天津北大港构造带东翼断裂活动浅析
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摘要
构造因素对油气的分布起着控制性的作用,断裂活动特征决定着一个盆地或凹陷油气的富集与分布。本文通过对北大港构造带东翼所有断裂的仔细研究,统计分析了区内20条规模较大断裂的断距在纵横向上的变化,结合20余条地震剖面和8条构造发育史剖面,综合分析认为北大港构造带东翼的断裂活动主要为:古近纪活动期和新构造期(0.78Ma至今)活动期。而在新近纪,研究区内断裂(或构造)活动极其微弱,多数断裂没有活动。从演化过程、空间分布等方面认为:港东-唐家河构造带,晚期构造活动对先存构造的破坏性较弱,与白水头构造带的断裂活动具有一定的相似性,形成了典型的花状构造;而白东构造带在新构造期断裂活动强烈,有些新生断裂切割到了古近系地层,有的断裂已达地表附近,形成了"对倾式"的断裂组合。并初步讨论了断层活动对油气运聚的影响。
Structural factors play a controlling role in the distribution of oil and gas,and oil and gas enrichment and distribution in a basin or in a sag depend on characteristics of fault activities.The authors carefully studied all the fractures in eastern Beidagang tectonic belt,calculated and analyzed fracture distance variations of 20 large faults in vertical and horizontal directions in combination with over 20 seismic sections and 8 structural development profiles in the study area.On such a basis,the authors hold that the main fault activities in eastern Beidagang tectonic belt occurred in Paleocene tectonic period and Neocene tectonic period.In Neocene tectonic period,however,fault activities were extremely weak,and most faults were not active.From evolutionary process and spatial distribution,it is considered that the destructive effect of late tectonic activities on earlier faults was weak,and fault activities were somewhat similar to things of Baishuitou tectonic belt in Gangdong-Tangjiahe tectonic belt,forming a typical flower-shaped structure.Nevertheless,fault activities in Baidong tectonic belt were strong in Neocene tectonic period,and some new faults cut Paleocene strata with some reaching the near-surface place,forming "face toward sloping type" fault combination.The influence of fault activities on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation is also preliminarily discussed in this paper.
Structural factors play a controlling role in the distribution of oil and gas,and oil and gas enrichment and distribution in a basin or in a sag depend on characteristics of fault activities.The authors carefully studied all the fractures in eastern Beidagang tectonic belt,calculated and analyzed fracture distance variations of 20 large faults in vertical and horizontal directions in combination with over 20 seismic sections and 8 structural development profiles in the study area.On such a basis,the authors hold that the main fault activities in eastern Beidagang tectonic belt occurred in Paleocene tectonic period and Neocene tectonic period.In Neocene tectonic period,however,fault activities were extremely weak,and most faults were not active.From evolutionary process and spatial distribution,it is considered that the destructive effect of late tectonic activities on earlier faults was weak,and fault activities were somewhat similar to things of Baishuitou tectonic belt in Gangdong-Tangjiahe tectonic belt,forming a typical flower-shaped structure.Nevertheless,fault activities in Baidong tectonic belt were strong in Neocene tectonic period,and some new faults cut Paleocene strata with some reaching the near-surface place,forming "face toward sloping type" fault combination.The influence of fault activities on hydrocarbon migration and accumulation is also preliminarily discussed in this paper.
引文
陈书平,汤良杰,贾承造.2004.含盐前陆充填变形前缘盐上层构造样式[J].地球学报,25(5):561-564.
戴俊生,陆克政,李理,漆家福.1997.渤海湾盆地构造对油气藏分布的控制作用[J].勘探家,2(4):5-8.
胡道功,吴树仁,殷秀兰.1999.仙女山断裂带断层泥分维值与断裂活动研究[J].地球学报,20(2):137-141.
李明刚,漆家福,杨桥,徐田武,陈刚.2009.渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷新生代结构特征及构造动力学模式[J].地球学报,30(2):201-209.
孟繁有.2008.断裂输导特征及对油气成藏与分布的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,27(6):1-4.
漆家福,周心怀,王谦身.2010.渤海海域中郯庐深断裂带的结构模型及新生代动力学[J].中国地质,37(5):1231-1242.
万天丰.2004.中国大地构造学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社.
杨勉,付广,张云峰,王月庆.2008.构造变换带沉积充填特征与油气分布规律[J].大庆石油地质与开发,27(3):15-17.
张玉明,张青林,王明君,杨木壮.2006.松辽盆地十屋断陷反转构造样式及其油气勘探意义[J].地球学报,27(2):151-156.
赵文智,池英柳.2000.渤海湾盆地含油气层系区域分布规律与主控因素[J].石油学报,21(1):10-15.
CHEN Shu-ping,TANG Liang-jie,JIA Cheng-zao.2004.Structural Styles in the Deformation Leading Edge of Evaporite-bearing Foreland Basin Fill[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,25(5):561-564(in Chinese with English abstract).
DAI Jun-sheng,LU Ke-zheng,LI Li,QI Jia-fu.1997.Tectonic Control Over the Distribution of Oil and Gas Pools in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Explorations,2(4):5-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
HU Dao-gong,WU Shu-ren,YIN Xiu-lan.1999.Fractal Dimen-sions of Fault Gouges from the Xiannüshan Fault and Its Ac-tivity[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,20(2):137-141(in Chinese with English abstract).
