岩石物理模型约束拉梅参数提取方法
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摘要
利用基于岩石物理模型的最优振幅随偏移距变化(AVO)线性近似公式,构建满足近临界角条件精度要求的反射系数近似公式,在地震记录的褶积理论假设前提下,结合贝叶斯理论的最大后验概率估计方法推导了最优系数的反演目标函数,考虑到拉梅参数λ和μ对地下储层信息的敏感特性,进一步将最优系数转换为拉梅参数,实现以岩石物理模型为软约束的拉梅参数提取。通过模型试算验证了方法的有效性和提取参数的高抗噪性,最后将此方法应用于实际叠前地震道集,取得了较好的储层描述结果。该方法鲁棒性较强,可以为后续的储层预测与烃类检测提供较为可靠的数据基础。
By using optimal amplitude variation with offset(AVO) linear approximation formula based on rock physics model,the reflection coefficient approximation formula which satisfies the accuracy in the condition of near critical angle incidence was constructed.On the assumption of seismic convolution theory,the inversion object function for the optimal coefficients was derived by the solution estimation method of Bayesian maximum posterior probability density.Lame parameters were sensitive to the underground reservoir,so the optimal coefficients were transferred into Lame parameters further,and the extraction of Lame parameters based on the soft constraint of rock physics model was realized.The model test verifies the validity of the method and high noise immunity of the extracted parameters.Finally,this method was applied to the real prestack seismic gather and the preferable results for reservoir description were gotten.This method is so robust that it can supply reliable data for the follow-up reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon identification.
By using optimal amplitude variation with offset(AVO) linear approximation formula based on rock physics model,the reflection coefficient approximation formula which satisfies the accuracy in the condition of near critical angle incidence was constructed.On the assumption of seismic convolution theory,the inversion object function for the optimal coefficients was derived by the solution estimation method of Bayesian maximum posterior probability density.Lame parameters were sensitive to the underground reservoir,so the optimal coefficients were transferred into Lame parameters further,and the extraction of Lame parameters based on the soft constraint of rock physics model was realized.The model test verifies the validity of the method and high noise immunity of the extracted parameters.Finally,this method was applied to the real prestack seismic gather and the preferable results for reservoir description were gotten.This method is so robust that it can supply reliable data for the follow-up reservoir prediction and hydrocarbon identification.
引文
[1]AKI,RICHARDS PG.定量地震学:理论和方法(第一卷)[M].李钦祖,邹其嘉,译.北京:地震出版社,1987:146-168.
[2]王振国,陈小宏,王克斌,等.利用振幅随炮检距变化检测油气藏的有效方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(2):41-45.WANG Zhen-guo,CHEN Xiao-hong,WANG Ke-bin,etal.An effective method of detecting oil and gas reservoirusing amplitude versus offset[J].Journal of China Uni-versity of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(2):41-45.
[3]SIMMONS J L,BACKUS M M.Waveform-based AVOinversion and AVO prediction error[J].Geophysics,1996,61(6):1575-1588.
[4]TARANTALA A.Inversion problem theory and methodsfor model parameter estimation[M].Philadelphia:Socie-ty for Industry and Applied Mathematics,2004.
[5]SMITH G C,GIDLOW P M.Weighted stacking for rockproperty estimation and detection of gas[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1987,35:993-101.
[6]BULAND A,OMREH.Bayesian linearized AVO inver-sion[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):185-198.
[7]DOWNTON J,LINES L.Constrained three parameterAVO inversion and uncertainty analysis[C/OL].71thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,San Antonio,TX,USA,September 9-14,2001.http://library.seg.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?filetype=pdf&id=SEGE-AB000020000001000251000001&idtype=cvips&prog=search.
[8]DOWNTON J,LINES L.Three term AVO waveform inver-sion[C/OL]//74th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Denver Co,USA,October 10-15,2004.[2004-10-09]ht-tp://library.seg.org/getpd f/servlet/GetPDFServlet?fi-letype=pdf&id=SEGEAB000023000001000215000001&idtype=cvips&prog=search.
[9]MALLICK S.Model-based inversion of amplitude varia-tions with offset data using a genetic algorithm[J].Geo-physics,1995,60:939-954.
[10]陈建江,印兴耀,张广智.基于贝叶斯理论的振幅随炮检距变化三参数同步反演[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(3):33-38.CHEN Jian-jiang,YIN Xing-yao,ZHANG Guang-zhi.Simultaneous three-term AVO inversion based on Bayes-ian theorem[J].Journal of China University of Petrole-um(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(1):33-38.
[11]杨培杰,印兴耀.非线性二次规划贝叶斯叠前反演[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(6):1876-1882.YANG Pei-jie,YIN Xing-yao.Non-linear quadratic pro-gramming Bayesian prestack inversion[J].ChineseJuornal of Geophysics,2008,51(6):1876-1882.
