基于时程分析的岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定性计算方法
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摘要
提出一种计算岩质高边坡爆破开挖情况下动力稳定性安全系数的时程分析方法。根据爆破振动峰值速度衰减规律和爆破振动速度或加速度时程曲线,可计算得到特定时刻作用在各条块上的爆破振动惯性力,并根据其相位确定惯性力作用方向,然后施加到各条块上。结合刚体极限平衡分析方法中的Sarma方法,即可求得对应于该时刻边坡的稳定性安全系数。以某一时间步长进行整个爆破过程的计算,可得到相应的爆破动力作用下的边坡动力稳定性安全系数时程曲线。该法综合考虑爆破振动的幅值衰减、频谱特性和相位角的变化,突破了拟静力法中用综合影响系数折减爆破荷载的局限性,得出的边坡爆破振动稳定性安全系数随时间的变化规律,可较好地反映边坡稳定性在爆破过程中的变化过程,为优化边坡爆破开挖设计提供依据。
A time history analysis method for calculating the dynamic stability safety factor of high rock slope under excavation blasting is proposed.Based on the attenuation characteristic of the peak vibration velocity,and the time history curve of vibration velocity or acceleration,the inertia forces acting on the slices at given time can be calculated.The inertia forces would be acted on the slices according to their phases.Combined with Sarma method of limit equilibrium analysis,the stability safety factor at given time can be obtained.Analyzing the whole blasting vibration process at a certain time step,then the time history curve of the dynamic stability safety factor of the slope under blasting vibration could be got.In the proposed method,the attenuation of amplitude,the property of frequency spectrum,and phase of blasting vibration are included.The limitation of the conversion about blasting load by using a general coefficient in pseudo-static method is overcame.The time history of the safety factor of rock slope under blasting vibration is obtained,which well reflects the variation of the slope stability during excavation blasting,and can be a reference for the improvement and optimization on blasting design.
A time history analysis method for calculating the dynamic stability safety factor of high rock slope under excavation blasting is proposed.Based on the attenuation characteristic of the peak vibration velocity,and the time history curve of vibration velocity or acceleration,the inertia forces acting on the slices at given time can be calculated.The inertia forces would be acted on the slices according to their phases.Combined with Sarma method of limit equilibrium analysis,the stability safety factor at given time can be obtained.Analyzing the whole blasting vibration process at a certain time step,then the time history curve of the dynamic stability safety factor of the slope under blasting vibration could be got.In the proposed method,the attenuation of amplitude,the property of frequency spectrum,and phase of blasting vibration are included.The limitation of the conversion about blasting load by using a general coefficient in pseudo-static method is overcame.The time history of the safety factor of rock slope under blasting vibration is obtained,which well reflects the variation of the slope stability during excavation blasting,and can be a reference for the improvement and optimization on blasting design.
引文
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[2]孙东亚，彭一江，王兴珍．DDA数值方法在岩质边坡倾倒破坏分析中的应用[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2002，21(1)：39—42．(Sun Dongya,Peng Yijiang,Wang Xingzhen.Application of DDA method in stability analysis of topple rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(1):39-42.(in Chinese)
[3]Hatzora Y H,Arzib A A Zaslavskyc Y,et al.Dynamic stability analysis of jointed rock slopes using the DDA method:King Herod's Palace,Masada,Israel[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(5):813-832.
[4]电力工业部西北勘测设计研究院．岩质高边坡开挖及加固措施研究[R]．西安：电力工业部西北勘测设计研究院，1995．(Northwest Investigation Design and Research Institute.Research on the excavation and reinforcement of high rock slope[R].Xi'an:Northwest Investigation Design and Research Institute,1995.(in Chinese)
[5]Chen S G,Zhao J.A study on UDEC modeling for blast wave propagation in jointed rock masses[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,1998,35(1):93-99.
[6]Esaki T,Jiang Y,Bhattarai T N,et al.Stability analysis and reinforcement system design in a progressively failed steep rock slope by the distinct element method[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,1998,35(4/5):664-666.
[7]张有天，周维垣．岩石高边坡的变形与稳定[M]：北京：中国水利水电出版社，1999．(Zhang Youtian,Zhou Weiyuan.The Deformation and Stability of High Rock Slope[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[8]刘亚群，李海波，李俊如，等爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2004，23(21):3659-3663.(Liu Yaqun,Li Haibo,Li Junru,et al.UDEC simulation on dynamic response of rock slope of Huangmailing phosphorite mine under explosion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3659-3663.(in Chinese))
[9]Toki K,Miura F,Oguni Y.Dynamic slope stability analyses with a nonlinear finite element method(J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1985,13(2):151-171.
