利用大地电磁资料对玄武岩成像的可行性(英文)
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摘要
磁大地电流法(MT)已成为有助于地下盐和地下玄武岩地震成像的有利方法之一。本文印度卡奇地区(这个地区玄武岩覆盖了中生代沉积岩)。并讨论了利用MT方法作为这样地质背景地区勘探工具的可能性。我们的结果突出了由侵入薄层玄武岩引起的磁大地电流响应的差别。本文讨论的关键问题是在这样的地质背景条件下MT方法能够或不能提供什么。首先我们利用了具有代表性的电阻率一深度模型和研究区的井资料计算了视电阻率和相位响应曲线,然后对这些结果的对比分析,评估了利用MT对Kachchh地区地下火成岩沉积成像的合理性。最后,通过对这个地区野外观测的MT资料一维反演证实了我们的讨论。
The magnetotelluric (MT) method has been among the favorite supporting tools for seismic imaging of sub-salt and sub-basalt targets. In this paper we present an example from Kachchh, India (where basaltic rocks overlie Mesozoic sedimentary rocks), and discuss the feasibility of using MT method as an exploration tool in this geological setting. Our results highlight the difference in magnetotelluric response caused by the thin intra-basalt layering. The key issue addressed in this paper is what MT can and cannot provide in such geological settings. First, we compute apparent resistivity and phase response curves using representative resistivity-depth models and borehole data from the study area. Later, we compare these results to assess the plausibility of using MT to image the sub-volcanic sediments at Kachchh. Finally, we substantiate our discussion through one-dimensional inversion of the field observed MT data from this region that exhibits poor sensitivity of MT for thin basalt layers.
The magnetotelluric (MT) method has been among the favorite supporting tools for seismic imaging of sub-salt and sub-basalt targets. In this paper we present an example from Kachchh, India (where basaltic rocks overlie Mesozoic sedimentary rocks), and discuss the feasibility of using MT method as an exploration tool in this geological setting. Our results highlight the difference in magnetotelluric response caused by the thin intra-basalt layering. The key issue addressed in this paper is what MT can and cannot provide in such geological settings. First, we compute apparent resistivity and phase response curves using representative resistivity-depth models and borehole data from the study area. Later, we compare these results to assess the plausibility of using MT to image the sub-volcanic sediments at Kachchh. Finally, we substantiate our discussion through one-dimensional inversion of the field observed MT data from this region that exhibits poor sensitivity of MT for thin basalt layers.
引文
Biswas, S. K.,1982, Rift basins in western margin of India and their hydrocarbon prospects with special reference to Kutch basin: American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 66(10), 1497-1513.
Biswas, S. K.,1987, Regional tectonic framework, structure and evolution of the western marginal basins of India: Tectonophysics, 135(4), 307 - 327.
Biswas, S. K.,1993, Geology of Bombay offshore shelf and hydrocarbon occurrences:lndian Journal of Geology, 65(4), 215-245.
Constable, S. C, Parker, R. L, and Constable, G. C.,1987, Occam's inversion: A practical algorithm for generating smooth models from electromagnetic sounding data: Geophysical Prospecting, 52(3), 289 - 300.
Deshpande, S. V., and Merh, S. S., 1980, Mesozoic sedimentary model of Wagad hills, Kutch, western India. Journal of Geological Society of India, 21, 75 -83.
Groom, R. W., and Bailey, R. C, 1989, Decomposition of magnetotelluric impedance tensors in the presence of local three-dimensional galvanic distortion. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94(B2):1913 - 1925.
Gupta, H. K., Harinarayana, T., Kousalya, M., Mishra, D.C., Indra Mohan, Puranachandra Rao, N., Raju, P. S., Rastogi, B.K., Reddy, P. R., and Sarkar, D., 2001, Bhuj Earthquake of 26th January, 2001: Journal of Geological Society of India, 57, 275 - 278.
Harinarayana, T., Abdul Azeez, K.K., Murthy, D.N., Veeraswamy, K., Eknath Rao, S.P.,Manoj, C, and Naganjaneyulu, K., 2006, Exploration of geothermal structure in Puga geothermal field, Ladakh Himalayas, India by magnetotelluric studies: Journal of Applied Geophysics, 58, 280-295.
