饱和砂土场地在小震下的响应(英文)
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摘要
水平场地地震响应分析是岩土地震工程实践中最重要的问题之一.深圳近年多次经历外围地震引起的小振动,因而研究场地在小震作用下的响应有特殊意义.利用香港科技大学离心机及双向振动台,进行饱和砂土场地的动力模型试验.观测模型在原型峰值加速度为0.07g的小震作用下,加速度、侧向位移、竖向沉降及超静孔压等方面的响应.发现在地震过程中,土体变形较小,超静孔压比也小于0.5,但超静孔压的变化使场地固有频率靠近输入地震波的频率,加速度的放大系数最大可达到3.67.分析结果表明,小震作用下场地虽不大可能发生液化,但在特定情况下,仍可能对上部结构造成破坏.
Analysis of response of level ground subjected to earthquake is one of the most important problems in geotechnical engineering practice.Since Shenzhen has been subjected to small vibration several times in recent years,the studies on response of level ground under small earthquakes are of particular interest.In this study,a centrifuge dynamic test was performed on a uniform saturated sand ground model under a small earthquake loading with a peak acceleration of about 0.07 g in the prototype scale.Acceleration,lateral displacement,vertical settlement as well as excess pore pressure were measured during the shaking event.It was observed that the deformation of soil body was small,and the excess pore pressure ratios were less than 0.5.However,the input acceleration was amplified by a factor as large as 3.67 at the ground surface.The phenomenon is associated with a shift of the natural frequency of the sand ground induced by the buildup of excess pore pressure during the earthquake.This study indicates that small earthquake may bring detrimental effect to superstructures,although liquefaction is unlikely to occur.
Analysis of response of level ground subjected to earthquake is one of the most important problems in geotechnical engineering practice.Since Shenzhen has been subjected to small vibration several times in recent years,the studies on response of level ground under small earthquakes are of particular interest.In this study,a centrifuge dynamic test was performed on a uniform saturated sand ground model under a small earthquake loading with a peak acceleration of about 0.07 g in the prototype scale.Acceleration,lateral displacement,vertical settlement as well as excess pore pressure were measured during the shaking event.It was observed that the deformation of soil body was small,and the excess pore pressure ratios were less than 0.5.However,the input acceleration was amplified by a factor as large as 3.67 at the ground surface.The phenomenon is associated with a shift of the natural frequency of the sand ground induced by the buildup of excess pore pressure during the earthquake.This study indicates that small earthquake may bring detrimental effect to superstructures,although liquefaction is unlikely to occur.
引文
[1]Arulanandan K,Anandarajah A,Abghari A.Centrifuge modeling of soil liquefaction susceptibility[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1983,109(3):281-300.
[2]Hushmand B,Scott R.F,Crouse C B.Centrifuge lique-faction tests in a laminar box[J].Geotechnique,1988,38(2):253-262.
[3]Arulanandan K,Scott R F.Verification of Numerical Pro-cedures for the Analysis of Soil Liquefaction Problems[M].Rotterdam:Balkema,1993.
[4]Shen C K,Li X S,Ng C W W,et al.Development of a geotechnical centrifuge in Hong Kong[C]//Kimura T,Kusakbe O,Takemura J.Centrifuge98.Rotterdam:Balkema,1998:13-18.
[5]Whitman R V,Lambe P C,Kutter B L.Initial results from a stacked ring apparatus for simulation of a soil profile[C].International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics.St Louis MO:[s.n.],1981:1105-1110.
[6]Taboada V M,Dobry R.Experimental results of Model No1at RPI[C]//Arulanandan K,Scott R F.Verification of Numerical Procedures for the Analysis of Soil Liquefaction Problem,1993,1:3-17.
[7]SU Dong.Centrifuge Investigation on Responses of Sand Deposit and Sand-pile System Under Multi-directional Earthquake Loading[D].Hong Kong:The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,2005.
[8]Campbell K W.Near source attenuation of peak horizontal acceleration[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1981,71:2039-2070.
