则木河断裂带大箐梁子附近古地震组合探槽研究
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摘要
古地震事件定年具不确定性,为了增加地震事件定年的可信度,文中通过断层活动方式、沉积环境和地震微地貌的综合分析来研究则木河断裂带上的古地震事件。在大箐梁子附近开挖组合探槽,揭露了3次古地震事件,分别距今约160a、3100a和5500～8900a,复发间隔为3000a左右;讨论了与走滑断层型地震相关的沉积过程,揭示了走滑断层在山坡部位形成鼓包和反向陡坎情况下的沉积模式。
There exist some uncertainties in dating paleoearthquakes.To improve the credibility of determination of the earthquakes,comprehensive analysis of movement patterns,sedimentary environment and micro-topography has been made to investigate the paleoseismic events along the Zemuhe active fault zone.Combined trenches were excavated near Daqingliangzi,which reveal three palaeoearthquakes with ages of 160a,3100a and 5500～8900a,respectively,and a recurrence interva1of about 3000 years.Sedimentary processes related to strike-slip fault type earthquakes are discussed and a sedimentary model is put forward for strike-slip fault on condition that bulges and reverse scarps were formed at hillside area.
There exist some uncertainties in dating paleoearthquakes.To improve the credibility of determination of the earthquakes,comprehensive analysis of movement patterns,sedimentary environment and micro-topography has been made to investigate the paleoseismic events along the Zemuhe active fault zone.Combined trenches were excavated near Daqingliangzi,which reveal three palaeoearthquakes with ages of 160a,3100a and 5500～8900a,respectively,and a recurrence interva1of about 3000 years.Sedimentary processes related to strike-slip fault type earthquakes are discussed and a sedimentary model is put forward for strike-slip fault on condition that bulges and reverse scarps were formed at hillside area.
引文
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陈睿,李-.1988.小江西支断裂的滑动速率与强震复发周期[J].地震地质,10(2):1—13.CHEN Rui,LI Ping.1988.The slip rate and recurrence of strong earthquakes on the west part of Xiaojiang Fault[J].Seismology and Geology,10(2):1—13(in Chinese).
邓起东.1984.断层性状、盆地类型及其形成机制[J].地震科学研究,(5):51—59.DENG Qi-dong.1984.The behavior of fault and basin type and their formation mechanism[J].Journal EarthquakeStudies,(5):51—59(in Chinese).
丁国瑜.1982.古地震标志问题[A].见:中国地震学会地震地质专业委员会主编.中国活动断裂.北京:地震出版社.276—286.DING Guo-yu.1982.On the indicators of paleo-earthquakes[A].In:Committee on Seismogeology,the SeismologicalSociety of China(ed).Active Faults in China.Seismological Press,Beijing.276—286(in Chinese).
杜平山.1994.则木河断裂带晚第四纪活动特征及古地震研究[J].四川地震,(1):42—52.DU Ping-shan.1994.The characteristics of late Quaternary activity and Paleoseismic study on the Zemuhe Fault[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(1):42—52(in Chinese).
杜平山,冯元保.2000.则木河活动断裂带大震重复间隔[J].四川地震,(1):102—118.DUPing-shan,FENG Yuan-bao.2000.Recurrence interval of macroearthquake along the active fault of Zemuhe[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(1):102—118(in Chinese).
冯元保,杜平山,黄玉书.2000.1850年西昌地震地表破裂带[J].四川地震,(1):81—96.FENG Yuan-bao,DU Ping-shan,HUANG Yu-shu.2000.Earthquake rupture belt of1850XichangM7.5earthquake[J].Earthquake Research in Sichuan,(1):81—96(in Chinese).
国家地震局震害防御司.1995.中国历史强震目录(公元前23世纪—公元1911年)[Z].北京:地震出版社.16,90—92,370—373.The Department of Seismic Hazard Prevention of SSB.1995.Catalogue of Chinese Historical Strong Earthquakes(23thcentury B.C.—1911A.D.)[Z].Seismological Press,Beijing.16,90—92,370—373(in Chinese).
