Q偏移在塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩储层成像中的应用
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摘要
在塔里木盆地碳酸盐岩地区,洞缝型储集层往往埋藏在5000m以下的区域,再加上沙漠地区地表十分疏松,对地震波的能量吸收十分严重,使得在这些地区采集得到的地震信号往往具有能量弱,频率低,子波形状严重畸变等特点,因此在对这些地区地震资料成像时,必须考虑由这些非弹性因素造成的振幅衰减、频率下降和相位畸变。为此本文研究了一种基于Kirchhoff法的Q偏移方法。首先介绍了该方法的基本原理,然后通过数值模型试算,验证了此方法的正确性和可行性,最后将方法应用于塔里木盆地轮古38井的实际VSP资料中,通过与利用传统方法所成像结果的对比,验证了该方法的优越性。
The fractured and caved carbonate reservoirs in Tarim Basin are buried bellow depth of 5000m.Because the surface of desert is very loose,the energy of seismic wave surfers serious absorption.Hence the characteristics of seismic signal recorded in these areas always show weak energy,low frequency and phase distortion.It is very important to consider these effects when imaging.To solve the problem above,a Kirchhoff Q-migration method is developed and presented in this paper.Firstly,the theory of Q-migration is introduced.Then a numerical model is tested to prove the applicability of this method.Finally,both Q-migration and traditional Kirchhoff migration are implemented to a VSP field data of Well LG38 in Tarim Basin.The results show that our Kirchhoff Q-migration method is better in imaging than the traditional one.
The fractured and caved carbonate reservoirs in Tarim Basin are buried bellow depth of 5000m.Because the surface of desert is very loose,the energy of seismic wave surfers serious absorption.Hence the characteristics of seismic signal recorded in these areas always show weak energy,low frequency and phase distortion.It is very important to consider these effects when imaging.To solve the problem above,a Kirchhoff Q-migration method is developed and presented in this paper.Firstly,the theory of Q-migration is introduced.Then a numerical model is tested to prove the applicability of this method.Finally,both Q-migration and traditional Kirchhoff migration are implemented to a VSP field data of Well LG38 in Tarim Basin.The results show that our Kirchhoff Q-migration method is better in imaging than the traditional one.
引文
[1]Aki Keiiti,Paul G Richard.Quantitative Seismology(2nd edition).University Science Books Sausalito,Cal-ifornia
[2]Henk Keers,Don W Vasco Lane R.Johnson.Viscoacous-tic crosswell imaging using asymptotic waveforms.Ge-ophysics,2001,66(3):861～870
[3]Peter Traynin,Jonathan Liu and J M Reilly.Ampli-tude and Bandwidth Recovery beneath gas zones using kirchhoff prestack depth Q migration.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,27:2412～2416
[4]Yu Y,Lu R and Deal M.Compensation for the effects of shallow gas attenuation with viscoacoustic wave equation migration.SEG Technical Program Expand-ed Abstracts,2002,21:2062～2065
[2]Henk Keers,Don W Vasco Lane R.Johnson.Viscoacous-tic crosswell imaging using asymptotic waveforms.Ge-ophysics,2001,66(3):861～870
[3]Peter Traynin,Jonathan Liu and J M Reilly.Ampli-tude and Bandwidth Recovery beneath gas zones using kirchhoff prestack depth Q migration.SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts,2008,27:2412～2416
[4]Yu Y,Lu R and Deal M.Compensation for the effects of shallow gas attenuation with viscoacoustic wave equation migration.SEG Technical Program Expand-ed Abstracts,2002,21:2062～2065
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