Hoverston, G.M., Constable, S.C., and Morrison, H.F., 2000, Marine magnetotellurics for base of salt mapping: Gulf of Mexico field test at the Gemini structure: Geophysics, 65, 1476 - 1488.
Hoversten, G. M.,1996, Papua New Guinea MT: Looking where seismic is blind: Geophysical Prospecting, 44, 935-961.
Ingham, M. R., 1988, The use of invariant impedances in magnetotelluric interpretation: Geophysical Journal International, 92, 165- 169.
MacGregor, L.M., 2003, Joint analysis of marine active and passive source EM data for subsalt or sub-basalt imaging: Extended Abstract in 65th EAGE Conference and Exhibition, F-18.
Marquardt, D. W. 1963, An algorithm for least-squares estimation of nonlinear parameters: Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 431 -441.
Manglik, A. and Verma, S. K.,1998, Delineation of sediments below flood basalts by joint inversion of seismic and magnetotelluric data: Geophysical Research Letters, 25, 4015 -4018.
Meju, M. A.,1996, Joint inversion of TEM and distorted MT soundings: Some effective practical considerations: Geophysics, 61, 56 - 65.
Meju, M. A., 2002, Geoelectromagnetic exploration for natural resources: Models, case studies and challenges: Surveys in Geophysics, 23(2 - 3), 133 - 205.
Meju, M. A., Fontes, S. L., Oliveira, M. F. B., Lima, J. P. R., Ulugergerli, E. U., and Carrasquilla, A. A., 1999, Regional aquifer mapping using combined VES- TEMAMT/ EMAP methods in the semi-arid eastern margin of Parnaiba basin, Brazil: Geophysics, 64, 337 - 356.
Misra, K., 1999, Deccan volcanics in Saurashtra and Kutch, Gujarat, India. In Subbarao, K. V., Editor, Memoir of Geological Society of India, Geological Society of India, volume 1, 325 - 334.
Morrison, F., Shoham, Y., Hoversten, G. M., and Torres- Verdin, C, 1996, Electromagnetic mapping of the electrical conductivity beneath the Columbia basalts: Geophysical Prospecting, 44, 963 - 986.
Orange, A., 1989, Magnetotelluric exploration for hydrocarbons: Proceedings of IEEE, 77(2), 218-317.
Pandey, D. K., 2003, Analyses of seismic and magnetotelluric data from Kutch, India: PhD thesis, University of Cambridge.
Patro. P. K., Harinarayana, T., Sastry, R.S., Rao, M., Manoj, C, Naganjaneyulu, K., and Sarma, S.V.S., 2005,
Electrical imaging of Narmada Son Lineament Zone, Central India from magnetotellurics: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 148, 215 - 232.
Ranganayaki, R. P., 1984, An interpretive analysis of magnetotelluric data;Geophysics, 49(10), 1730 -1748.
Sain, K., Zelt, C. A., and Reddy, P. R.,2002, Imaging of subvolcanic Mesozoics in the Saurashtra peninsula of India using traveltime inversion of wide-angle seismic data: Geophysical Journal International, 150, 820 -826.
Sheriff, R. E., and Geldart, L. P., 1995, Exploration Seismology: Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition, 608pp.
White, R. S., and McKenzie, D.,1989, Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts: Journal of Geophysical Research, 94(B6), 7685 - 7729.
Biswas, S. K.,1987, Regional tectonic framework, structure and evolution of the western marginal basins of India: Tectonophysics, 135(4), 307 - 327.
Biswas, S. K.,1993, Geology of Bombay offshore shelf and hydrocarbon occurrences:lndian Journal of Geology, 65(4), 215-245.
Constable, S. C, Parker, R. L, and Constable, G. C.,1987, Occam's inversion: A practical algorithm for generating smooth models from electromagnetic sounding data: Geophysical Prospecting, 52(3), 289 - 300.
Deshpande, S. V., and Merh, S. S., 1980, Mesozoic sedimentary model of Wagad hills, Kutch, western India. Journal of Geological Society of India, 21, 75 -83.
Groom, R. W., and Bailey, R. C, 1989, Decomposition of magnetotelluric impedance tensors in the presence of local three-dimensional galvanic distortion. Journal of Geophysical Research, 94(B2):1913 - 1925.
