黄河三角洲粉质土的动模量和阻尼比试验研究
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摘要
结合室内共振柱和动三轴实验,对黄河三角洲饱和原状粉质土体(粉土、粉砂、粉质粘土)动模量和阻尼比的影响因素和发展规律进行了详细的研究。研究表明,在粉粒和粘粒含量对动模量的共同影响中,粉粒含量起着举足起重的作用;侧限压力对归一化剪模比和阻尼比的影响均较显著,相比粘粒含量的影响不大。通过与Seed建议的砂土及饱和粘土的G/Gm ax~γ曲线和λ~γ曲线进行对比,结果显示研究区的粉质土相比一般的砂土和饱和粘土而言,其动力变形特性更接近于砂土,但是与砂土也存在着非常明显的差异;其发展规律与其他地区沉积粉质土也较为不同,具有明显的区域性。采用修正了的Hard in-D rnevich模型和对数模型分别对G/Gm ax~γ曲线和λ~γ曲线进行拟合,给出了三类粉质土的归一化动力变形G/Gm ax~γ/γr关系曲线,对模型中有关参数的影响因素做了初步的探讨。
Based on resonance column method and dynamic triaxial tests, shear modulus and damping ratio characteristics of saturated silty soil (silt, silty sand or silty clay) in the delta of Yellow River were studied in detail. The results show that the silt content has a great influence on dynamic shear modulus. Normalized shear modulus and damping ratios vs. shear strain curves are both affected by confining pressure, and the effect of clay content is not significant. By comparing test results with the modulus reduction and damping ratio curves for sand and saturated clay suggested by Seed, once can conclude that the dynamic characteristics of deformation of the silty soil is very similar to those of sand, but there is a distinct difference. The trend of the modulus reduction and damping ratio curves from our test is also different with silty soils in other area. Modified Hardin-Drnevich models and logistic models are used to describe the trend of the normalized modulus reduction curves and damping ratios vs. shear strain curves in the paper.
Based on resonance column method and dynamic triaxial tests, shear modulus and damping ratio characteristics of saturated silty soil (silt, silty sand or silty clay) in the delta of Yellow River were studied in detail. The results show that the silt content has a great influence on dynamic shear modulus. Normalized shear modulus and damping ratios vs. shear strain curves are both affected by confining pressure, and the effect of clay content is not significant. By comparing test results with the modulus reduction and damping ratio curves for sand and saturated clay suggested by Seed, once can conclude that the dynamic characteristics of deformation of the silty soil is very similar to those of sand, but there is a distinct difference. The trend of the modulus reduction and damping ratio curves from our test is also different with silty soils in other area. Modified Hardin-Drnevich models and logistic models are used to describe the trend of the normalized modulus reduction curves and damping ratios vs. shear strain curves in the paper.
引文
[1]霍素霞,许国辉,贾永刚.黄河三角洲土体非均匀性及对底坡微地貌形成影响[J].工程地质学报,2003,11(2):138~142.Huo Suxia,Xu Guohu i,Jia Yonggang.The inhomogeneity of soilmass on the Yellow R iver D elta and its effect on the formation ofslope m icromorphology.Journal of Engineering Geology,2003,11(2):138~142.
[2]薛春汀,周永青,朱雄华.晚更新世末至公元前7世纪的黄河流向和黄河三角洲[J].海洋学报,2004,26(1):48~61.Xue Chunting,Zhou Yongq ing,Zhu X ionghua.TheHuanghe R iv-er course and delta from end of Late P leistocene to the 7 th centuryBC.Acta Oceanologica S in ica,2004,26(1):48~61.
[3]单红仙.黄河水下三角洲表层工程地质环境动态变化研究[D].博士学位论文,青岛,中国海洋大学,2003,33(1):80~86.Shan Hongxian.Dynam ic variations of subsurface engineering geo-logical environm ent on the Subaqueous D elta ofYellow R iver.Doc-tor degree d issertation,Q ingdao,Ocean Un iversity of Ch ina,2003,33(1):80~86.
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[6]黄润秋,余嘉顺.软弱夹层特性对地震波强度影响的模拟研究[J].工程地质学报,2003,11(3):312~317.Huang Runq iu,Yu Jiashun.Modeling of the effect of properties ofa buried weak layer on seism ic waves.Journal of Engineering Ge-ology,2003,11(3):312~317.
[7]Atk inson J.H,Sallfors G.Experim ental determ ination of soilproperties[J].General Report to Session 1.Proc.10thEC-SMFE,Florence,1991,(3):915~956.
[8]MAIR R.J.D evelopm ents in geotechn ical engineering research:Application to tunnels and deep excavations[J].Proc.Instn.C iv.Engrs.London,1993,(3):27~41.
[9]阮永芬,巫志辉.饱和粉土的若干动力特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(4):100~106.Ruan Yongfen,W u Zh ihu i.Som e dynam ic properties of saturatedsandy loam.Ch inese Journal ofGeotechn ical Engineering,1995,17(4),:100~106.
