地震低频信息计算储层流体流度的方法及其应用(英文)
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摘要
地震信号的低频成分包含了与储层流体流度有关的信息,本文在含流体孔隙弹性介质依赖频率的反射系数渐近分析理论基础上,推导了储层流体流度的计算实现式,构建了低频段优势频率的确定方法,利用地震信号低频段优势频率的瞬时谱,实现了储层流体流度的直接计算。文中应用该方法分别处理了渗透性储层模型的合成地震记录,以及陆上和海上地震资料,结果表明:流体流度信息对于油气储层显示了良好的成像能力,可用于确定油气储层的位置及其空间展布,降低流体识别的多解性和不确定性。
Low frequency content of seismic signals contains information related to the reservoir fluid mobility.Based on the asymptotic analysis theory of frequency-dependent reflectivity from a fluid-saturated poroelastic medium,we derive the computational implementation of reservoir fluid mobility and present the determination of optimal frequency in the implementation.We then calculate the reservoir fluid mobility using the optimal frequency instantaneous spectra at the low-frequency end of the seismic spectrum.The methodology is applied to synthetic seismic data from a permeable gas-bearing reservoir model and real land and marine seismic data.The results demonstrate that the fluid mobility shows excellent quality in imaging the gas reservoirs.It is feasible to detect the location and spatial distribution of gas reservoirs and reduce the non-uniqueness and uncertainty in fluid identification.
Low frequency content of seismic signals contains information related to the reservoir fluid mobility.Based on the asymptotic analysis theory of frequency-dependent reflectivity from a fluid-saturated poroelastic medium,we derive the computational implementation of reservoir fluid mobility and present the determination of optimal frequency in the implementation.We then calculate the reservoir fluid mobility using the optimal frequency instantaneous spectra at the low-frequency end of the seismic spectrum.The methodology is applied to synthetic seismic data from a permeable gas-bearing reservoir model and real land and marine seismic data.The results demonstrate that the fluid mobility shows excellent quality in imaging the gas reservoirs.It is feasible to detect the location and spatial distribution of gas reservoirs and reduce the non-uniqueness and uncertainty in fluid identification.
引文
Batzle,M.L., Han,D.,and Hofmann,R.,2006,Fluid mobility and frequency-dependent seismic velocity—Direct measurements: Geophysics,71(1),N1- N9.
Castagna,J.P.,Sun,S.,and Siegfried,R.W.,2003, Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hydrocarbons:The Leading Edge,22(2),120-127.
Chen,X.,He,Z.,He,X.,and Hunag,D.,2012,Numeric simulation of frequency-dependent seismic response and hydrocarbon detection,a turbidite reservoir in JZ Area, the Bohai Sea,China:AAPG 2012 Annual Convention and Exhibition,Long Beach,California,USA.
Chen,X.H? He,Z.H.,Huang,D.J? and Wen,X.T.,2009, Low frequency shadow detection of gas reservoirs in time-frequency domain:Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 52(1),215-221.
Chen,X.H.,He,Z.H.,and Zhong,W.L.,2011,Numeric simulation in the relationship between low frequency shadow and reservoir characteristic:Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,40(4),584-591.
Ebrom,D.,2004,The low-frequency gas shadow on seismic sections:The Leading Edge,23(8),772.
Goloshubin,G.M.,Connie,V.A.,Korneev,V.A.,Silin, D.,and Vingaov,V.,2006,Reservoir imaging using low frequencies of seismic reflections:The Leading Edge, 25(5),527-531.
Goloshubin,G.M.,Korneev,V.A.,and Vingalov,V.M., 2002,Seismic low-frequency effects from oil-saturated reservoir zones:72th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1813-1816.
Goloshubin,G.M.,Silin,D.,and Vingalov,V.,2008, Reservoir permeability from seismic attribute analysis: The Leading Edge,27(3),376-381.
He,Z.H.,Xiong,X.J.,and Bian,L.E.,2008,Numerical simulation of seismic low-frequency shadows and its application:Applied Geophysics,5(4),301-306.
Hilterman,F.J.,Patzek,T.W.,Goloshubin,G.,Silin,D., Sullivan,C.,and Korneev,V.,2007,Advanced reservoir imaging using frequency-dependent seismic attributes: http://petroleum.berkeley.edu/patzek/index.htm.
Korneev,V.A.,Goloshubin,G.M.,Daley,T.M.,and Silin, D.B.,2004,Seismic low frequency effects in monitoring fluid-saturated reservoirs:Geophysics,69(2),522-532.
Korneev,V.A.,Silin,D.,Goloshubin,G.M.,and Vingalov, V.,2005,Seismic imaging of oil production rate:75th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1-4.
Lichman,E.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2003,Unified approach to gas and fluid detection on instantaneous seismic wavelets:73th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1699-1702.
Lichman,E.,Peters,S.W.,and Squyres,D.H.,2004a, Wavelet energy absorption-2:Here are velocity aspects of wavelet energy absorption:Oil & Gas Journal,102(3), 36-44.
Lichman,E.,Peters,S.W.,and Squyres,D.H.,2004b,Four ??examples show functions of wavelet energy absorption: Oil & Gas Journal,102(4),48 - 52.
Liu,Y,2004,Seismic "low frequency shadows" for gas sand reflection:74th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1563 - 1566.
Quintal,B.,Schmalholz,S.M.,Podladchikov,Y Y,and Carcione,J.M.,2007,Seismic low-frequency anomalies in multiple reflections from thinly-layered poroelastic reservoirs:77th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abst6racts,1690- 1695.