Gupta, H. K., Harinarayana, T., Kousalya, M., Mishra, D.C., Indra Mohan, Puranachandra Rao, N., Raju, P. S., Rastogi, B.K., Reddy, P. R., and Sarkar, D., 2001, Bhuj Earthquake of 26th January, 2001: Journal of Geological Society of India, 57, 275 - 278.
Harinarayana, T., Abdul Azeez, K.K., Murthy, D.N., Veeraswamy, K., Eknath Rao, S.P.,Manoj, C, and Naganjaneyulu, K., 2006, Exploration of geothermal structure in Puga geothermal field, Ladakh Himalayas, India by magnetotelluric studies: Journal of Applied Geophysics, 58, 280-295.
Hoverston, G.M., Constable, S.C., and Morrison, H.F., 2000, Marine magnetotellurics for base of salt mapping: Gulf of Mexico field test at the Gemini structure: Geophysics, 65, 1476 - 1488.
Hoversten, G. M.,1996, Papua New Guinea MT: Looking where seismic is blind: Geophysical Prospecting, 44, 935-961.
Ingham, M. R., 1988, The use of invariant impedances in magnetotelluric interpretation: Geophysical Journal International, 92, 165- 169.
MacGregor, L.M., 2003, Joint analysis of marine active and passive source EM data for subsalt or sub-basalt imaging: Extended Abstract in 65th EAGE Conference and Exhibition, F-18.
Marquardt, D. W. 1963, An algorithm for least-squares estimation of nonlinear parameters: Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 431 -441.
Manglik, A. and Verma, S. K.,1998, Delineation of sediments below flood basalts by joint inversion of seismic and magnetotelluric data: Geophysical Research Letters, 25, 4015 -4018.
Meju, M. A.,1996, Joint inversion of TEM and distorted MT soundings: Some effective practical considerations: Geophysics, 61, 56 - 65.
Meju, M. A., 2002, Geoelectromagnetic exploration for natural resources: Models, case studies and challenges: Surveys in Geophysics, 23(2 - 3), 133 - 205.
Meju, M. A., Fontes, S. L., Oliveira, M. F. B., Lima, J. P. R., Ulugergerli, E. U., and Carrasquilla, A. A., 1999, Regional aquifer mapping using combined VES- TEMAMT/ EMAP methods in the semi-arid eastern margin of Parnaiba basin, Brazil: Geophysics, 64, 337 - 356.
Misra, K., 1999, Deccan volcanics in Saurashtra and Kutch, Gujarat, India. In Subbarao, K. V., Editor, Memoir of Geological Society of India, Geological Society of India, volume 1, 325 - 334.
Morrison, F., Shoham, Y., Hoversten, G. M., and Torres- Verdin, C, 1996, Electromagnetic mapping of the electrical conductivity beneath the Columbia basalts: Geophysical Prospecting, 44, 963 - 986.
Orange, A., 1989, Magnetotelluric exploration for hydrocarbons: Proceedings of IEEE, 77(2), 218-317.
Pandey, D. K., 2003, Analyses of seismic and magnetotelluric data from Kutch, India: PhD thesis, University of Cambridge.
Patro. P. K., Harinarayana, T., Sastry, R.S., Rao, M., Manoj, C, Naganjaneyulu, K., and Sarma, S.V.S., 2005,
Electrical imaging of Narmada Son Lineament Zone, Central India from magnetotellurics: Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors, 148, 215 - 232.
Ranganayaki, R. P., 1984, An interpretive analysis of magnetotelluric data;Geophysics, 49(10), 1730 -1748.
Sain, K., Zelt, C. A., and Reddy, P. R.,2002, Imaging of subvolcanic Mesozoics in the Saurashtra peninsula of India using traveltime inversion of wide-angle seismic data: Geophysical Journal International, 150, 820 -826.
Sheriff, R. E., and Geldart, L. P., 1995, Exploration Seismology: Cambridge University Press, 2nd edition, 608pp.
White, R. S., and McKenzie, D.,1989, Magmatism at rift zones: The generation of volcanic continental margins and flood basalts: Journal of Geophysical Research, 94(B6), 7685 - 7729.
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