国际工程地质研究中的若干热点科学问题
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摘要
近年来,随着全球大规模工程建设的快速发展,工程地质学科的理论和技术水平取得了长足的进步和发展。同时,在很多新型工程的建设过程中,出现的学科领域交叉等问题,又对工程地质学提出了新的挑战。本文就近10年来《Nature》和《Science》两本国际著名杂志所关注的有关工程地质的热点科学问题展开综述,并对其反映的工程地质问题研究方向进行了归纳和展望,比如越来越重视基础理论、方法和技术的研究,积极寻求各种途径来避免自然灾害的发生,或者通过努力把损失降低至最小,学科交叉渗透增强,国家集体参与等。
In recent years,with the rapid development of large-scale engineering construction all over the world,the theory and technical level of engineering geology have made great progresses.Meanwhile,during the construction of many new engineering,a number of problems are appearing,such as some discipline-crossing problems,which offer the engineering geology a new challenge.This paper reviews some hot problems on engineering geology in the journals of Nature and Science and predicts the research direction of engineering geological problems,such as: more and more emphasis on research of basic theory,methods and techniques,actively seeking ways to avoid the occurrence of natural disasters or reduce losses to a minimum through efforts,increasing interdisciplinary infiltration and collective participation of countries and so on.
In recent years,with the rapid development of large-scale engineering construction all over the world,the theory and technical level of engineering geology have made great progresses.Meanwhile,during the construction of many new engineering,a number of problems are appearing,such as some discipline-crossing problems,which offer the engineering geology a new challenge.This paper reviews some hot problems on engineering geology in the journals of Nature and Science and predicts the research direction of engineering geological problems,such as: more and more emphasis on research of basic theory,methods and techniques,actively seeking ways to avoid the occurrence of natural disasters or reduce losses to a minimum through efforts,increasing interdisciplinary infiltration and collective participation of countries and so on.
引文
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[5]Kasahara J.Tides,earthquakes,and volcanoes[J].Science,2002,297:348-349.
[6]Gomberg J,Bod in P,Larson K,D ragertH.Earthquakenucleation by transient deformations caused by theM=7.9 Denali,A laska,earthquake[J].Nature,2004,427:621-624.
[7]Stein R S.The role of stress transfer in earthquake oc-currence[J].Nature,1999,402:605-609.
[8]Gupta H K,Rao N P,Rastogi B K,et al The deadliestintraplate earthquake[J].Science,2001,291:2101-2102.
[9]Rydelek P A,Tuttle M.Seismology:explosive cratersand soil liquefaction[J].Nature,2004,427:115-116.
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[12]ComerioM C.Can build ings be made earthquake-safe?[J].Science,2006,312:204-206.
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[15]Iverson R M,ReidM E,Iverson N R,et al.Acute sen-sitivity of landslide rates to initial soil porosity[J].Sci-ence,2000,290:513-516.
[16]H illey G E,Burgmann R,FerrettiA,et al.Dynam ics ofslow-moving landslides from permanent scatterer analy-sis[J].Science,2004,304:1952-1955.
[17]Talling P J,W ynn R B,Masson D G,et al.Onset ofsubmarine debris flow deposition far from original giantlandslide[J].Nature,2007,450:541-544.
[18]Stone R.Kyrgyzstan's race to stabilize buried ponds of u-ranium waste[J].Science,2005,307:198-200.
[19]Ewing R C,Macfarlane A.Yucca mountain[J].Sci-ence,2002,296:659-660.
[20]Brum fielG.Forward planning[J].Nature,2006,440:987-989.
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[22]Murton J B,Peterson R,Ozouf JC.Bedrock fracture byice segregation in cold regions[J].Science,2006,314:1127-1129.
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[29]王思敬.工程地质学的任务与未来[J].工程地质学报,1999,7(3):195-199.
[30]伍法权.谈工程地质的学科价值与学科发展[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(2):175-179.
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