鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组砂岩墙(脉)特征及其地质意义
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摘要
笔者详细分析了鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组野外砂岩墙和岩心砂岩脉的特征,初步阐明了砂岩墙(脉)的形成机制和演化过程:早期沉积的未固结细粒砂岩在后期地震诱发下液化,同时砂体内压力迅速增加,在围岩层的裂隙处闪电般贯入,形成砂岩墙(脉)。结合区域构造背景,认为砂岩墙具有构造指示意义,同时对油藏的形成和破坏具有一定的影响。
This paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of sandstone dikes in outcrops and cores in the Late Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos basin and preliminarily elucidates the formation mechanism and evolutionary process of the sandstone dikes. The unconsolidates fine sands deposited in the early stage were liquefied in the late stage in response to earthquakes, and meanwhile with rapidly increasing pressures inside sands, the liquefied sands were injected into the fissures in surrounding rocks very quickly, thus forming sandstone dikes. According the above-mentioned analysis, combined with the tectonic setting, the authors think that sandstone dikes acted as conduits for oil migration and also exerted a certain influence on the formation and destruction of oil accumulations.
This paper analyzes in detail the characteristics of sandstone dikes in outcrops and cores in the Late Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Ordos basin and preliminarily elucidates the formation mechanism and evolutionary process of the sandstone dikes. The unconsolidates fine sands deposited in the early stage were liquefied in the late stage in response to earthquakes, and meanwhile with rapidly increasing pressures inside sands, the liquefied sands were injected into the fissures in surrounding rocks very quickly, thus forming sandstone dikes. According the above-mentioned analysis, combined with the tectonic setting, the authors think that sandstone dikes acted as conduits for oil migration and also exerted a certain influence on the formation and destruction of oil accumulations.
引文
[1]刘池洋.叠合盆地特征及油气赋存条件[J].石油学报,2007,28(1):1-7.Liu Chiyang.Geologic characteristics and petroleum accumulation conditions of superimposed basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(1):1-7(in Chinese with English abstract).
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[13]刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):617-633.Liu Chiyang,Zhao Hongge,Gui Xiaojun,et al.Space-time coordinates of the evolution and reformation and mineralization response in ordos basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(5):617-633(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]李元昊,杜金良,王秀娟.鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组大型建设型三角洲沉积特征及其展布[J].西北大学(自然科学版),2006,36(增刊):117-124.Li Yuanhao,Du Jinliang,Wang Xiujuan.The sedimentary characters of the large constructive delta and its distribution in late Triassic Yanchang Formation in south Ordos basin[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2006,36(Supp.):117-124(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]Jolly R J H,Lonergan L.Mechanisms and controls on the formation of sand intrusions[J].Journal of the Geological Society(London),2002,159:605-617.
[16]Jonk R,Hurst A,Duranti D,et al.Origin and timing of sand injection,petroleum migration,and diagenesis in Tertiary reservoirs,south Viking Graben,North Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(3):329-357.
[17]Duranti D,Hurst A.Fluidisation and injection in the deep-water sandstones of the Eocene Alba Formation(UK North Sea):Sedimentology[M].2004,v.51,p.503-529.
[18]Winslow M A.Clastic dike swarms and the structural evolution of the foreland fold and thrust belt of the southern Andes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1983:1073-1080.
[19]Winslow M A.Clastic dike swarms and the structural evolution ofthe foreland fold and thrust belt of the southern Andes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1983,94:1073-1080.
[20]乔秀夫,彭阳,高林志.桂西北二叠纪岩墙(脉)的地震成因解释[J].地质通报,2002,21(2):102-104.Qiao Xiufu,Peng Yang,Gao Linzhi.Interpretation of seismic origin of Permian limestone dikes in northwest Guangxi[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2002,21(2):102-104(in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]彭阳,胡桂昂,陆刚,等.桂西北晚古生代地层中的沉积灰岩墙研究进展[J].地质论评,2004,50(6):613-617.Peng Yang,Hu Guiang,Lu Gang,et al.Progress in studying on limestone dikes in Late Paleozoic Strata in Northwestern Guangxi[J].Geological Review,2004,50(6):613-617(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]汪素云.中国大陆地震震源分布特征的初步研究[J].地震研究,1996,19(3):310-314.Wang Suyun.Preliminary study on distribution characteristics of earthquake sources in the Chinese mainland[J].Journal of Seismological Research,1996,19(3):310-314(in Chinese with English abstract).
[23]Olaf Pitt Jenkins.Sandstone dikes as conduits for oil migration through shales[J].AAPG Bulletin,1930,14(4):411-421.
[2]张岳桥,廖昌珍.晚中生代-新生代构造体制转换与鄂尔多斯盆地改造[J].中国地质,2006,33(1):28-40.Zhang Yueqiao,Liao Changzhen.Transition of the Late Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic regimes and modification of the Ordos basin[J].GeologyinChina,2006,33(1):28-40(inChinesewithEnglishabstract).
