单点单分量高密度地震采集技术及应用
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摘要
随着油气勘探开发工作的不断深入,面临的地质目标日趋复杂,无论是复杂构造油气藏还是隐蔽油气藏的精细勘探开发,对地震勘探资料的信噪比、分辨率、保真度和成像精度都提出了更高的要求。常规三维地震技术难以适应勘探与开发的需求,迫切需要提高三维地震的精度。单点单分量高密度地震勘探技术为实现这一目标提供了有效的技术手段。单点单分量高密度地震勘探采用空间无假频采样,点源激发、单点接收,变野外组合为室内无时差数字组合,对提高纵/横向分辨率、实现全数字化采集、提高静校正精度、压制规则干扰提高信噪比等十分有利,同时,还有利于开展叠前深度偏移与各向异性研究。随着地震勘探装备技术的发展,实现高密度地震勘探成为现实,并成为今后开展宽频地震勘探、提高地震勘探精度的主要方向之一。推广、应用单点单分量高密度地震勘探技术可为我国东部油田增储上产、查明剩余油分布、提高采收率提供高质量的地震剖面;同时,为西部复杂地区油气勘探开发、南方复杂山地地震、煤田及非常规油气资源勘探开发发挥重要作用。
With the deepening of oil & gas exploration and development and increasing complexity of geological target,the explora tion and development work of both complex structured reservoirs and subtle reservoirs has higher demands for seismic exploration data of SNR,resolution,fidelity and imaging precision.It is urgent to improve the accuracy of three-dimensional seismic as the con ventional three-dimensional seismic technology is hard to meet the requirements of exploration and development.Fortunately,sin gle-point and single-component high density seismic exploration technology can provide an effective technical means to solve the problem.The new technology adopts spatial sampling without aliasing,point source excitation,single-point reception,and trans forms wild combination to indoor synchronization numeric combinations.It is very effective to help to improve vertical/horizontal resolution and statics correction accuracy,to achieve all-digital acquisition and to suppress interference rules in order to improve SNR.Moreover,it can also help to carry out the research of pre-stack depth migration and anisotropy.With the development of seis mic exploration equipment,high density seismic exploration has come true,and it will be the major directions for future broadband seismic exploration and seismic exploration accuracy improvement.Population and application of the new technology will help pro vide high-quality seismic profiles for the improvement of reserves and production,identification of remaining oil distribution and EOR in the oilfields of eastern China.Meanwhile,it will also play an important role in the exploration and development work of the complex oilfields in western China,coalfield,unconventional hydrocarbon resources and southern complex mountain earthquakes.
With the deepening of oil & gas exploration and development and increasing complexity of geological target,the explora tion and development work of both complex structured reservoirs and subtle reservoirs has higher demands for seismic exploration data of SNR,resolution,fidelity and imaging precision.It is urgent to improve the accuracy of three-dimensional seismic as the con ventional three-dimensional seismic technology is hard to meet the requirements of exploration and development.Fortunately,sin gle-point and single-component high density seismic exploration technology can provide an effective technical means to solve the problem.The new technology adopts spatial sampling without aliasing,point source excitation,single-point reception,and trans forms wild combination to indoor synchronization numeric combinations.It is very effective to help to improve vertical/horizontal resolution and statics correction accuracy,to achieve all-digital acquisition and to suppress interference rules in order to improve SNR.Moreover,it can also help to carry out the research of pre-stack depth migration and anisotropy.With the development of seis mic exploration equipment,high density seismic exploration has come true,and it will be the major directions for future broadband seismic exploration and seismic exploration accuracy improvement.Population and application of the new technology will help pro vide high-quality seismic profiles for the improvement of reserves and production,identification of remaining oil distribution and EOR in the oilfields of eastern China.Meanwhile,it will also play an important role in the exploration and development work of the complex oilfields in western China,coalfield,unconventional hydrocarbon resources and southern complex mountain earthquakes.
引文
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6勾永峰,王建民,等.松辽盆地北部高分辨率地震勘探技术及其应用.见:中国石油天然气总公司工程技术与市场部、石油工程技术承包商协会编.物探工程技术交流会论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.70～79
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8袁子龙,等.地震勘探仪器原理[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2006.40～53
9陆基孟,等.地震勘探原理[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1982.1～42;334～341
10王梅生.高密度空间采样地震勘探技术.见:中国石油天然气总公司工程技术与市场部、石油工程技术承包商协会编.物探工程技术交流会论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.114～117
2Baeten G J M,Belougne V,Combee L,et al.Acquisitionand processing of point receiver measurements in land seis mic[A].Expanded Abstract of 70th Annual InternationalSEG Meeting[C],2000,41-44
3Peter I Pecholcs,Richard Hastings James,Nikolai Barsou kov,Abdullah A,Al Ramadhan.Universal land acquisition14 years later.SEG Int'l Exposition and 72nd Annual Meet ing.October,2002.6-11
4张军华,赵宇,等.高密度细分面元资料处理的信噪比评价[M],SEG/SPG年会,2009
5秦晓华,李虹,蔡希玲.高密据度地震数处理技术研究及应用[M],SEG/SPG年会,2009
6勾永峰,王建民,等.松辽盆地北部高分辨率地震勘探技术及其应用.见:中国石油天然气总公司工程技术与市场部、石油工程技术承包商协会编.物探工程技术交流会论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.70～79
7Cai Xiling,Liu Xuewei,et al.Characteristics analysis onhigh density spatial sampling seismic data[J].Applied Geo physics,2006,3(1):48-54
8袁子龙,等.地震勘探仪器原理[M],北京:石油工业出版社,2006.40～53
9陆基孟,等.地震勘探原理[M],北京:石油工业出版社,1982.1～42;334～341
10王梅生.高密度空间采样地震勘探技术.见:中国石油天然气总公司工程技术与市场部、石油工程技术承包商协会编.物探工程技术交流会论文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.114～117
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