[10]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华,吴世明.粉土和粉砂的动力特性试验研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2002,36(2):143~147.Huang Bo,Chen Yongm in,Y ing Jianhua,W u sh im ing,Laborato-ry study on dynam ic properties of silt and silty sand.Journal ofZhejiang Un iversity(Engineering Science),2002,36(2):143~147.
[11]Seed H B,Idriss I M.Soil modu li and damp ing factors for dy-nam ic response analyses[R].EERC,ReportNo.0-10,1970.
[12]胡庆兴,刘雪珠,陈国兴.淮安市典型土动力特性的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):144~148.Hu Q ingxing,L iu X iuzhu,Chen Guoxin,Experim ental study ondynam ic property of typ ical soils forHuaian C ity[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering V ibration,2003,23(6):144~148.
[13]吴燕开,刘松玉,洪振舜.土层工程性质与其沉积环境关系分析研究[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(3):263~267,.W u Yankai,L iu Songyyu,Hong Zhenshun.The relationsh ip be-tween the geotechn ical properties and the deposited environm entfor the soil.Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(3):263~267.
[14]陈国兴,谢君斐,张克绪.土的动模量和阻尼比的经验估计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1995,15(1):73~84.Chen Guoxing,X ie Junfei,Zhang Kexu.The emp irical evaluationof soil modu li and damp ing ratio for dynam ic analysis.Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering V ibration,1995,15(1):73~84.
[15]Hard in B O,D rnevich V P.Shear modu lus and damp ing ratiosoils:D esign equation sand curves[J].Journal of the SoilM e-chan ics and Foundations D ivision,1972,98(7):667~691.
[16]刘汉龙,余湘娟.土动力学与岩土地震工程研究进展[J].河海大学学报,1999,27(1):6~15.L iu Han long,Yu X iangjuan,Advance in soil dynam itic sandgeotechn ical earthquake engineering.Journal ofHohai Un iversi-ty,1999,27(1):6~15.
[17]陈国兴,刘雪珠.南京及邻近地区新近沉积土的动剪切模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(8):1403~1410.Chen Guoxing,L iu Xuezhu Testing study no ratio of dynam icshearmodu li and ration of damp ing for recently deposited soils inNan jing and its neighboring areas.Ch inese Journal of Rock M e-chan ics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1403~1410.
[18]黄雨,陈竹昌,周红波.上海软土的动力计算模型[J],同济大学学报,2000,28(3):359~363.Huang Yu,Chen Zhuchang,Zhou Hongbo.Dynam ic calcu lationmodel of Shanghai soft soil.Journal of Tongji Un iversity,2000,28(3):359~363.
[19]牟崇元,常宝琦.等幅循环荷载作用下土的动剪模量和阻尼[J],华南地震,1991,11(2):13~22.Mu Chongyuan,Chang Baoq i.Dynam ic modu lus and damp ing ofsoil under cyclic load ing w ith equal amplitudes.South Ch ina Jour-nal of seismology,1991,11(2):13~22.
[20]SugitoM,Goda H,Masuda T.Frequency dependent equ i-line-arized techn ique for seism ic response analysis of mu lti-layeredground[J].Doboku Gakkai Rombun-Hokokushu/Proc JapanSoc C ivil Engng,1994,493(32):49~58.
[21]Assimak i,D.,Kausel,E.,W h ittle,A.Model for dynam icshear modu lus and damp ing for granu lar soils[J].Journal ofGeotechn ical and Geoenvironm ental Engineering,ASCE,2000,126(10):859~869.
[2]薛春汀,周永青,朱雄华.晚更新世末至公元前7世纪的黄河流向和黄河三角洲[J].海洋学报,2004,26(1):48~61.Xue Chunting,Zhou Yongq ing,Zhu X ionghua.TheHuanghe R iv-er course and delta from end of Late P leistocene to the 7 th centuryBC.Acta Oceanologica S in ica,2004,26(1):48~61.
[3]单红仙.黄河水下三角洲表层工程地质环境动态变化研究[D].博士学位论文,青岛,中国海洋大学,2003,33(1):80~86.Shan Hongxian.Dynam ic variations of subsurface engineering geo-logical environm ent on the Subaqueous D elta ofYellow R iver.Doc-tor degree d issertation,Q ingdao,Ocean Un iversity of Ch ina,2003,33(1):80~86.
[4]郑继民.中国海洋工程研究[J].工程地质学报,1994,2STBZ〗(1):90~96.Zhen Jim in.Research of Marine engineering geology in Ch ina.Journal of Engineering Geology,1994,2(1):90~96.
[5]N.Z.Lu,J.N.Suhayda,D.B.,Prior.Sed im ent th ixotropy andsubmarine mass movem ent,Huanghe D elta,Ch ina,Geo-MarineLetters,1991,(11):19~25.
