沉积盆地地震－层序地层学研究辅助系统─Ⅰ
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摘要
笔者近几年在柴达木、准噶尔、鄂尔多斯、华北和南宁等盆地从事地震地层学和层序地层学研究工作中，建立了“沉积盆地地震─层序地层学研究辅助系统”（ＡＳｅｉｓｍｉｃ─ＳｅｑｕｅｎｃｅＳｔｒａｔｉｇｒａｐｈｙＳｕｐｐｌｅｍｅｎｔａｒｙＳｙｓｔｅｍｏｆＳｅｄｉｍｅｎｔａｒｙＢａｓｉｎｓ，简称４Ｓ）。４Ｓ由三大区块组成，即勘探信息数据库，数据综合分析处理与建立定量模型和模型展开并平面、二维及三维成图。４Ｓ是一个由４万余条源语句组成的微机软件系统，能够对含油气盆地的地表地质、地震、钻井测井、样品分析测试等数据进行综合分析处理，定量研究目标层序的沉积相，沉积体系，古水流方向，烃类和生储盖层分布预测，沉积体系二维地层模型的地展模拟，沉积层序三维水平切片及其表面地貌形态成像等许多地震─层序地层学所涉及的问题。４Ｓ所使用的数据种类和目标结果都不同于目前各种地震资料解释专用系统和盆地模拟系统，并且具有所需设备简单，便于普及和能够解决多种基础地质问题等特点。
A Seismic-Sequence Stratigraphy Supplementary System of Sedimentary Basins (abbreviated as 4S) was established by the author based on studies of the basins such as Caidam, Jungar, Erdos, North China and Nanning.4S,which consisting of three main blocks, data of exploration statistics, establishment of quantificational method and the opening of the model, is a microsoft system consistuated of more than 4000 scree statements, its functions include the synthetical data-operation of ground geology, seismology, well logging and sample analysis ; quantitative study many of the problems realated to seismic-sequence stratigraphy of the target stratum such as the sedimentary facies, sedimentary system, flow direction of palaeodrainage, prospect the distribution of source, reservoir and cap rocks of hydrocarbon generation, seismic simulation of the model of two-dimentional sedimentary model, three-dimentional slice of sedimentary sequence and its surficial morphologic image and so on. Both of the data systems used in 4S and the target result are different from the currently adopted ones that used especially for the explaination of seismic data and basin modelling. There are five specialities of 4S: (1) Diversified data. It includes all of the data and statistics of surficial geology, well logging, seismic exploration, sample analysis, downhole oil-gas determination, and digitized concepts and experiences. (2) Quantitatited analysis. All of the descriptive information are digitized, this led to the quantitative analysis of lithology, sedimentafy environment, sedimentary system and so on. (3) patterned explaination. Set up a model on the basis of a known spot firstly, then use it in the frontier area. (4) Software-equipped system, i. e., block programme structure, it can data out more than 40000 statements, over 40 figures and 20 more tables. (5) Automatized programme. There are 3 blocks, 8 grades of menu and more than 180 sub-routines that can run as a whole programe or seperately, moreover, the oprator can joint the sub-routines as he will. 4S data, figures and knowledge bank are sub-divided into four sub-reservoirs, they are: original data source, intermediate data, figure and knowledge material. Original data includes the message of outcrups, section of drilling hole, seismic exploitation, sample test, and downwell oil-gas determination; Intermediate data is composed of the data generated during the running of system ; Figure sub-bank consists of the source figure and final figures ; Knowledge sub-bank is the foudation of general concepts and some special concepts, such as sedimentary facies and standard models. There are eight explainning models of 4S that established based on the konwn part of a basin, they are:(1) Time-lithologic sequence Markov chain model. Use the quantificated method of Markov chain to determine the known lithologic sequence, extract out the multi-models of lithofacies,and contrast them with standard models, then confirm the genetic type of the litho-seqquences.Generally, the results will be better if the lithologic assembledge profile is used to analysis the count matrix and transformation matrix of every lithostratigraphic unit.(2) Frenquence spectrum analysis model of time-lithologic sequence. Marke spectrum analysis on the known sequences and identify the maximum cycle and wave band of a certain typical geological feature that found in a sequence.The maximum cycle and wave band should be similar if the sequences have correlated genetic type. That is to say, if a geological phenominon occured in two sequences isochronously and with similar extent, then the sequences should be genetically correlation.(3) Various kind of poly-statistical model: 4S can simulate data by means of funtional relations, it equipped with basically complete poly-statistical methods, and has the digit-opration such as digit wave filter, Fulier period analysis and correlation analysis.(4) Velocity-lithologic assembledge of sedimentary factes model. This model is the basis to explain of the underground facies. It is revealed that as