[10]李启发．爆破地震波对岩质边坡稳定性的影响[J]．爆破，1995，12(3):1-4.(Li Qifa.The effect of detonating on the stability of a rocky slope[J].Blasting,1995,12(3):1-4.(in Chinese))
[11]田洁，王克成，刘恭忍，等．复杂岩质边坡开挖爆破下的动力响应分析[J]．水利学报，1998，(增1)：38—43．(Tian Jie,Wang Kecheng,Liu Gongren,et al.Dynamic response analysis of blasting in excavation of complex rock mass slope[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1998,(Supp.1):38-43.(in Chinese))
[12]唐洪祥，邵龙潭．地震动力作用下有限元土石坝边坡稳定性分析[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2004，23(8)：1318-1324(Tang Hongxiang，Shao Longtan.Finite element analysis of slope stability of earth-rock dam under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1318-1324.(in Chinese))
[13]何蕴龙．岩质边坡施工爆破振动加速度近似计算方法[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，1996，15(1)：19—25(He Yunlong An approximate calculation method for the accelerations in the rock slope under blasting construction[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1996,15(1):19-25.(in Chinese))
[14]伺蕴龙，舒大强，陆述远，等．施工爆破震动激励下岩质边坡震动响应加速度场构计算方法[J]．武汉水利电力大学学报，1997，30(3)：39-42.(He Yunlong,Shu Daqiang,Lu Shuyuan,et al.Calculation method for responsive acceleration field in the rock slope under blasting construction[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electric Engineering,1997,30(3):39-42.(in Chinese))
[15]舒大强，何蕴龙，董振华．岩质高边坡开挖爆破震动荷载及其对边坡稳定性影响的研究[J]．工程爆破，1996，2(4)：39—43(Shu Daqiang,He Yunlong,Dong Zhenhua.Research on vibration load from excavation blasting and its influence on stability of rock highslope[J].Engineering Blasting,1996,2(4):39-43.(in Chinese))
[16]Zhang J H,Fan J W,He J D.Dynamic safety evaluation of slopes or dam foundations using rigid body-spring element method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(4):387-391.
[17]Zhang J H,He J D,Fan J W.Static and dynamic stability assessment of slopes or dam foundations using a rigid body-spring element method[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38(8):1081-1090.
[18]张永哲，甄胜利．漫湾电站开挖爆破对高边坡动力稳定影响的分析研究[J]．工程爆破，1996，2(1)：1-11．(Zhang Yongzhe,Zhen Shengli.Study on effect of excavation blasting on dynamic stability of high rock slope at Manwan Hydropower Station[J].Engineering Blasting,1996,2(1):1-11.(in Chinese))
[19]甄胜利．岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定分析研究[A]．见：工程爆破文集(第五辑)[C]．武汉：中国地质大学出版社，1993．110-113.(Zhen Shengli.Study on the dynamic stability of high rock slope under excavation blasting[A].In:Conference of Engineering Blasting(No.5)[C].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1993.110-113.(in Chinese))
[20]卢文波，赖吐骧，朱传云．岩石高边坡爆破震动动力稳定分析[J]．矿冶工程，1996，16(1)：3—7．(Lu Wenbo,Lai Shixiang,Zhu Chuanyun.Analysis of the dynamic stability of rock slopes under blasting vibration conditions[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,1996,16(1):3-7.(in Chinese))
[2]孙东亚，彭一江，王兴珍．DDA数值方法在岩质边坡倾倒破坏分析中的应用[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2002，21(1)：39—42．(Sun Dongya,Peng Yijiang,Wang Xingzhen.Application of DDA method in stability analysis of topple rock slope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2002,21(1):39-42.(in Chinese)
[3]Hatzora Y H,Arzib A A Zaslavskyc Y,et al.Dynamic stability analysis of jointed rock slopes using the DDA method:King Herod's Palace,Masada,Israel[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2004,41(5):813-832.
[4]电力工业部西北勘测设计研究院．岩质高边坡开挖及加固措施研究[R]．西安：电力工业部西北勘测设计研究院，1995．(Northwest Investigation Design and Research Institute.Research on the excavation and reinforcement of high rock slope[R].Xi'an:Northwest Investigation Design and Research Institute,1995.(in Chinese)
[5]Chen S G,Zhao J.A study on UDEC modeling for blast wave propagation in jointed rock masses[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,1998,35(1):93-99.