LI Ming-gang,QI Jia-fu,YANG Qiao,XU Tian-wu,CHEN Gang.2009.Cenozoic Structure Features of Huanghua Depression and Its Structure Dynamics Model[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,30(2):201-209(in Chinese with English abstract).
MENG Fan-you.2008.Characteristics of Fracture Transportation and Their Controlling Action on Petroleum Reservoir Forma-tion and Distribution[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield De-velopment in Daqing,27(6):1-4(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
QI Jia-fu,ZHOU Xin-huai,WANG Qian-shen.2010.Structural Model and Cenozoic Kinematics of Tan-Lu Deep Fracture Zone in Bohai Sea Area[J].Geology in China,37(5):1231-1242(in Chinese with English abstract).
WAN Tian-feng.2004.Tectonic Learning Programs in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
YANG Mian,FU Guang,ZHANG Yun-feng,WANG Yue-qing.2008.Sedimentary Filling Features and Hydrocarbon Distri-bution Rules in Structural Transfer Zone[J].Petroleum Geol-ogy and Oilfield Development in Daqing,27(3):15-17(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Yu-ming,ZHANG Qing-lin,WANG Ming-jun,YANG Mu-zhuang.2006.The Reverse Structural Styles in the Shiwu Rift Depression,Songliao Basin,and Their Oil and Gas Ex-ploration Significance[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,27(2):151-156(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHAO Wen-zhi,CHI Ying-liu.2000.Regional Distribution Regu-larity and Its Controlling Factors of Oil and Gas Bearing Se-ries in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,21(1):10-15(in Chinese with English abstract).
戴俊生,陆克政,李理,漆家福.1997.渤海湾盆地构造对油气藏分布的控制作用[J].勘探家,2(4):5-8.
胡道功,吴树仁,殷秀兰.1999.仙女山断裂带断层泥分维值与断裂活动研究[J].地球学报,20(2):137-141.
李明刚,漆家福,杨桥,徐田武,陈刚.2009.渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷新生代结构特征及构造动力学模式[J].地球学报,30(2):201-209.
孟繁有.2008.断裂输导特征及对油气成藏与分布的控制作用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,27(6):1-4.
漆家福,周心怀,王谦身.2010.渤海海域中郯庐深断裂带的结构模型及新生代动力学[J].中国地质,37(5):1231-1242.
万天丰.2004.中国大地构造学纲要[M].北京:地质出版社.
杨勉,付广,张云峰,王月庆.2008.构造变换带沉积充填特征与油气分布规律[J].大庆石油地质与开发,27(3):15-17.
张玉明,张青林,王明君,杨木壮.2006.松辽盆地十屋断陷反转构造样式及其油气勘探意义[J].地球学报,27(2):151-156.
赵文智,池英柳.2000.渤海湾盆地含油气层系区域分布规律与主控因素[J].石油学报,21(1):10-15.
CHEN Shu-ping,TANG Liang-jie,JIA Cheng-zao.2004.Structural Styles in the Deformation Leading Edge of Evaporite-bearing Foreland Basin Fill[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,25(5):561-564(in Chinese with English abstract).
DAI Jun-sheng,LU Ke-zheng,LI Li,QI Jia-fu.1997.Tectonic Control Over the Distribution of Oil and Gas Pools in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Explorations,2(4):5-8(in Chinese with English abstract).
HU Dao-gong,WU Shu-ren,YIN Xiu-lan.1999.Fractal Dimen-sions of Fault Gouges from the Xiannüshan Fault and Its Ac-tivity[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,20(2):137-141(in Chinese with English abstract).
LI Ming-gang,QI Jia-fu,YANG Qiao,XU Tian-wu,CHEN Gang.2009.Cenozoic Structure Features of Huanghua Depression and Its Structure Dynamics Model[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,30(2):201-209(in Chinese with English abstract).
MENG Fan-you.2008.Characteristics of Fracture Transportation and Their Controlling Action on Petroleum Reservoir Forma-tion and Distribution[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield De-velopment in Daqing,27(6):1-4(in Chinese with English ab-stract).
QI Jia-fu,ZHOU Xin-huai,WANG Qian-shen.2010.Structural Model and Cenozoic Kinematics of Tan-Lu Deep Fracture Zone in Bohai Sea Area[J].Geology in China,37(5):1231-1242(in Chinese with English abstract).
WAN Tian-feng.2004.Tectonic Learning Programs in China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House(in Chinese).
YANG Mian,FU Guang,ZHANG Yun-feng,WANG Yue-qing.2008.Sedimentary Filling Features and Hydrocarbon Distri-bution Rules in Structural Transfer Zone[J].Petroleum Geol-ogy and Oilfield Development in Daqing,27(3):15-17(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHANG Yu-ming,ZHANG Qing-lin,WANG Ming-jun,YANG Mu-zhuang.2006.The Reverse Structural Styles in the Shiwu Rift Depression,Songliao Basin,and Their Oil and Gas Ex-ploration Significance[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,27(2):151-156(in Chinese with English abstract).
ZHAO Wen-zhi,CHI Ying-liu.2000.Regional Distribution Regu-larity and Its Controlling Factors of Oil and Gas Bearing Se-ries in Bohai Bay Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,21(1):10-15(in Chinese with English abstract).
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