A Seismic-Sequence Stratigraphy Supplementary System of Sedimentary Basins (abbreviated as 4S) was established by the author based on studies of the basins such as Caidam, Jungar, Erdos, North China and Nanning.4S,which consisting of three main blocks, data of exploration statistics, establishment of quantificational method and the opening of the model, is a microsoft system consistuated of more than 4000 scree statements, its functions include the synthetical data-operation of ground geology, seismology, well logging and sample analysis ; quantitative study many of the problems realated to seismic-sequence stratigraphy of the target stratum such as the sedimentary facies, sedimentary system, flow direction of palaeodrainage, prospect the distribution of source, reservoir and cap rocks of hydrocarbon generation, seismic simulation of the model of two-dimentional sedimentary model, three-dimentional slice of sedimentary sequence and its surficial morphologic image and so on. Both of the data systems used in 4S and the target result are different from the currently adopted ones that used especially for the explaination of seismic data and basin modelling. There are five specialities of 4S: (1) Diversified data. It includes all of the data and statistics of surficial geology, well logging, seismic exploration, sample analysis, downhole oil-gas determination, and digitized concepts and experiences. (2) Quantitatited analysis. All of the descriptive information are digitized, this led to the quantitative analysis of lithology, sedimentafy environment, sedimentary system and so on. (3) patterned explaination. Set up a model on the basis of a known spot firstly, then use it in the frontier area. (4) Software-equipped system, i. e., block programme structure, it can data out more than 40000 statements, over 40 figures and 20 more tables. (5) Automatized programme. There are 3 blocks, 8 grades of menu and more than 180 sub-routines that can run as a whole programe or seperately, moreover, the oprator can joint the sub-routines as he will. 4S data, figures and knowledge bank are sub-divided into four sub-reservoirs, they are: original data source, intermediate data, figure and knowledge material. Original data includes the message of outcrups, section of drilling hole, seismic exploitation, sample test, and downwell oil-gas determination; Intermediate data is composed of the data generated during the running of system ; Figure sub-bank consists of the source figure and final figures ; Knowledge sub-bank is the foudation of general concepts and some special concepts, such as sedimentary facies and standard models. There are eight explainning models of 4S that established based on the konwn part of a basin, they are:(1) Time-lithologic sequence Markov chain model. Use the quantificated method of Markov chain to determine the known lithologic sequence, extract out the multi-models of lithofacies,and contrast them with standard models, then confirm the genetic type of the litho-seqquences.Generally, the results will be better if the lithologic assembledge profile is used to analysis the count matrix and transformation matrix of every lithostratigraphic unit.(2) Frenquence spectrum analysis model of time-lithologic sequence. Marke spectrum analysis on the known sequences and identify the maximum cycle and wave band of a certain typical geological feature that found in a sequence.The maximum cycle and wave band should be similar if the sequences have correlated genetic type. That is to say, if a geological phenominon occured in two sequences isochronously and with similar extent, then the sequences should be genetically correlation.(3) Various kind of poly-statistical model: 4S can simulate data by means of funtional relations, it equipped with basically complete poly-statistical methods, and has the digit-opration such as digit wave filter, Fulier period analysis and correlation analysis.(4) Velocity-lithologic assembledge of sedimentary factes model. This model is the basis to explain of the underground facies. It is revealed that as
引文
王多云等，1992，利用最大熵谱分析进行等时沉积序列的相关住对比，沉积学报，10卷2期，62—68页。王多云等，1992，准噶尔盆地油气地质综合研究．兰州：甘肃科学技术出版社，145—156页。王多云等，1992，准噶尔盆地油气地质综合研究，兰州：甘肃科学技术出版社，300—307页。
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