[12]CAUSSE E,RIEDE M,VAN WIJNGAARDEN A J,etal.Amplitude analysis with an optimal model-based lin-ear AVO approximation:PartⅠ-Theory[J].Geophys-ics,2007,72:59-69.
[13]DAVID GRAY,BILL GOODWAY,Bridging the Gap:Using AVO to detect changes in fundamental elasticconstants[C/OL]//69th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Houston,TX,USA,October 31-November 3,1999.[1999-10-30]http://library.seg.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?Filetype=pdf&id=SEGE-AB000018000001000852000001&idtype=cvips&prog=search.
[14]OSTRANDER W J.Plane-wave reflection coefficientsfor gas sands at nonnormal angles of incidence[J].Ge-ophysics,1984,49(10):1637-1648.
[15]CAUSSE E,RIEDE M,VAN WIJNGAARDEN A J,etal.Amplitude analysis with an optimal model-based lin-ear AVO approximation:partⅡ-field data example[J].Geophysics,2007,72:71-79.
[16]AVSETH P T,MUKERJI G,MAVKO.Quantitativeseismic interpretation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge U-niversity Press,2005.
[2]王振国,陈小宏,王克斌,等.利用振幅随炮检距变化检测油气藏的有效方法[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(2):41-45.WANG Zhen-guo,CHEN Xiao-hong,WANG Ke-bin,etal.An effective method of detecting oil and gas reservoirusing amplitude versus offset[J].Journal of China Uni-versity of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(2):41-45.
[3]SIMMONS J L,BACKUS M M.Waveform-based AVOinversion and AVO prediction error[J].Geophysics,1996,61(6):1575-1588.
[4]TARANTALA A.Inversion problem theory and methodsfor model parameter estimation[M].Philadelphia:Socie-ty for Industry and Applied Mathematics,2004.
[5]SMITH G C,GIDLOW P M.Weighted stacking for rockproperty estimation and detection of gas[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1987,35:993-101.
[6]BULAND A,OMREH.Bayesian linearized AVO inver-sion[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):185-198.
[7]DOWNTON J,LINES L.Constrained three parameterAVO inversion and uncertainty analysis[C/OL].71thAnnual International Meeting,SEG,San Antonio,TX,USA,September 9-14,2001.http://library.seg.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?filetype=pdf&id=SEGE-AB000020000001000251000001&idtype=cvips&prog=search.
[8]DOWNTON J,LINES L.Three term AVO waveform inver-sion[C/OL]//74th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Denver Co,USA,October 10-15,2004.[2004-10-09]ht-tp://library.seg.org/getpd f/servlet/GetPDFServlet?fi-letype=pdf&id=SEGEAB000023000001000215000001&idtype=cvips&prog=search.
[9]MALLICK S.Model-based inversion of amplitude varia-tions with offset data using a genetic algorithm[J].Geo-physics,1995,60:939-954.
[10]陈建江,印兴耀,张广智.基于贝叶斯理论的振幅随炮检距变化三参数同步反演[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(3):33-38.CHEN Jian-jiang,YIN Xing-yao,ZHANG Guang-zhi.Simultaneous three-term AVO inversion based on Bayes-ian theorem[J].Journal of China University of Petrole-um(Edition of Natural Science),2007,31(1):33-38.
[11]杨培杰,印兴耀.非线性二次规划贝叶斯叠前反演[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(6):1876-1882.YANG Pei-jie,YIN Xing-yao.Non-linear quadratic pro-gramming Bayesian prestack inversion[J].ChineseJuornal of Geophysics,2008,51(6):1876-1882.
[12]CAUSSE E,RIEDE M,VAN WIJNGAARDEN A J,etal.Amplitude analysis with an optimal model-based lin-ear AVO approximation:PartⅠ-Theory[J].Geophys-ics,2007,72:59-69.
[13]DAVID GRAY,BILL GOODWAY,Bridging the Gap:Using AVO to detect changes in fundamental elasticconstants[C/OL]//69th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Houston,TX,USA,October 31-November 3,1999.[1999-10-30]http://library.seg.org/getpdf/servlet/GetPDFServlet?Filetype=pdf&id=SEGE-AB000018000001000852000001&idtype=cvips&prog=search.
[14]OSTRANDER W J.Plane-wave reflection coefficientsfor gas sands at nonnormal angles of incidence[J].Ge-ophysics,1984,49(10):1637-1648.
[15]CAUSSE E,RIEDE M,VAN WIJNGAARDEN A J,etal.Amplitude analysis with an optimal model-based lin-ear AVO approximation:partⅡ-field data example[J].Geophysics,2007,72:71-79.
[16]AVSETH P T,MUKERJI G,MAVKO.Quantitativeseismic interpretation[M].Cambridge:Cambridge U-niversity Press,2005.
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