年4月14日青海玉树地震震源机制和破裂过程快报.http: // www.csi.ac.cn/manage/html/4028861611c5c2ba0111c5c558b00001/_ content/10_04/17/1271488288058． html.2010． 4． 17 Chen Yuntai Group.Bulletin on the focal mechanism and the rupture process of Yushu earthquake in Qinghai Province,April 14,2010,http: // www.csi.ac.cn/manage/html/4028861611 c5c2ba011 lc 5c558b00001/content/10_04/17/1271488288058． html.2010． 4． 17
7徐锡伟,于贵华,马文涛等.昆仑山地震(M_W7． 8) 破裂行为、变形局部化特征及其构造内涵讨论.中国科学(D辑),2008,38(7) :785～796 Xu Xiwei,Yu Guihua,Ma Weutao et al.Rupture behavior and deformation localization of the Kunlunshan earthquake(Mw7． 8) and their tectonic implications.Science in China(Series D),2008,38(7) :785～796
8 徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青等.汶川M_S8． 0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造.地震地质,2008,30(3) :597～629 Xu Xiwei,Wen Xueze,Ye Jianqing et al.The Ms8． 0Wenchuan earthquake surface ruptures and its seismogenic structure.Seismology and Geology,2008,30(3) : 597～629
9 尤惠川,徐锡伟,吴建平等.唐山地震深浅构造关系研究.地震地质,2002,24(4) :571～582 You Huichuan,Xu Xiwei,Wu Jianping et al.Study on the relationship between shallow and deep structures in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake area.Seismology and Geology,2002,24(4) :571～582
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