细粒浊积体的油气地质意义
|
摘要
在综合前人研究成果的基础上,结合我国南海北部边缘盆地的一些具体勘探实例,从宏观到微观,在不同尺度上论述了细粒浊积体储层的地震反射特征、测井曲线特征及其内部结构特征。在地震剖面上,细粒浊积体主要表现为上扇的下切谷充填、斜坡扇以及盆底扇。它们的地震反射特征总体为中—弱振幅双向下超在层序界面上,而且由于浊流砂体的沉积速度快,常形成薄的砂泥互层,所以其自然电位曲线总体反映为中—低幅度的齿形叠加,其理想的自然伽马测井曲线的形状也表现为不同类型的齿状箱形或齿形叠加。其内部结构特征,除具有细粒薄层的特点外,常还有异常超压的形成。超压不但能使细粒浊积体保留大量原生孔隙,而且还能通过影响成岩作用来溶蚀长石而使细粒浊积体形成部分次生孔隙,因此其储层物性较好。
On the basis of reviewing predecessors' research results,combined with some cases of South China Sea,this paper summarizes the internal characteristics of finegrained turbidites in various scales by means of seismic and logs data.Finegrained turbidites include incised valley,slope fan and basinfloor fan,downlapping bidirectionally on sequence surfaces with middle or low amplitude in the seismic profiles.The turbidite sequence is characterized by interbeds of relative thin sandy shales and mudstones because of the rapid sedimentation,showing a pattern of sawtooth with middle to low relief in the SP logs and gammaray curves.Therefore,overpressure usually develops in turbidite system,which not only prevents compaction of lithology,but also is helpful for the formation of secondary pores due to the solution of feldspar through diagenesis.Hence,reservoirs with better quality have been developed in the turbidite systems.
On the basis of reviewing predecessors' research results,combined with some cases of South China Sea,this paper summarizes the internal characteristics of finegrained turbidites in various scales by means of seismic and logs data.Finegrained turbidites include incised valley,slope fan and basinfloor fan,downlapping bidirectionally on sequence surfaces with middle or low amplitude in the seismic profiles.The turbidite sequence is characterized by interbeds of relative thin sandy shales and mudstones because of the rapid sedimentation,showing a pattern of sawtooth with middle to low relief in the SP logs and gammaray curves.Therefore,overpressure usually develops in turbidite system,which not only prevents compaction of lithology,but also is helpful for the formation of secondary pores due to the solution of feldspar through diagenesis.Hence,reservoirs with better quality have been developed in the turbidite systems.
引文
解习农 ,任建业 ,刘晓峰 ,等 .莺东斜坡带中南段层序充填特征与天然气有利勘探方向研究 [R]. 2 0 0 1
[1] StowDAV,MayllM.Deep-watersedimentarysystem:Newmodelsforthe21stcentury[J].MarineandPetroleumGeolo-gy,2000,17:125-135.
[2] WeserOE.Deep-WaterOilSandReservoirs——AncientCaseHistoriesandModernConcepts[A].In:Anon.AAPGContinu-ingEducationcourseNotesSeries16[M].Tulas:AAPG,1978.11-14.
[3] 赵文智,池英柳.渤海湾盆地含油气层系统区域分布规律与主控因素[J].石油学报,2000,21(1):10-16.
[4] 孙龙德.东营凹陷中央隆起带沉积体系及隐蔽油气藏[J].新疆石油地质,2000,21(2):123-127.
[5] WeimerP,LinkMH.SeismicFaciesandSedimentaryProcess-esofSubmarineFansandTurbiditeSystems[M].NewYork:Springer-Verlag,1991.447.
[6] WeimerP,BoumaAH,PerkinsBF.Submarinefansandtur-biditesystms,sequencestratigraphy,reservoirarchitectureandproductioncharacteristics[A].In:Anon.GulfofMexicoandInternational:GulfCoastSectionoftheSEPMFoundation15thAnnualResearchConferenceProceedings[C].Tulsa:SEPM,1994.440.
