地磁场与电离层异常现象及其与地震的关系
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摘要
利用中国地磁台网与电离层台站资料,总结了大地震前出现的地磁低点位移、地磁日变异常及电离层f_0F_2(F_2层临界频率)异常现象。对比研究了1997年11月8日玛尼7.5级与2001年11月14日昆仑山口西8.1级地震前磁场与电离层异常分布及特征。结果显示,两次巨大地震前磁场与电离层短临异常时空分布特征有较好的一致性,震中周围出现日变异常、拉萨台出现电离层f_0F_2明显异常;震前约1个月出现地磁低点位移,其突变分界线通过震中地区。
On the basis of data from the geomagnetic network and ionospheric observatories in China, the geomagnetic low point displacement, diurnal variation anomalies of geomagnetic field and ionospheric f_0F_2 (critical frequency of F_2 layer) anomaly phenomena before large earthquakes have been summarized. Anomaly distribution and characteristics of geomagnetic variation field and ionospheric f_0F_2 before Mani MS 7.5 earthquake on Nov.8, 1997, and Kunlunshan MS 8.1 earthquake on Nov. 14, 2001, have been comparatively studied. The result shows that the temporal spatial characteristics of short term and imminent anomalies of geomagnetic field and ionosphere are consistent. The obvious anomalies of diurnal variation of geomagnetic field near epicentral area and ionospheric f_0F_2 at Lhasa observation are found. The geomagnetic low point displacements appeared about one month before the two great earthquakes, the boundary lines of sudden change passed through the epicentral area.
On the basis of data from the geomagnetic network and ionospheric observatories in China, the geomagnetic low point displacement, diurnal variation anomalies of geomagnetic field and ionospheric f_0F_2 (critical frequency of F_2 layer) anomaly phenomena before large earthquakes have been summarized. Anomaly distribution and characteristics of geomagnetic variation field and ionospheric f_0F_2 before Mani MS 7.5 earthquake on Nov.8, 1997, and Kunlunshan MS 8.1 earthquake on Nov. 14, 2001, have been comparatively studied. The result shows that the temporal spatial characteristics of short term and imminent anomalies of geomagnetic field and ionosphere are consistent. The obvious anomalies of diurnal variation of geomagnetic field near epicentral area and ionospheric f_0F_2 at Lhasa observation are found. The geomagnetic low point displacements appeared about one month before the two great earthquakes, the boundary lines of sudden change passed through the epicentral area.
引文
[1] Ding Jianhai, Lu Zhenye, Huang Xuexiang. Seismogeomagnetism. Beijing: Seismological Press, 1994. 253—267. in Chinese(丁鉴海，卢振业，黄雪香．地震地磁学．北京：地震出版社，1994．253—267)
[2] Ding Jianhai, Yu Surong, Xiao Wujun. Earthquake precursor and short-imminent prediction exploration. Earthquake, 2003, 25(3):43—50. in Chinese(丁鉴海，余素荣，肖武军．地震前兆与短，临预报探索．地震，2003，25(3)：43—50)
[3] Zhang Donghe, Xiao Zuo. Study of the Ionospheric TEC using GPS during the large solar flare burst on Nov.6, 1997. Chin. Sci. Bull., 2000, 45(19):1749—1751
[4] Zhang Donghe, Xiao Zuo. Analysis of correlative ionospheric TEC disturbances during solar flare. Chin. Sci. Bull., 2002, 47(12):975—977
[5] Klobuchar J A, Fougere P F, Hendrichson D H. 1982 a large amplitude traveling ionospheric disturbance produced by the May 18 Explosion of Mount St. Helens. J. Geophys. Res., 1980, 87(A8):6291—6301
[6] Pulinet S A, Legen'ka A D, Karpachev A T. Level on the possibility of the earthquake prediction on the basis of the topside satellite sounding. Izmiran, 1991, 34(981):25—26