Silin,D.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2008,Seismic wave reflection from a permeable layer:Low-frequency asymptotic analysis:ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition,47 - 56,Boston,Massachusetts,USA.
Silin,D.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2009,A low-frequency asymptotic model of seismic reflection from a high-permeability layer:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report,Berkeley,California,USA.
Silin,D.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2010,An asymptotic model of seismic reflection from a permeable layer: Transport in Porous Media,83(1),233 - 256.
Silin,D.B.,Korneev,V.A.,Goloshubin,G.M.,and Patzek, T.W.,2004,A hydrologic view on Biot's theory of poroelasticity:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report,Berkeley,California,USA.
Sun,S.,Castagna,J.P.,and Siegfried,R.W.,2002, Examples of enhanced spectral processing in direct hydrocarbon detection:72nd AAPG Annual Meeting, Houston,Texas,10-13.
Tai,S.,Puryear,C,and Castagna,J.P.,2009,Local frequency as a direct hydrocarbon indicator:79th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2160-2164.
Castagna,J.P.,Sun,S.,and Siegfried,R.W.,2003, Instantaneous spectral analysis:Detection of low-frequency shadows associated with hydrocarbons:The Leading Edge,22(2),120-127.
Chen,X.,He,Z.,He,X.,and Hunag,D.,2012,Numeric simulation of frequency-dependent seismic response and hydrocarbon detection,a turbidite reservoir in JZ Area, the Bohai Sea,China:AAPG 2012 Annual Convention and Exhibition,Long Beach,California,USA.
Chen,X.H? He,Z.H.,Huang,D.J? and Wen,X.T.,2009, Low frequency shadow detection of gas reservoirs in time-frequency domain:Chinese Journal of Geophysics, 52(1),215-221.
Chen,X.H.,He,Z.H.,and Zhong,W.L.,2011,Numeric simulation in the relationship between low frequency shadow and reservoir characteristic:Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,40(4),584-591.
Ebrom,D.,2004,The low-frequency gas shadow on seismic sections:The Leading Edge,23(8),772.
Goloshubin,G.M.,Connie,V.A.,Korneev,V.A.,Silin, D.,and Vingaov,V.,2006,Reservoir imaging using low frequencies of seismic reflections:The Leading Edge, 25(5),527-531.
Goloshubin,G.M.,Korneev,V.A.,and Vingalov,V.M., 2002,Seismic low-frequency effects from oil-saturated reservoir zones:72th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1813-1816.
Goloshubin,G.M.,Silin,D.,and Vingalov,V.,2008, Reservoir permeability from seismic attribute analysis: The Leading Edge,27(3),376-381.
He,Z.H.,Xiong,X.J.,and Bian,L.E.,2008,Numerical simulation of seismic low-frequency shadows and its application:Applied Geophysics,5(4),301-306.
Hilterman,F.J.,Patzek,T.W.,Goloshubin,G.,Silin,D., Sullivan,C.,and Korneev,V.,2007,Advanced reservoir imaging using frequency-dependent seismic attributes: http://petroleum.berkeley.edu/patzek/index.htm.
Korneev,V.A.,Goloshubin,G.M.,Daley,T.M.,and Silin, D.B.,2004,Seismic low frequency effects in monitoring fluid-saturated reservoirs:Geophysics,69(2),522-532.
Korneev,V.A.,Silin,D.,Goloshubin,G.M.,and Vingalov, V.,2005,Seismic imaging of oil production rate:75th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1-4.
Lichman,E.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2003,Unified approach to gas and fluid detection on instantaneous seismic wavelets:73th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1699-1702.
Lichman,E.,Peters,S.W.,and Squyres,D.H.,2004a, Wavelet energy absorption-2:Here are velocity aspects of wavelet energy absorption:Oil & Gas Journal,102(3), 36-44.
Lichman,E.,Peters,S.W.,and Squyres,D.H.,2004b,Four ??examples show functions of wavelet energy absorption: Oil & Gas Journal,102(4),48 - 52.
Liu,Y,2004,Seismic "low frequency shadows" for gas sand reflection:74th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,1563 - 1566.
Quintal,B.,Schmalholz,S.M.,Podladchikov,Y Y,and Carcione,J.M.,2007,Seismic low-frequency anomalies in multiple reflections from thinly-layered poroelastic reservoirs:77th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor. Geophys.,Expanded Abst6racts,1690- 1695.
Silin,D.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2008,Seismic wave reflection from a permeable layer:Low-frequency asymptotic analysis:ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition,47 - 56,Boston,Massachusetts,USA.
Silin,D.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2009,A low-frequency asymptotic model of seismic reflection from a high-permeability layer:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report,Berkeley,California,USA.
Silin,D.,and Goloshubin,G.M.,2010,An asymptotic model of seismic reflection from a permeable layer: Transport in Porous Media,83(1),233 - 256.
Silin,D.B.,Korneev,V.A.,Goloshubin,G.M.,and Patzek, T.W.,2004,A hydrologic view on Biot's theory of poroelasticity:Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Report,Berkeley,California,USA.
Sun,S.,Castagna,J.P.,and Siegfried,R.W.,2002, Examples of enhanced spectral processing in direct hydrocarbon detection:72nd AAPG Annual Meeting, Houston,Texas,10-13.
Tai,S.,Puryear,C,and Castagna,J.P.,2009,Local frequency as a direct hydrocarbon indicator:79th Ann.Internat.Mtg.,Soc.Explor.Geophys.,Expanded Abstracts,2160-2164.
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