泄流激励下高拱坝原型动力测试的传感器优化布置与参数识别研究
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摘要
本文以二滩拱坝为例,研究了基于QR分解和MAC准则(模态置信度准则)的高拱坝传感器优化布置方法。首先,基于有限元模态分析获取的可测点振型进行了QR分解,以确定传感器的初始位置;其次,通过逐步累积使MAC矩阵最大非对角元最小,以确定最优测点数量及位置;最后,提出了二滩拱坝原型动力测试的传感器优化布置。基于该传感器优化配置结果,开展了二滩拱坝泄洪振动原型动力测试和模态参数识别。结果表明,测点优化后的识别结果不仅能保证识别精度,而且识别出了更高阶次的模态参数。这种方法可为开展泄流条件下高拱坝动力测试与健康诊断的合理测点布置提供理论参考。
Taking Ertan Arch Dam as a study case,the optimal layout of sensors for high arch dam is studied herein based on QR decomposition and MAC criterion.Firstly,the QR decomposition is made on the vibration mode of the measurable points obtained on the basis of the finite element modal analysis to determine the initial positions of sensors;secondly,the maximum non-diagonal elements of the MAC matrix are minimized through the gradual accumulation to determine the optimal numbers and positions of the measuring points;finally,the optimal layout of sensors for the prototype dynamic test of Ertan Arch Dam is proposed.Based on the optimized allocation of the sensors,the prototype dynamic test and parameter identification under flood discharge excitation for Ertan Arch Dam are carried out.The result shows that the result of the identification after the optimization concerned can not only ensure the accuracy of the identification,but can identify the modal parameters of more high-orders.This method can provide a theoretical reference for the reasonable layout of the measuring points for both the dynamic test and the safety health diagnosis of high arch dam under flood discharge excitation.
Taking Ertan Arch Dam as a study case,the optimal layout of sensors for high arch dam is studied herein based on QR decomposition and MAC criterion.Firstly,the QR decomposition is made on the vibration mode of the measurable points obtained on the basis of the finite element modal analysis to determine the initial positions of sensors;secondly,the maximum non-diagonal elements of the MAC matrix are minimized through the gradual accumulation to determine the optimal numbers and positions of the measuring points;finally,the optimal layout of sensors for the prototype dynamic test of Ertan Arch Dam is proposed.Based on the optimized allocation of the sensors,the prototype dynamic test and parameter identification under flood discharge excitation for Ertan Arch Dam are carried out.The result shows that the result of the identification after the optimization concerned can not only ensure the accuracy of the identification,but can identify the modal parameters of more high-orders.This method can provide a theoretical reference for the reasonable layout of the measuring points for both the dynamic test and the safety health diagnosis of high arch dam under flood discharge excitation.
引文
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[6]李火坤,张建伟,练继建,等.泄流条件下的溢流坝结构原型动力测试与模态参数识别[J].中国农村水利水电,2009,12:99-102.
[7]李火坤,练继建.高拱坝泄流激励下基于频域法的工作模态参数识别[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(7):149-153.
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[12]练继建.二滩拱坝及地下厂房结构振动测试与反馈分析[R].天津:天津大学建筑工程学院,2009.
[2]苏克忠,郭永刚,常延改,等.大坝原型动力试验[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
[3]李火坤,练继建,杨敏,等.强震后基于泄流激励的映秀湾水电站拦河闸动态检测与损伤评估研究[J].振动与冲击,2010,29(9):64-68.
[4]李火坤,练继建.三峡左导墙泄洪振动原型观测及其动态识别与安全评估[J].水利水运工程学报,2010(9):59-64.
[5]LIAN Jijian,LI Huokun,ZHANG Jianwei.ERA Modal Identifica-tion Method for Hydraulic Structures Based on Order Determinationand Noise Reduction of Singular Entropy[J].Sci China Ser E-TechSci.2009,52(2):400-412.
[6]李火坤,张建伟,练继建,等.泄流条件下的溢流坝结构原型动力测试与模态参数识别[J].中国农村水利水电,2009,12:99-102.
[7]李火坤,练继建.高拱坝泄流激励下基于频域法的工作模态参数识别[J].振动与冲击,2008,27(7):149-153.
[8]Kammer D C.Sensor placement for on-orbit modal identification andCorrelation of large space structures[J].Control and Dynamics,1991,14(2):251-259.
[9]练继建,杨敏,等.高坝泄流工程[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2008.
[10]杨剑,王进廷,王吉焕,等.二滩拱坝及坝基材料参数反馈分析[J].水力发电学报,2008,27(2):78-83.
[11]Westergard HM.Water pressures on dams during earthquakes[J].ASCE,1933,98:418-433.
[12]练继建.二滩拱坝及地下厂房结构振动测试与反馈分析[R].天津:天津大学建筑工程学院,2009.
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