[7] Pulinets S A. Seismic activity as a source of ionospheric variability. Adv. Space Res., 1998, 22(l):903—906
[8] Xong hao. Radio Wave Propagation. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2000, 65—102. in Chinese(熊皓．无线电波传播．北京：电子工业出版社，2000，65—102)
[9] Sou Yucheng. Seasonal variation of f_0F_2 Chin. J. Radio Sci., 1995, 10(4):83—89. in Chinese(索玉成．f_0F_2的季节变化特征．电波科学学报，1995，10(4)：83—93)
[10] Ding Jianhai, Huang Xuexiang, Xing Ruying et al. Geomagnetic low-point displacement phenomena and their relation to earthquakes. Acta Seismol. Sinica, 1989, 2(4):552—561. in Chinese(丁鉴海，黄雪香，邢如英等．地磁“低点位移”现象及其与地震的关系．地震学报，1988，10(4)：552—561)
[11] Ding Jianhai, Suo Yucheng, Yu Surong et al. Comparison study on short-term anomalies of ionosphere and geomagnetic field before Kunlunshan MS 8.1 earthquake. Earthquake, 24(l):104—111. in Chinese(丁鉴海，索玉成，余素荣等．昆仑山口西8.1级地震前电离层与磁场短期异常对比研究．地震．2004，24(1)：104—111)
[12] Xu Wenyao. Sq "low-point displacement" caused by the electric field of magnetosphere. Seismol. Geomag. Obs. Res., 1985, 6(1):8—12. in Chinese(徐文耀．磁层电场引起的Sq“低点位移”．地震地磁观测与研究，1985，6(1)：8—12)
[13] Markus Bath. Spectral Analysis in Geophysics. New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1974, 285—287
[2] Ding Jianhai, Yu Surong, Xiao Wujun. Earthquake precursor and short-imminent prediction exploration. Earthquake, 2003, 25(3):43—50. in Chinese(丁鉴海，余素荣，肖武军．地震前兆与短，临预报探索．地震，2003，25(3)：43—50)
[3] Zhang Donghe, Xiao Zuo. Study of the Ionospheric TEC using GPS during the large solar flare burst on Nov.6, 1997. Chin. Sci. Bull., 2000, 45(19):1749—1751
[4] Zhang Donghe, Xiao Zuo. Analysis of correlative ionospheric TEC disturbances during solar flare. Chin. Sci. Bull., 2002, 47(12):975—977
[5] Klobuchar J A, Fougere P F, Hendrichson D H. 1982 a large amplitude traveling ionospheric disturbance produced by the May 18 Explosion of Mount St. Helens. J. Geophys. Res., 1980, 87(A8):6291—6301
[6] Pulinet S A, Legen'ka A D, Karpachev A T. Level on the possibility of the earthquake prediction on the basis of the topside satellite sounding. Izmiran, 1991, 34(981):25—26
[7] Pulinets S A. Seismic activity as a source of ionospheric variability. Adv. Space Res., 1998, 22(l):903—906
[8] Xong hao. Radio Wave Propagation. Beijing: Publishing House of Electronics Industry, 2000, 65—102. in Chinese(熊皓．无线电波传播．北京：电子工业出版社，2000，65—102)
[9] Sou Yucheng. Seasonal variation of f_0F_2 Chin. J. Radio Sci., 1995, 10(4):83—89. in Chinese(索玉成．f_0F_2的季节变化特征．电波科学学报，1995，10(4)：83—93)
[10] Ding Jianhai, Huang Xuexiang, Xing Ruying et al. Geomagnetic low-point displacement phenomena and their relation to earthquakes. Acta Seismol. Sinica, 1989, 2(4):552—561. in Chinese(丁鉴海，黄雪香，邢如英等．地磁“低点位移”现象及其与地震的关系．地震学报，1988，10(4)：552—561)
[11] Ding Jianhai, Suo Yucheng, Yu Surong et al. Comparison study on short-term anomalies of ionosphere and geomagnetic field before Kunlunshan MS 8.1 earthquake. Earthquake, 24(l):104—111. in Chinese(丁鉴海，索玉成，余素荣等．昆仑山口西8.1级地震前电离层与磁场短期异常对比研究．地震．2004，24(1)：104—111)
[12] Xu Wenyao. Sq "low-point displacement" caused by the electric field of magnetosphere. Seismol. Geomag. Obs. Res., 1985, 6(1):8—12. in Chinese(徐文耀．磁层电场引起的Sq“低点位移”．地震地磁观测与研究，1985，6(1)：8—12)
[13] Markus Bath. Spectral Analysis in Geophysics. New York: Elsevier Scientific Publishing Company, 1974, 285—287
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