阚荣举,张四昌,晏凤桐,等.1977.我国西南地区现代构造应力场与现代构造活动特征的探讨[J].地球物理学报,20(2):96—110.KAN Rong-ju,ZHANG Si-chang,YAN Feng-tong,et al.1977.Discussion on characteristics of recent tectonic stressfield and recent tectonic movement in southwestern China[J].Acts Geophysica Sinica,20(2):96—110(in Chi-nese).
李玶,汪良谋.1975.云南川西地区地震地质特征的探讨[J].地质科学,4:308—325.LI Ping,WANG Liang-mou.1975.The seismo-geological characteristics of Yunnan and western Sichuan[J].ChineseJournal of Geology,4:308—325(in Chinese).
李玶.1993.鲜水河-小江断裂带[M].北京:地震出版社.1—259.LI Ping.1993.The Active Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault Zone[M].Seismological Press,Beijing.1—259(in Chinese).
李天祒,杜其方,张成贵,等.1994.鲜水河断裂带的断塞塘及其在古地震研究中的意义[A].见:国家地震局地质研究所主编.活动断裂研究(3).北京:地震出版社.126—134.LI Tian-tiao,DUQi-fang,ZHANG Cheng-gui,et al.1994.Study on paleoearthquakes based on sag ponds and associatedsediment along the Xianshuihe Fault zone[A].In:Institute of Geology,SSB(ed).Research on Active Fault3.Seismological Press,Beijing.126—134(in Chinese).
钱洪,伍先国,马声浩,等.1990.安宁河断裂带北段的古地震事件及其在地震研究中的意义[J].中国地震,6(4):43—49.QIAN Hong,WUXian-guo,MA Sheng-hao,et al.1990.Prehistorical earthquakes on the north segment of the AnningheFault and their significance to seismological research[J].Earthquake Research in China,6(4):43—49(in Chi-nese).
钱洪,唐荣昌,文德华,等.1992.安宁河断裂北段的最新地面活断层与地震潜在能力研究[J].地震地质,14(4):317—323.QIAN Hong,TANG Rong-chang,WEN De-hua,et al.1992.The new active fault on the north segment of the AnningheFault and its potential seismic capability research[J].Seismology and Geology,14(4):317—323(in Chinese).
冉勇康,邓起东.1999.古地震学研究的历史、现状和发展趋势[J].科学通报,44(1):12—20.RAN Yong-kang,DENG Qi-dong.1999.History,status and development of paleoseismology[J].Chinese Science Bul-letin,44(1):12—20(in Chinese).
任金卫,李玶.1989.则木河断裂带北段地震地貌及古地震研究[J].地震地质,11(1):27—33.REN Jin-wei,LI Ping.1989.Earthquake-caused landforms and paleoseismic study on the northern segment of the Ze-muhe Fault[J].Seismology and Geology,11(1):27—33(in Chinese).
任金卫,李玶.1993.四川西昌1850年地震地表破裂特征研究[J].地震地质,15(2):97—106.REN Jin-wei,LI Ping.1993.The characteristics of surface faulting of1850earthquake in Xichang,Sichuan[J].Seis-mology and Geology,15(2):97—106(in Chinese).
《四川地震资料汇编》编辑组.1980.四川地震资料汇编(第一卷)[Z].成都:四川人民出版社.8—9,67—72,175—200.Compilation Group of Sichuan Earthquake Catalogu.1980.Sichuan Earthquake Catalogue,Vol.1[Z].SichuanPeople s Publishing House,Chengdu.8—9,67—72,175—200(in Chinese).
宋方敏,汪一鹏,俞维贤,等.1998.小江活动断裂带[M].北京:地震出版社.142—169.SONG Fang-min,WANG Yi-peng,YU Wei-xian,et al.1998.Xiaojiang Active Fault Belt[M].Seismological Press,Beijing.142—169(in Chinese).
唐荣昌,黄祖智,伍先国,等.1986.则木河断裂全新世以来的新活动与地震[J].中国地震,2(4):82—88.TANG Rong-chang,HUANG Zu-zhi,WUXian-guo,et al.1986.The newactivities and earthquakes of the Zemuhe Faultsince the Holocene[J].Earthquake Research in China,2(4):82—88(in Chinese).
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