[1]Arulanandan K,Anandarajah A,Abghari A.土体液化的离心机模拟[J].岩土工程,1983,109(3):281-300(英文版).
[2]Hushmand B,Scott R F,Crouse C B.使用层状箱的离心机液化试验[J].岩土技术,1988,38(2):253-262(英文版).
[3]Arulanandan K,Scott R F.液化分析方法的离心模拟试验验证[M].鹿特丹:Balkema出版社,1993(英文版).
[4]Shen C K,Li X S,Ng C W W,等.香港土工离心机的研发[C]//Kimura T,Kusakbe O,Takemura J.离心机98.鹿特丹:Balkema出版社,1998:13-18(英文版).
[5]Whitman R V,Lambe P C,Kutter B L.利用叠环装置模拟土层的初步结果[C].岩土地震工程与土动力学进展国际会议论文集.St Louis MO:[出版者不详],1981:1105-1110(英文版).
[6]Taboada V M,Dobry R.RPI1号模型试验结果[C]//Arulanandan K,Scott R F.用于土体液化问题数值程序的验证,1993:3-17(英文版).
[7]苏栋.多向地震荷载作用下砂土自由场和桩-砂系统的离心机研究[D].香港:香港科技大学(英文版),2005.
[8]Campbell K W.水平加速度峰值的近源衰减[J].美国地震协会会刊,1981,71:2039-2070(英文版).
[2]Hushmand B,Scott R.F,Crouse C B.Centrifuge lique-faction tests in a laminar box[J].Geotechnique,1988,38(2):253-262.
[3]Arulanandan K,Scott R F.Verification of Numerical Pro-cedures for the Analysis of Soil Liquefaction Problems[M].Rotterdam:Balkema,1993.
[4]Shen C K,Li X S,Ng C W W,et al.Development of a geotechnical centrifuge in Hong Kong[C]//Kimura T,Kusakbe O,Takemura J.Centrifuge98.Rotterdam:Balkema,1998:13-18.
[5]Whitman R V,Lambe P C,Kutter B L.Initial results from a stacked ring apparatus for simulation of a soil profile[C].International Conference on Recent Advances in Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering and Soil Dynamics.St Louis MO:[s.n.],1981:1105-1110.
[6]Taboada V M,Dobry R.Experimental results of Model No1at RPI[C]//Arulanandan K,Scott R F.Verification of Numerical Procedures for the Analysis of Soil Liquefaction Problem,1993,1:3-17.
[7]SU Dong.Centrifuge Investigation on Responses of Sand Deposit and Sand-pile System Under Multi-directional Earthquake Loading[D].Hong Kong:The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology,2005.
[8]Campbell K W.Near source attenuation of peak horizontal acceleration[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1981,71:2039-2070.
[1]Arulanandan K,Anandarajah A,Abghari A.土体液化的离心机模拟[J].岩土工程,1983,109(3):281-300(英文版).
[2]Hushmand B,Scott R F,Crouse C B.使用层状箱的离心机液化试验[J].岩土技术,1988,38(2):253-262(英文版).
[3]Arulanandan K,Scott R F.液化分析方法的离心模拟试验验证[M].鹿特丹:Balkema出版社,1993(英文版).
[4]Shen C K,Li X S,Ng C W W,等.香港土工离心机的研发[C]//Kimura T,Kusakbe O,Takemura J.离心机98.鹿特丹:Balkema出版社,1998:13-18(英文版).
[5]Whitman R V,Lambe P C,Kutter B L.利用叠环装置模拟土层的初步结果[C].岩土地震工程与土动力学进展国际会议论文集.St Louis MO:[出版者不详],1981:1105-1110(英文版).
[6]Taboada V M,Dobry R.RPI1号模型试验结果[C]//Arulanandan K,Scott R F.用于土体液化问题数值程序的验证,1993:3-17(英文版).
[7]苏栋.多向地震荷载作用下砂土自由场和桩-砂系统的离心机研究[D].香港:香港科技大学(英文版),2005.
[8]Campbell K W.水平加速度峰值的近源衰减[J].美国地震协会会刊,1981,71:2039-2070(英文版).
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