考虑结构面退化的岩质边坡地震永久位移研究
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摘要
针对岩质边坡平面滑动问题和楔形体滑动问题,提出了一种考虑结构面退化的岩质边坡的地震永久位移算法,提供了该法实施的流程,并用3个实例进行了说明。计算结果和前人的计算结果进行了对比,发现该法与试验计算结果吻合较好,能很好的估计边坡地震永久位移量值。传统Newmark法不考虑结构面退化,计算结果一般过低的估计了边坡地震永久位移量值,它较为适合估计地震永久位移量值较小的边坡。
A new approach for evaluating the permanent displacement of rock mass slope including planar slide and wedge slide during earthquake was presented,which considered deterioration of slide surface during earthquake.The procedure for putting the method into effect was put forward,and three case histories were studied.It was indicated that the approach was available and reasonable to assess the value of the permanent displacement of rock mass slope.The result reached by traditional Newmark method was too small in general.Traditional Newmark method was only suitable to evaluate the rock mass slope with small permanent displacement during earthquake.
A new approach for evaluating the permanent displacement of rock mass slope including planar slide and wedge slide during earthquake was presented,which considered deterioration of slide surface during earthquake.The procedure for putting the method into effect was put forward,and three case histories were studied.It was indicated that the approach was available and reasonable to assess the value of the permanent displacement of rock mass slope.The result reached by traditional Newmark method was too small in general.Traditional Newmark method was only suitable to evaluate the rock mass slope with small permanent displacement during earthquake.
引文
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[2]GOODMAN R E,SEED H B.Earthquake-induced displacements in sand embankment[J].J Soil Mech Fdn Engng Div,ASCE,92(SM2):125–146.
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[20]CRAWFORD A W,CURRAN J H.The influence of shear velocity on the frictional resistance of rock discontinuities[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1981,18:505–515.
[21]CRAWFORD A W,CURRAN J H.The influence of rate and displacement dependent shear resistance on the response of rock slopes to seismic loads[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1982,19:1–8.
[22]BARTON N R.A relationship between joint roughness and joint shear strength[J].Rock fracture Proc Int Symp Rock Mech Nancy,1971:1–8.
[23]HUTSON R W,DOWDING C H.Joint asperity degradation during cyclic shear[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1990,27(2):109–119.
[24]LEE H S,PARK Y J,CHO T F,YOU K H.Influence of asperity degradation on the mechanical behavior of rough rock joints under cyclic shear loading[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,2001,38:967–980.
[25]FOX D J,KANA D D,HSIUNG S M.Influence of interface roughness on dynamic shear behavior in jointed rock[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,1998,35(7):967–980.
[26]YANG Z Y,DI C C,YEN K C.The effect of asperity order on the roughness of rock joints[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,2001,38:745–752.
[27]PATTON F D.Multiple modes of shear failure in rock and related materials[D].Illinois:Univ of Illinois,1966.
[28]PLESHA M E.Constitutive models for rock discontinuities with dilatancy and surface degradation[J].Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech,1987,11:345–362.
[29]HUTSON R W.Preparation of duplicate rock joints and their changing dilatancy under cyclic shear[D].Evanston:Northwestern University,1987.
[30]HUTSON R W,DOWDING C H.Joint asperity degradation during cyclic shear[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1990,27(2):109–119.
[31]HOEK E,BRAY J.Rock slope engineering[R].Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,1977.
[32]王思敬,薛守义.岩体边坡楔形体动力学分析[J].地质科学,1992,27(2):177–182.(WANG S J,XUE S Y.Dynamic analysis on wedge failure of rock mass slope[J].Sicence Geologica Sinica,1992,27(2):177–182.(in Chinese))
[2]GOODMAN R E,SEED H B.Earthquake-induced displacements in sand embankment[J].J Soil Mech Fdn Engng Div,ASCE,92(SM2):125–146.
[3]FRANKLIN A G,CHANG F K.Earthquake resisitance of earth and rock-fill dams:permanent displacements of earth embankments by Newmark sliding block analysis[R].1977.
[4]MAKDISI F I,SEED H B.Simplified procedure for estimating dam and embankment earthquake induced deformations[J].J Geotech Engng Div,1978,104(GT7):569–587.
[5]SARMA S K.Seismic stability of earth dams and embankments[J].Geotechnique,1975,25(4):743–761.
[6]SARMA S K.Seismic displacement analysis of earth dams[J].J Geotech Engng Div,1981,107(GT12):1735–1739.