[7] PickeringKT,HiscottRN,KenyouNH,etal.AtlasofDeep-WaterEnvironments:ArchitecturalStyleinTurbiditeSystems[M].London:ChapmanandHall,1995.333.
[8] PratherBE,BoothJR,SteffensGS.Classification,lithologiccalibration,andstratigraphicsuccessionofseismicfaciesofin-traslopebasins[J].AAPGBulletin,1998,82:701-728.
[9] BoumaAH,LeeGH,vanAntwerpenO,etal.ChannelCom-plexArchitectureofFine-GrainedSubmarineFansattheBaseofSlope[M].GulfCoastAssociationofGeologicalSocietiesTransactions45.Julsa:AAPG,1995.65-70.
[10]BoumaAH.Fine-grained,mud-richturbiditesystems:Modelandcomparisonwithcoarse-grained,sand-richsystems[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditeSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpecialPublication68.UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.9-20.
[11]DamuthJE,KumarN.AmazonCone:Morphology,sediments,growthpattern[J].GeologicalSocietyofAmericaBulletin,1975,86:863-878.
[12]MooreGT,StarkeGW,BonhamLC,etal.MississippiFan,GulfofMexico——Physiography,Stratigraphy,andsedimen-tationpatterns.In:BoumaAH,MooreGT,ColemanJM.Framework,FaciesandOil-TrappingCharacteristicsoftheUpperContinentalMargin:AAPGStudiesinGeology7[M].UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,1978.155-191.
[13]KendrickJW.TurbiditereservoirarchitectureintheGulfofMexico——Insightsfromfielddevelopment[A].In:Anon.De-velopingandManagingTurbiditeReservoirs:CaseHistoriesandExperiences(Abs.)(EAGE/AAPG3rdResearchSympo-sium)[C].Oxford:BlackwellScienceLtd.,1998.
[14]PeakallJ,McCaffreyWD,KnellerBC,etal.Aprocessmodelfortheevolutionofsubmarinefanchannels:Implicationsforsedimentaryarchitecture[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditeSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpe-cialPublication68.UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.73-88.
[15]ClemenceauG,ColbertJ,LockettF,etal.DevelopmentdrillingresultsfromselecteddeepwaterGulfofMexicofields——Im-plicationsonturbiditereservoircharacterizationandproductionperformanceprediction(Abs.)[A].In:Anon.DevelopingandManagingTurbiditeReservoirs:CaseHistoriesandExperiences(EAGE/AAPG3dResearchSymposium)[C].Oxford:Black-wellScienceLtd.,1998.
[16]RozmanDJ.Characterizationofafine-grainedoutersubmarinefandeposit,Tanqua-KarooBasin,SouthAfrica[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditesSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpecialPublication68.UniteKing:Geologi-calSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.279-290.
[17]姜涛,解习农,任建业,等.莺歌海盆地浊积体的形成背景及沉积特征[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2001,26(增):27-31.
[18]王允诚.油气储层评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.55.
[19]HansenSM,FettT.Identificationandevaluationofturbiditeandotherdeepwatersandsusingopenholelogsandboreholeimages[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditeSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpecialPublication68.UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.317-338.
[20]刘铁树,何仕斌.南海北部陆缘盆地深水区油气勘探前景[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,(3):8-11.
[1] StowDAV,MayllM.Deep-watersedimentarysystem:Newmodelsforthe21stcentury[J].MarineandPetroleumGeolo-gy,2000,17:125-135.
[2] WeserOE.Deep-WaterOilSandReservoirs——AncientCaseHistoriesandModernConcepts[A].In:Anon.AAPGContinu-ingEducationcourseNotesSeries16[M].Tulas:AAPG,1978.11-14.
[3] 赵文智,池英柳.渤海湾盆地含油气层系统区域分布规律与主控因素[J].石油学报,2000,21(1):10-16.
[4] 孙龙德.东营凹陷中央隆起带沉积体系及隐蔽油气藏[J].新疆石油地质,2000,21(2):123-127.
