Hilbert-Huang变换在爆破震动信号分析中的应用
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摘要
介绍了Hilbert Huang变换(HHT)法的原理、内容和优越性,并用仿真信号进行实例分析,以验证其关键技术经验模态分解(EMD)的高效性、自适应性,以及其时频图能定量地描述时间与瞬时频率的关系。用HHT法对爆破震动信号进行分析与处理。研究结果表明:EMD能很好地按不同的时间尺度对信号进行分解,分解后的固有模态函数能反映信号本身所固有的特性;能将Hilbert能量谱中的信号能量清晰地表示在时间-频率-能量的分布图上;HHT法能有效地提取爆破震动信号的时频特征;HHT法比小波分析更具适应性,为爆破震动信号的分析与处理提供了新的研究思路与方向。
The principle,contents and superiorities of HilbertHuang transform(HHT) were briefly introduced and example analysis was carried out with simulative signal on computer,and blasting vibration signal was analyzed and processed as an example as well.The results show that the empirical mode decomposition method which is the key of HHT method with different time scales can efficiently decompose the blasting vibration signal into intrinsic mode functions reflecting the intrinsic characteristics of the signal,and the signal energy can be clearly shown on the Hilbert energy spectrum with an energyfrequencytime distribution.Besides,the HHT method,which is more adaptive than other methods,can draw timefrequency characteristics from blasting vibration signal and provides a new research approach to blasting vibration analyzing and processing.
The principle,contents and superiorities of HilbertHuang transform(HHT) were briefly introduced and example analysis was carried out with simulative signal on computer,and blasting vibration signal was analyzed and processed as an example as well.The results show that the empirical mode decomposition method which is the key of HHT method with different time scales can efficiently decompose the blasting vibration signal into intrinsic mode functions reflecting the intrinsic characteristics of the signal,and the signal energy can be clearly shown on the Hilbert energy spectrum with an energyfrequencytime distribution.Besides,the HHT method,which is more adaptive than other methods,can draw timefrequency characteristics from blasting vibration signal and provides a new research approach to blasting vibration analyzing and processing.
引文
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[11]Huang N E,Shen Z,long S R,et al.The empiricalmode decomposition and the hilbert spectrum for non-linear and nonstationary time series analysis[J].ProRoy Soc London A,1998,454:903 995.
[12]ZHAO Jin-ping,HUANG Da-ji.Mirror extendingand circular spline function for empirical mode de-composition method[J].Journal of Zhejiang Univer-sity(Science),2001,2(3):247 252.
[13]ZHANG Rui-chong,MA Shuo,et al.Interpretationand application of hilbert-huang transformation forseismic performance analyses[J].Technical Councilon Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Monograph,2003,25:657 666.
[14]丁康,陈健林,苏向荣,平稳和非平稳振动信号的若干处理方法及发展[J].振动工程学报,2003,16(1):1 10.DING Kang,CHEN Jian-lin,SU Xiang-rong.Devel-opment in vibration signal analysis and processingmethods[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2003,16(1):1 10.
[15]胡昌华,张军波,夏军.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计———小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.HU Chang-hua,ZHANG Jun-bo,XIA Jun.SystemAnalysis and Design Based on MATLAB6.X-Wave-let Analysis[M].Xi′an:Xidian University Press,1999.
[2]汪旭光,于亚伦.关于爆破震动安全判据的几个问题[J].工程爆破,2001,7(2):88 92.WANG Xu-guang,YU Ya-lun.On several problems ofsafety criterion for blasting vibration engineering blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2001,7(2):88 92.
[3]张贤达,保铮.非平稳信号分析与处理[M].北京:国防工业出版社,1998.ZHANG Xan-da,BAO Zhen.Analysis and processingof nonstationary signal[M].Beijing:National DefenceIndustry Press,1998.
[4]林大超,施惠基,白春华,等.爆炸地震效应的时频分析[J].爆炸与冲击,2003,23(1):31 35.LIN Da-chao,SHI Hui-ji,BAI Chun-hua,et al.Time-frequency analysis of explosion seismic effects[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2003,23(1):3135.
[5]何军,于亚伦,梁文基.爆破地震信号的小波分析[J].岩土工程学报,1998,20(1):47 50.HE Jun,YU Ya-lun,LIANG Wen-ji.Wavelet analy-sis for blasting seismic signals[J].Chinese Journal ofGeotechnical Engineering,1998,20(1):47 50.
[6]宋光明.爆破振动小波包分析理论与应用研究[D].长沙:中南大学资源环境与建筑工程学院,2001.SONG Guan-ming.Wavelet Packet Analysis of Blas-ting Vibration:Theory and Applications[D].Chang-sha:School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Cen-tral South University,2001.
[7]凌同华.爆破震动效应及其灾害的主动控制[D].长沙:中南大学资源与安全工程学院,2004.LING Tong-hua.Blast Vibration Effect and InitiativeControl of Vibrational Damage[D].Changsha:Schoolof Resources and Safety Engineering,Central SouthUniversity,2004.
[8]崔锦泰.小波分析导论[M].西安:西安交通大学出版社,1995.CUI Jin-tai.Theoretical System of Wavelet Packet[M].Xi′an:Xi′an Jiaotong University Press,1995.
[9]石春香,罗奇峰.时程信号的Hilbert-Huang变换与小波分析[J].地震学报,2003,25(4):398 405.SHI Chun-xiang,LUO Qi-feng.Hilbert-huang trans-form and wavelet analysis of time history signal[J].Journal of Earthquake,2003,25(4):398 405.
[10]仲佑明,秦树人,汤宝平.一种振动信号新变换法的研究[J].振动工程学报,2002,15(2):233 238.ZHONG You-ming,QIN Shu-ren,TANG Bao-ping.Study on a new transform method for vibration signal[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2002,15(2):233 238.
[11]Huang N E,Shen Z,long S R,et al.The empiricalmode decomposition and the hilbert spectrum for non-linear and nonstationary time series analysis[J].ProRoy Soc London A,1998,454:903 995.
[12]ZHAO Jin-ping,HUANG Da-ji.Mirror extendingand circular spline function for empirical mode de-composition method[J].Journal of Zhejiang Univer-sity(Science),2001,2(3):247 252.
[13]ZHANG Rui-chong,MA Shuo,et al.Interpretationand application of hilbert-huang transformation forseismic performance analyses[J].Technical Councilon Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Monograph,2003,25:657 666.
[14]丁康,陈健林,苏向荣,平稳和非平稳振动信号的若干处理方法及发展[J].振动工程学报,2003,16(1):1 10.DING Kang,CHEN Jian-lin,SU Xiang-rong.Devel-opment in vibration signal analysis and processingmethods[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2003,16(1):1 10.
[15]胡昌华,张军波,夏军.基于MATLAB的系统分析与设计———小波分析[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,1999.HU Chang-hua,ZHANG Jun-bo,XIA Jun.SystemAnalysis and Design Based on MATLAB6.X-Wave-let Analysis[M].Xi′an:Xidian University Press,1999.
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