[7]SEED H B,LEE K L,IDRISS I M.Analysis of Sheffield Dam failure[J].J Soil Mech Fdn Div,1969,95(SM6):1453–1490.
[8]SEED H B.Considerations in the earthquake resistant design of earth and rockfill dams[J].Geotechnique,1979,29(3):215–263.
[9]RICHARD R,ELMS D G.Seismic behavior of gravity retaining walls[J].J Geotech Engng Div,1979,105(GT4):449–464.
[10]LIN J S,WHITMAN R V.Earthquake induced displacements of sliding blocks[J].J Geotech Engng Div,1986,112(1)44–59.
[11]NADIM F,WHITMAN R V.Seismically induced movement of retaining walls[J].J Geotech Engng Div,1983,109(GT7):915–931.
[12]KRAMER S L,SMITH M W.Modified Newmark model for seismic displacements of compliant slopes[J].J Geotech Engrg,ASCE,1997,123(7):635–644.
[13]RATHJE E M,BRAY J D.An Examination of simplified earthquake induced displacement procedure for earth structures[J].Can Geotech J,1999,36(1):72–87.
[14]WARTMAN J,BRAY J D,SEED R B.Inclined plane studies of the Newmark sliding block procdure[J].J Geotech&Geoenvir Engrn,2003,129(8):673–684.
[15]KRAMER S L,LINDWALL N W.Dimensionality and directionality effects in Newmark Sliding Block Analyses[J].J Geotech&Geoenvir Engrn,2004,130(8):303–315.
[16]王存玉,王思敬.边坡模型振动实验研究[J].岩体工程地质力学问题(七).北京:科学出版社,1987:65–74.(WANG C Y,WANG S J.Vibration test on slope model[J].Issues of Rock Mass Engineering Geomechanics(Ⅶ).Beijing:Science Press,1987:65–74.(in Chinese))
[17]王思敬,黄鼎成.中国工程地质世纪成就[M].北京:地质出版社,2004:356–379.(WANG S J,HUANG D C.Advancements of engineering geology of China in 21th century[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2004:356–379.(in Chinese))
[18]HENDRON A J Jr,CORDING E J,AIYER A K.Analytical and graphical methods for the analysis of slopes in rock masses[R].U S Army Corps of Engineers,Nuclear Creating Group.
[19]王思敬,张菊明.边坡岩体滑动稳定的动力学分析[J].地质科学,1982,17(2):162–170.(WANG S J,ZHANG J M.Dynamic analysis on sliding stability of rock mass slope[J].Sicence Geologica Sinica,1982,17(2):162–170.(in Chinese))
[20]CRAWFORD A W,CURRAN J H.The influence of shear velocity on the frictional resistance of rock discontinuities[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1981,18:505–515.
[21]CRAWFORD A W,CURRAN J H.The influence of rate and displacement dependent shear resistance on the response of rock slopes to seismic loads[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1982,19:1–8.
[22]BARTON N R.A relationship between joint roughness and joint shear strength[J].Rock fracture Proc Int Symp Rock Mech Nancy,1971:1–8.
[23]HUTSON R W,DOWDING C H.Joint asperity degradation during cyclic shear[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1990,27(2):109–119.
[24]LEE H S,PARK Y J,CHO T F,YOU K H.Influence of asperity degradation on the mechanical behavior of rough rock joints under cyclic shear loading[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,2001,38:967–980.
[25]FOX D J,KANA D D,HSIUNG S M.Influence of interface roughness on dynamic shear behavior in jointed rock[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,1998,35(7):967–980.
[26]YANG Z Y,DI C C,YEN K C.The effect of asperity order on the roughness of rock joints[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci,2001,38:745–752.
[27]PATTON F D.Multiple modes of shear failure in rock and related materials[D].Illinois:Univ of Illinois,1966.
[28]PLESHA M E.Constitutive models for rock discontinuities with dilatancy and surface degradation[J].Int J Numer Anal Methods Geomech,1987,11:345–362.
[29]HUTSON R W.Preparation of duplicate rock joints and their changing dilatancy under cyclic shear[D].Evanston:Northwestern University,1987.
[30]HUTSON R W,DOWDING C H.Joint asperity degradation during cyclic shear[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci&Geomech Abstr,1990,27(2):109–119.
[31]HOEK E,BRAY J.Rock slope engineering[R].Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,1977.
[32]王思敬,薛守义.岩体边坡楔形体动力学分析[J].地质科学,1992,27(2):177–182.(WANG S J,XUE S Y.Dynamic analysis on wedge failure of rock mass slope[J].Sicence Geologica Sinica,1992,27(2):177–182.(in Chinese))
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