大型地下空间结构地震风险评估方法
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摘要
地下结构的薄弱环节在地震作用下可能发生破坏,进而影响整个结构体系的整体稳定性,地下结构的抗震能力成为结构工程领域研究的热点问题之一。采用弹塑性时程分析与风险矩阵相结合的方法对地下结构地震风险进行评估,以1995年阪神地震中遭受严重破坏的大开地铁车站为例阐明该方法的具体步骤。弹塑性时程分析能够考虑地下结构的各种复杂情况,直观地得到地下结构的损伤破坏情况,根据破坏情况建立风险矩阵对结构进行系统的风险管理。结果表明,弹塑性时程分析结合风险矩阵的风险评估方法具有较好的精确性和可靠性,适用于重要大型地下空间结构的地震风险评估。
When strong shock happens,the foundation soil may undergo large deformation and be followed by the failure of weak parts of the structure.To evaluate the seismic risk of underground structure,a risk assessment method was proposed combining elasto-plastic time history analysis with risk matrix.The implementation procedure,the basic functions and the special features of the method were introduced in detail.The elasto-plastic time history analysis could describe the failure modes of the underground structures by considering different complex conditions.According to the damage of the structure,the seismic risk matrix was established and the seriousness of seismic risk was obtained.Taking Dakai subway station as an example,the dynamic responses under three earthquakes of different grades were simulated by elasto-plastic time history analysis,and the risk assessment of the structure was analyzed by the risk matrix method.The result shows that the method combining elasto-plastic time history analysis with risk matrix is useful and suitable for seismic risk assessment of large underground structures.
When strong shock happens,the foundation soil may undergo large deformation and be followed by the failure of weak parts of the structure.To evaluate the seismic risk of underground structure,a risk assessment method was proposed combining elasto-plastic time history analysis with risk matrix.The implementation procedure,the basic functions and the special features of the method were introduced in detail.The elasto-plastic time history analysis could describe the failure modes of the underground structures by considering different complex conditions.According to the damage of the structure,the seismic risk matrix was established and the seriousness of seismic risk was obtained.Taking Dakai subway station as an example,the dynamic responses under three earthquakes of different grades were simulated by elasto-plastic time history analysis,and the risk assessment of the structure was analyzed by the risk matrix method.The result shows that the method combining elasto-plastic time history analysis with risk matrix is useful and suitable for seismic risk assessment of large underground structures.
引文
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[13]赵雷.随机参数结构动力分析方法及地震可靠度研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,1996.
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[16]杜修力.工程波动理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
[2]HUO Hong-bin,BOBET A.Seismic design of cut andcover rectangular tunnels-evaluation of observed be-havior of Dakai station during Kobe earthquake,1995[C].Shanghai:Tongji University,Proceedings of 1stWorld Forum of Chinese Scholars in Geotechnical En-gineering,2003.
[3]曹炳政,罗奇峰,马硕,等.神户大开地铁车站的地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2002,22(4):102-107.CAO Bing-zheng,LUO Qi-feng,MA Shuo,et al.Seismic response analysis of Dakai subway station inHyogoken-nanbu earthquake[J].Earthquake Engi-neering and Engineering Vibration,2002,22(4):102-107.(in Chinese).
[4]刘晶波,李彬,谷音.地铁盾构隧道地震反应分析[J].清华大学学报,2005,45(6):757-760.LIU Jing-bo,LI Bin,GU Yin.Seismic responseanalysis of shielded subway tunnels[J].Journal ofTsinghua University,2005,45(6):757-760.(in Chi-nese).
[5]李彬,刘晶波,尹骁.双层地铁车站的强地震反应分析[J].地下空间与工程学报,2005,1(5):779-782.LI Bin,LIU Jing-bo,YIN Xiao.Seismic responseanalysis of double-deck subway station[J].ChineseJournal of Underground Space and Engineering,2005,1(5):779-782.(in Chinese).
[6]庄海洋,陈国兴,胡晓明.两层双柱岛式地铁车站结构水平向非线性地震反应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(s1):3075-3079.ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing,HU Xiao-ming.Analysis of nonlinear earthquake response oftwo-layer double-column subway station structure[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engi-neering,2006,25(s1):3075-3079.(in Chinese).
[7]庄海洋,陈国兴.双洞单轨地铁区间隧道非线性地震反应分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2006,26(2):131-137.ZHUANG Hai-yang,CHEN Guo-xing.Analysis ofnonlinear earthquake response of metro double-tun-nels[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vi-bration,2006,26(2):131-137.(in Chinese).
[8]AN X H,SHAWKY A A,MAEKAWA K.The col-lapse mechanism of a subway station during the GreatHanshin Earthquake[J].Cement and Concrete Com-posites.1997,19(3):241-257.
[9]NAM S H,SONG H W,BYUN K,et al.Seismicanalysis of undergroundreinforced concrete structuresconsidering elasto-plastic interface element with thick-ness[J].Engineering Structures,2006,28(8):1122-1131.
[10]Analysis user’s manual of ABAQUS 6.6 Volume III:Materials[M].American:ABAQUS Inc.,2007.
[11]陈桂香,黄宏伟,尤建新.对地铁项目全寿命周期风险管理的研究[J].地下空间与工程学报,2006,2(1):47-51.CHEN Gui-xiang,HUANG Hong-wei,YOU Jian-xin.Study on life cycle risk management of metro[J].Chinese Journal of Underground Space and Engineer-ing,2006,2(1):47-51.(in Chinese).
[12]曾铁梅,侯建国.地铁营运风险管理初探[J].武汉大学学报,2007,12(6):84-87.ZENG Tie-mei,HOU Jian-guo.Risk management inmetro operation[J].Engineering Journal of WuhanUniversity,2007,12(6):84-87.(in Chinese).
[13]赵雷.随机参数结构动力分析方法及地震可靠度研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,1996.
[14]史庆轩.钢筋混凝土结构基于性能的抗震破坏及破坏评估[D].西安:西安建筑科技大学,2002.
[15]方秦,还毅,张亚栋,等.ABAQUS混凝土损伤塑性模型静力性能分析[J].解放军理工大学学报:自然科学版,2007,8(3):254-260.FANG Qin,HUAN Yi,ZHANG Ya-dong,CHENLi.Investigation into the static properties of damagedplasticity model for concrete in ABAQUS[J].Journalof PLA University of Science and Technology(Natu-ral Science Edition),2007,8(3):254-260.(in Chi-nese).
[16]杜修力.工程波动理论与方法[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.
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