地下结构抗震设计方法的比较与分析
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摘要
在日本阪神大地震中,地下结构遭到了严重破坏,因此地下结构的地震反应及抗震设计和安全性评价越来越被重视。首先采用矩形地下结构的两种抗震设计方法——拟静力法和反应位移法对北京地铁北宫门车站进行了抗震计算,并使用计算软件FLAC4.0对北宫门车站进行了时程分析,发现拟静力法对地震荷载过于简化,致使其过低估计了地震对地下结构的影响;而反应位移法较合理地反应了地震荷载对地下结构的影响;地震中的惯性力对地下结构的内力影响不大,地震剪应力对结构的内力影响最大;并且,通过软件FLAC时程分析,得到的位移等反应规律与反应位移法的假设相同,计算得到的弯矩值与采用反应位移法计算得到的弯矩值相近。因此,推荐首先采用反应位移法进行地下结构的抗震设计。
The Great Hanshin earthquake in Japan brought about serious damages to some underground reinforced concrete structures,thereupon the research on the aseismic design and the safety estimation of underground structures has attracted special attention.By means of quasi-static and displacement response methods respectively,the aseismic analyses of Beigongmen station of Beijing subway were performed and by adopting software FLAC4.0 the dynamic numerical analysis was also carried out.It was found that the earthquake loads were excessively simplified in the quasi-static method and the earthquake influence on the underground structure was underestimated while in the displacement response method the earthquake responses were basically reasonably addressed.Besides,inertial force in the earthquake exerted a small influence on the underground structures while shearing force affected the underground structures to a large extent.Moreover,the response regulations of the relative displacements and so on in FLAC method agreed with the assumptions of the displacement response method,and the calculated moment values by FLAC were approximate with those obtained by the displacement response method.Therefore,the displacement response method is recommended for the aseismic design of underground structures.
The Great Hanshin earthquake in Japan brought about serious damages to some underground reinforced concrete structures,thereupon the research on the aseismic design and the safety estimation of underground structures has attracted special attention.By means of quasi-static and displacement response methods respectively,the aseismic analyses of Beigongmen station of Beijing subway were performed and by adopting software FLAC4.0 the dynamic numerical analysis was also carried out.It was found that the earthquake loads were excessively simplified in the quasi-static method and the earthquake influence on the underground structure was underestimated while in the displacement response method the earthquake responses were basically reasonably addressed.Besides,inertial force in the earthquake exerted a small influence on the underground structures while shearing force affected the underground structures to a large extent.Moreover,the response regulations of the relative displacements and so on in FLAC method agreed with the assumptions of the displacement response method,and the calculated moment values by FLAC were approximate with those obtained by the displacement response method.Therefore,the displacement response method is recommended for the aseismic design of underground structures.
引文
[1]Yasuhiro Hayashi,Kazuo Tamura.Masafumi Mori and Ikuo Takahashi,Simulation analyses of buildings damaged in the 1995 Kobe,Japan,Earthquake considering soil-structure interaction[J].Earthquake engineering and structural dynamics,28,1991,P371~391
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[9]边金,陶连金,郭军.浅埋地下结构和土层在动荷载作用下的反应分析[J].世界地震工程,2005,(4):49~53BIAN Jin,TAO Lianjin,GUO Jun.Dynamic response of the underground structure and soil[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2005,(4):49~53
[2]Xuehui An,AAshraf A.Shawky,Koichi Maekawa,The collapse mechanism of a subway station during the Great Hanshin Earthquake[J].Cement and Concrete Composites 19,1997,P241~257
[3]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京,地震出版社,1988,71～72HU Yuxian.Earthquake engineering[M].Beijing:Earthquake Publishing House,1998,71~72
[4]黄先锋.地下结构的抗震计算--位移响应法[J].铁道建筑,1999,(6):3~6HUANG Xianfeng.Seismic calculation of underground structute,the displacement response methode[J].Railway Engineering,1999,(6):3~6
[5]关于当前新建构筑物抗震设计的参考资料[R].日本财团法人铁道综合技术研究所References on seismic design of newbuildings[R].Japanese Railway Comprehensive Technique Research Institute
[6]大型地下结构的抗震设计指南[S],日本建设部土木研究所地震防灾部抗震研究室,1992Guidelines for seismic design of large underground structures[S].Earthquake Research Division,Earthquake Disaster PreventionDepartment,Civil Engineering Reseach Institute,the Ministry of Construction Japan,1992
[7]台北都会区捷运系统工程--土木工程设计手册[S].台北市政府捷运工程局,2002The Taipei Rapid Transit System,Civil Engineering Design Manual[S],Department of Rapid Transit Systems,Taipei city,2002
[8]潘昌实.隧道及地下结构物抗震问题的研究概况[J].世界隧道,1996,(5):7～16PAN Changshi.A reviewon seismic research of tunnelling and underground works[J],World Tunnelling,1996,(5):7~16
[9]边金,陶连金,郭军.浅埋地下结构和土层在动荷载作用下的反应分析[J].世界地震工程,2005,(4):49~53BIAN Jin,TAO Lianjin,GUO Jun.Dynamic response of the underground structure and soil[J].World Earthquake Engineering,2005,(4):49~53
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