[3]丹尼斯J G,阎嘉祺译.国际构造地质词典-英语术语[M].北京:地质出版社,1983:51-52.John G.Dennis.International Tectonic Dictionary-English Terms[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1983:51-52(in Chinese).
[4]佩蒂庄F J.沉积岩[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1981:158-159.F.J.Ptijohn.Sedimentary Rock[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1981:158-159(in Chinese).
[5]孙永传,李蕙生.碎屑岩沉积相和沉积环境[M].北京:地质出版社,1986:59-60.Sun Yongchuan,Li Huisheng.Sedimentary Facies and Environment of Clastic Rock[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1986:59-60(in Chinese).
[6]科林森J D,汤普森D B.沉积构造[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:119-125.Collinson J D,Tompson D B.Sedimentary Structure[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1988:119-125(in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]冯增昭,王英华,刘焕杰,等.中国沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1994:293-296.Feng Zengzao,Wang Yinghua,Liu Huanjie,et al.Chinese Sedimentology[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1994:293-296(in Chinese with English abstract).
[8]希尔斯E.构造地质学原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1981:250-251.Hills E.Elements of Structural Geology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1981:250-251(in Chinese).
[9]杨剑萍,王辉,陈世悦,等.济阳坳陷古近系震积岩特征[J].沉积学报,2004,22(2):281-285.Yang Jianping,Wang Hui,Chen Shiyue,et al.The features of Paleogene seismite in Jiyang Sub-basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2004,22(2):281-285(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]刘宝珺.沉积岩石学[M].北京,地质出版社,1980:93.Liu Baojun.Sedimentary Petrology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1980:93(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]刘池洋,赵红格,王锋,等.鄂尔多斯盆地西缘(部)中生代构造属性[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):737-745.Liu Chiyang,Zhao Hongge,Wang Feng,et al.Attributes of the Mesozoic structure on the west margin of the Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2005,79(6):737-745(in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]张国伟,张本仁,袁学诚,等.秦岭造山带与大陆动力学[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:1-165.Zhang Guowei,Zhang Benren,Yuan Xuecheng,et al.Qinling orogene and continental dynamics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2001:1-165(in Chinese with English abstract).
[13]刘池洋,赵红格,桂小军,等.鄂尔多斯盆地演化-改造的时空坐标及其成藏(矿)响应[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):617-633.Liu Chiyang,Zhao Hongge,Gui Xiaojun,et al.Space-time coordinates of the evolution and reformation and mineralization response in ordos basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2006,80(5):617-633(in Chinese with English abstract).
[14]李元昊,杜金良,王秀娟.鄂尔多斯盆地南部上三叠统延长组大型建设型三角洲沉积特征及其展布[J].西北大学(自然科学版),2006,36(增刊):117-124.Li Yuanhao,Du Jinliang,Wang Xiujuan.The sedimentary characters of the large constructive delta and its distribution in late Triassic Yanchang Formation in south Ordos basin[J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2006,36(Supp.):117-124(in Chinese with English abstract).
[15]Jolly R J H,Lonergan L.Mechanisms and controls on the formation of sand intrusions[J].Journal of the Geological Society(London),2002,159:605-617.
[16]Jonk R,Hurst A,Duranti D,et al.Origin and timing of sand injection,petroleum migration,and diagenesis in Tertiary reservoirs,south Viking Graben,North Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(3):329-357.
[17]Duranti D,Hurst A.Fluidisation and injection in the deep-water sandstones of the Eocene Alba Formation(UK North Sea):Sedimentology[M].2004,v.51,p.503-529.
[18]Winslow M A.Clastic dike swarms and the structural evolution of the foreland fold and thrust belt of the southern Andes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1983:1073-1080.
[19]Winslow M A.Clastic dike swarms and the structural evolution ofthe foreland fold and thrust belt of the southern Andes[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,1983,94:1073-1080.
[20]乔秀夫,彭阳,高林志.桂西北二叠纪岩墙(脉)的地震成因解释[J].地质通报,2002,21(2):102-104.Qiao Xiufu,Peng Yang,Gao Linzhi.Interpretation of seismic origin of Permian limestone dikes in northwest Guangxi[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2002,21(2):102-104(in Chinese with English abstract).
[21]彭阳,胡桂昂,陆刚,等.桂西北晚古生代地层中的沉积灰岩墙研究进展[J].地质论评,2004,50(6):613-617.Peng Yang,Hu Guiang,Lu Gang,et al.Progress in studying on limestone dikes in Late Paleozoic Strata in Northwestern Guangxi[J].Geological Review,2004,50(6):613-617(in Chinese with English abstract).
[22]汪素云.中国大陆地震震源分布特征的初步研究[J].地震研究,1996,19(3):310-314.Wang Suyun.Preliminary study on distribution characteristics of earthquake sources in the Chinese mainland[J].Journal of Seismological Research,1996,19(3):310-314(in Chinese with English abstract).
[23]Olaf Pitt Jenkins.Sandstone dikes as conduits for oil migration through shales[J].AAPG Bulletin,1930,14(4):411-421.
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