[5] WeimerP,LinkMH.SeismicFaciesandSedimentaryProcess-esofSubmarineFansandTurbiditeSystems[M].NewYork:Springer-Verlag,1991.447.
[6] WeimerP,BoumaAH,PerkinsBF.Submarinefansandtur-biditesystms,sequencestratigraphy,reservoirarchitectureandproductioncharacteristics[A].In:Anon.GulfofMexicoandInternational:GulfCoastSectionoftheSEPMFoundation15thAnnualResearchConferenceProceedings[C].Tulsa:SEPM,1994.440.
[7] PickeringKT,HiscottRN,KenyouNH,etal.AtlasofDeep-WaterEnvironments:ArchitecturalStyleinTurbiditeSystems[M].London:ChapmanandHall,1995.333.
[8] PratherBE,BoothJR,SteffensGS.Classification,lithologiccalibration,andstratigraphicsuccessionofseismicfaciesofin-traslopebasins[J].AAPGBulletin,1998,82:701-728.
[9] BoumaAH,LeeGH,vanAntwerpenO,etal.ChannelCom-plexArchitectureofFine-GrainedSubmarineFansattheBaseofSlope[M].GulfCoastAssociationofGeologicalSocietiesTransactions45.Julsa:AAPG,1995.65-70.
[10]BoumaAH.Fine-grained,mud-richturbiditesystems:Modelandcomparisonwithcoarse-grained,sand-richsystems[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditeSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpecialPublication68.UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.9-20.
[11]DamuthJE,KumarN.AmazonCone:Morphology,sediments,growthpattern[J].GeologicalSocietyofAmericaBulletin,1975,86:863-878.
[12]MooreGT,StarkeGW,BonhamLC,etal.MississippiFan,GulfofMexico——Physiography,Stratigraphy,andsedimen-tationpatterns.In:BoumaAH,MooreGT,ColemanJM.Framework,FaciesandOil-TrappingCharacteristicsoftheUpperContinentalMargin:AAPGStudiesinGeology7[M].UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,1978.155-191.
[13]KendrickJW.TurbiditereservoirarchitectureintheGulfofMexico——Insightsfromfielddevelopment[A].In:Anon.De-velopingandManagingTurbiditeReservoirs:CaseHistoriesandExperiences(Abs.)(EAGE/AAPG3rdResearchSympo-sium)[C].Oxford:BlackwellScienceLtd.,1998.
[14]PeakallJ,McCaffreyWD,KnellerBC,etal.Aprocessmodelfortheevolutionofsubmarinefanchannels:Implicationsforsedimentaryarchitecture[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditeSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpe-cialPublication68.UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.73-88.
[15]ClemenceauG,ColbertJ,LockettF,etal.DevelopmentdrillingresultsfromselecteddeepwaterGulfofMexicofields——Im-plicationsonturbiditereservoircharacterizationandproductionperformanceprediction(Abs.)[A].In:Anon.DevelopingandManagingTurbiditeReservoirs:CaseHistoriesandExperiences(EAGE/AAPG3dResearchSymposium)[C].Oxford:Black-wellScienceLtd.,1998.
[16]RozmanDJ.Characterizationofafine-grainedoutersubmarinefandeposit,Tanqua-KarooBasin,SouthAfrica[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditesSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpecialPublication68.UniteKing:Geologi-calSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.279-290.
[17]姜涛,解习农,任建业,等.莺歌海盆地浊积体的形成背景及沉积特征[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2001,26(增):27-31.
[18]王允诚.油气储层评价[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1999.55.
[19]HansenSM,FettT.Identificationandevaluationofturbiditeandotherdeepwatersandsusingopenholelogsandboreholeimages[A].In:BoumaAH,StoneCG.Fine-GrainedTurbiditeSystems[C].AAPGMemoir72/SEPMSpecialPublication68.UniteKing:GeologicalSocietyPublishingHouse,2000.317-338.
[20]刘铁树,何仕斌.南海北部陆缘盆地深水区油气勘探前景[J].中国海上油气(地质),2001,(3):8-11.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心