[6]Esaki T,Jiang Y,Bhattarai T N,et al.Stability analysis and reinforcement system design in a progressively failed steep rock slope by the distinct element method[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci.,1998,35(4/5):664-666.
[7]张有天，周维垣．岩石高边坡的变形与稳定[M]：北京：中国水利水电出版社，1999．(Zhang Youtian,Zhou Weiyuan.The Deformation and Stability of High Rock Slope[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1999.(in Chinese))
[8]刘亚群，李海波，李俊如，等爆破荷载作用下黄麦岭磷矿岩质边坡动态响应的UDEC模拟研究[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2004，23(21):3659-3663.(Liu Yaqun,Li Haibo,Li Junru,et al.UDEC simulation on dynamic response of rock slope of Huangmailing phosphorite mine under explosion[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(21):3659-3663.(in Chinese))
[9]Toki K,Miura F,Oguni Y.Dynamic slope stability analyses with a nonlinear finite element method(J].Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics,1985,13(2):151-171.
[10]李启发．爆破地震波对岩质边坡稳定性的影响[J]．爆破，1995，12(3):1-4.(Li Qifa.The effect of detonating on the stability of a rocky slope[J].Blasting,1995,12(3):1-4.(in Chinese))
[11]田洁，王克成，刘恭忍，等．复杂岩质边坡开挖爆破下的动力响应分析[J]．水利学报，1998，(增1)：38—43．(Tian Jie,Wang Kecheng,Liu Gongren,et al.Dynamic response analysis of blasting in excavation of complex rock mass slope[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,1998,(Supp.1):38-43.(in Chinese))
[12]唐洪祥，邵龙潭．地震动力作用下有限元土石坝边坡稳定性分析[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，2004，23(8)：1318-1324(Tang Hongxiang，Shao Longtan.Finite element analysis of slope stability of earth-rock dam under earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1318-1324.(in Chinese))
[13]何蕴龙．岩质边坡施工爆破振动加速度近似计算方法[J]．岩石力学与工程学报，1996，15(1)：19—25(He Yunlong An approximate calculation method for the accelerations in the rock slope under blasting construction[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1996,15(1):19-25.(in Chinese))
[14]伺蕴龙，舒大强，陆述远，等．施工爆破震动激励下岩质边坡震动响应加速度场构计算方法[J]．武汉水利电力大学学报，1997，30(3)：39-42.(He Yunlong,Shu Daqiang,Lu Shuyuan,et al.Calculation method for responsive acceleration field in the rock slope under blasting construction[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Hydraulic and Electric Engineering,1997,30(3):39-42.(in Chinese))
[15]舒大强，何蕴龙，董振华．岩质高边坡开挖爆破震动荷载及其对边坡稳定性影响的研究[J]．工程爆破，1996，2(4)：39—43(Shu Daqiang,He Yunlong,Dong Zhenhua.Research on vibration load from excavation blasting and its influence on stability of rock highslope[J].Engineering Blasting,1996,2(4):39-43.(in Chinese))
[16]Zhang J H,Fan J W,He J D.Dynamic safety evaluation of slopes or dam foundations using rigid body-spring element method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,1999,18(4):387-391.
[17]Zhang J H,He J D,Fan J W.Static and dynamic stability assessment of slopes or dam foundations using a rigid body-spring element method[J].International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences,2001,38(8):1081-1090.
[18]张永哲，甄胜利．漫湾电站开挖爆破对高边坡动力稳定影响的分析研究[J]．工程爆破，1996，2(1)：1-11．(Zhang Yongzhe,Zhen Shengli.Study on effect of excavation blasting on dynamic stability of high rock slope at Manwan Hydropower Station[J].Engineering Blasting,1996,2(1):1-11.(in Chinese))
[19]甄胜利．岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定分析研究[A]．见：工程爆破文集(第五辑)[C]．武汉：中国地质大学出版社，1993．110-113.(Zhen Shengli.Study on the dynamic stability of high rock slope under excavation blasting[A].In:Conference of Engineering Blasting(No.5)[C].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1993.110-113.(in Chinese))
[20]卢文波，赖吐骧，朱传云．岩石高边坡爆破震动动力稳定分析[J]．矿冶工程，1996，16(1)：3—7．(Lu Wenbo,Lai Shixiang,Zhu Chuanyun.Analysis of the dynamic stability of rock slopes under blasting vibration conditions[J].Mining and Metallurgical Engineering,1996,16(1):3-7.(in Chinese))
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