[6]黄润秋,余嘉顺.软弱夹层特性对地震波强度影响的模拟研究[J].工程地质学报,2003,11(3):312~317.Huang Runq iu,Yu Jiashun.Modeling of the effect of properties ofa buried weak layer on seism ic waves.Journal of Engineering Ge-ology,2003,11(3):312~317.
[7]Atk inson J.H,Sallfors G.Experim ental determ ination of soilproperties[J].General Report to Session 1.Proc.10thEC-SMFE,Florence,1991,(3):915~956.
[8]MAIR R.J.D evelopm ents in geotechn ical engineering research:Application to tunnels and deep excavations[J].Proc.Instn.C iv.Engrs.London,1993,(3):27~41.
[9]阮永芬,巫志辉.饱和粉土的若干动力特性研究[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(4):100~106.Ruan Yongfen,W u Zh ihu i.Som e dynam ic properties of saturatedsandy loam.Ch inese Journal ofGeotechn ical Engineering,1995,17(4),:100~106.
[10]黄博,陈云敏,殷建华,吴世明.粉土和粉砂的动力特性试验研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2002,36(2):143~147.Huang Bo,Chen Yongm in,Y ing Jianhua,W u sh im ing,Laborato-ry study on dynam ic properties of silt and silty sand.Journal ofZhejiang Un iversity(Engineering Science),2002,36(2):143~147.
[11]Seed H B,Idriss I M.Soil modu li and damp ing factors for dy-nam ic response analyses[R].EERC,ReportNo.0-10,1970.
[12]胡庆兴,刘雪珠,陈国兴.淮安市典型土动力特性的试验研究[J].地震工程与工程振动,2003,23(6):144~148.Hu Q ingxing,L iu X iuzhu,Chen Guoxin,Experim ental study ondynam ic property of typ ical soils forHuaian C ity[J].EarthquakeEngineering and Engineering V ibration,2003,23(6):144~148.
[13]吴燕开,刘松玉,洪振舜.土层工程性质与其沉积环境关系分析研究[J].工程地质学报,2004,12(3):263~267,.W u Yankai,L iu Songyyu,Hong Zhenshun.The relationsh ip be-tween the geotechn ical properties and the deposited environm entfor the soil.Journal of Engineering Geology,2004,12(3):263~267.
[14]陈国兴,谢君斐,张克绪.土的动模量和阻尼比的经验估计[J].地震工程与工程振动,1995,15(1):73~84.Chen Guoxing,X ie Junfei,Zhang Kexu.The emp irical evaluationof soil modu li and damp ing ratio for dynam ic analysis.Earth-quake Engineering and Engineering V ibration,1995,15(1):73~84.
[15]Hard in B O,D rnevich V P.Shear modu lus and damp ing ratiosoils:D esign equation sand curves[J].Journal of the SoilM e-chan ics and Foundations D ivision,1972,98(7):667~691.
[16]刘汉龙,余湘娟.土动力学与岩土地震工程研究进展[J].河海大学学报,1999,27(1):6~15.L iu Han long,Yu X iangjuan,Advance in soil dynam itic sandgeotechn ical earthquake engineering.Journal ofHohai Un iversi-ty,1999,27(1):6~15.
[17]陈国兴,刘雪珠.南京及邻近地区新近沉积土的动剪切模量和阻尼比的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(8):1403~1410.Chen Guoxing,L iu Xuezhu Testing study no ratio of dynam icshearmodu li and ration of damp ing for recently deposited soils inNan jing and its neighboring areas.Ch inese Journal of Rock M e-chan ics and Engineering,2004,23(8):1403~1410.
[18]黄雨,陈竹昌,周红波.上海软土的动力计算模型[J],同济大学学报,2000,28(3):359~363.Huang Yu,Chen Zhuchang,Zhou Hongbo.Dynam ic calcu lationmodel of Shanghai soft soil.Journal of Tongji Un iversity,2000,28(3):359~363.
[19]牟崇元,常宝琦.等幅循环荷载作用下土的动剪模量和阻尼[J],华南地震,1991,11(2):13~22.Mu Chongyuan,Chang Baoq i.Dynam ic modu lus and damp ing ofsoil under cyclic load ing w ith equal amplitudes.South Ch ina Jour-nal of seismology,1991,11(2):13~22.
[20]SugitoM,Goda H,Masuda T.Frequency dependent equ i-line-arized techn ique for seism ic response analysis of mu lti-layeredground[J].Doboku Gakkai Rombun-Hokokushu/Proc JapanSoc C ivil Engng,1994,493(32):49~58.
[21]Assimak i,D.,Kausel,E.,W h ittle,A.Model for dynam icshear modu lus and damp ing for granu lar soils[J].Journal ofGeotechn ical and Geoenvironm ental Engineering,ASCE,2000,126(10):859~869.
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