随机-均匀介质散射波特征相干分析研究
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摘要
基于统计学方法建立了随机-均匀介质模型,利用有限差分法进行正演模拟,根据地震剖面中散射波同相轴随着模型横向自相关长度的增大其连续性逐渐变好的特点,通过相干技术研究了散射波同相轴的连续性.研究结果表明,当模型横向自相关长度与地震波长比值较小(a/λ<1)时,散射波同相轴连续性较差,其相干值变化不明显;当模型横向自相关长度与地震波长比值较大(a/λ>1)时,散射波同相轴连续性明显变好,其相干值明显增大.
A random-uniform medium model was constructed based on the statistical method and was forward modeled using the finite-difference method.According to the feature that the continuity of scattered waves in seismic sections gradually becomes better with lateral autocorrelation lengths in models becoming larger,event continuity of scattered wave was studied by coherence technique.The research results show that event continuity of scattered wave is worse when the ratio of lateral autocorrelation length to seismic wavelength is smaller(a/λ<1),and the coherence values variety is not obvious.When the ratio of lateral autocorrelation length to seismic wavelength is larger(a/A>1),event continuity of scattered wave becomes better obviously,and the coherence values increase distinctly.
A random-uniform medium model was constructed based on the statistical method and was forward modeled using the finite-difference method.According to the feature that the continuity of scattered waves in seismic sections gradually becomes better with lateral autocorrelation lengths in models becoming larger,event continuity of scattered wave was studied by coherence technique.The research results show that event continuity of scattered wave is worse when the ratio of lateral autocorrelation length to seismic wavelength is smaller(a/λ<1),and the coherence values variety is not obvious.When the ratio of lateral autocorrelation length to seismic wavelength is larger(a/A>1),event continuity of scattered wave becomes better obviously,and the coherence values increase distinctly.
引文
[1] 吴如山,[美]安艺敬一.地震波的散射与衰减[M].李裕澈,卢寿德等译.北京:地震出版社,1993． 1-5．
Wu R S,Aki,K and P.Richards.Scattering and Attenuation of Seismic Waves[M].LI Yu-che,LU Shou-de translation.Beijing:Seismic Press,1993． 1-5．
[2] 贾豫葛,李小凡,张美根,等.地震波散射研究的若干重要进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,(20) 4:939-944．
Jia Y G,Li X F,Zhang M G,et al.Some important progress in research upon seismic wave scattering[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,(20) 4:939-944．
[3] 尹军杰,刘学伟,李文慧.地震波散射理论及应用研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1) :123-134．
Yin J J,Liu X W,Li W H.The view of Seismic Wave Scattering Theory and its Applications[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(1) :123-134．
[4] 王伟,尹军杰,刘学伟,等.等效偏移距方法及应用[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1823-1830．
Wang W,Yin J J,Liu X W,et al.Equivalent Offset Method and its Application[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(6) :1823-1830．
[5] 奚先,姚姚.二维弹性随机介质中的波场特征[J].地球物理学进展,2005,(20) 1:147-154．
Xi X,Yao Y.The wave field characteristics in 2-D elastic random media[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,(20) 1:147-154．
[6] 奚先,姚姚.二维随机介质及波动方程正演模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5) :546-552．
Xi X,Yao Y.2-D Random Media and Wave Equation Forward Modeling[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36 (5) :546-552．
[7] 奚先,姚姚.随机溶洞介质模型及其波场模拟[J].地球物理学 进展,2005,(20) 2:365-369．
Xi X,Yao Y.Random cavity medium model and the wave field simulation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,(20) 2:365-369．
[8] 奚先,姚姚.二维横各向同性弹性随机介质中的波场特征[J].地球物理学进展,2004,(19) 4:924-932．
Xi X,Yao Y.The wave field characteristics of 2-D transversely isotropic elastic random medium[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,(19) 4:924-932．
[9] 奚先,姚姚.非平稳随机介质模型[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1) :71-75．
Xi X,Yao Y.Non-stationary Random Medium Model[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(1) :71-75．
[10] 奚先,姚姚.弹性随机介质模型的特征频率[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :681-687．
Xi X,Yao Y.The Characteristic Frequency of the Elastic Random Medium Models[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(3) :681-687．
[11] 奚先,姚姚.二维粘弹性随机介质中的波场特征分析[J].地球物理学进展,2004,(19) 3:608-615．
Xi X,Yao Y.The analysis of the wave field characteristics in 2-D viscoelastic random medium[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,(19) 3:608-615．
[12] 吴何珍,符力耘,兰晓雯.基于随机介质模型的储层非均质性分析[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :793-799
Wu H ZH,Fu L Y,Lan X W.Analysis of Reservoir Heterogeneity Based on Random Media Models[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3) :793-799．
[13] Ikele L T,Yung S K,Daube F. 2-D random Media with Ellipsoidal Autocorrelation Functions[J].Geophysics,1993,58(9) :1359-1372．
[14] 刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2) :238-244．
Liu Ch H.Application of Seismic Coherent Analysis Technology to Prediction of Fractured Reservoir[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(2) :238-244．
[15] 凌云项目组.基本地震属性在沉积环境解释中的应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6) :642-653．
Ling Y;BGP.Study on Application of Basic Seismic Attributes to Interpretation of Depositional Environment[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(6) :642-653．
[16] 郭栋,韩文功.高分辨率地震资料综合解释技术及其应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4) :290-296．
Guo D,Han W G.Comprehensive Interpretation of High-Resolution Seismic Data and Application[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2004,27(4) :290-296．
[17] 王西文,杨孔庆,刘全新,等.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,45(6) :847-852．
Wang X W,Yang K Q,Liu Q X,et al.Research on Algorithm of Seismic Coherent Cube Based on Wavelet Transform[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2002,37(4) :328-331．
[18] 张光萤,曾新吾.二维随机裂纹介质模型[J].国防科技大学 学报,2003,25(2) :1-4．
ZHang G Y,Zeng X W.2D Random Model for Cracked Media[J].Journal of National University of Defense Technology,2003,25(2) :1-4．
[19] 李灿苹,刘学伟,李敏峰,等.非均匀地质体的散射波特征初探[J].石油物探,2006,45(2) :134-140．
Li C P,Liu X W,Li M F,et al.Preliminary Study on Scattering Wave Characteristics of Heterogeneous Geologic Bodies[J]Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2) :134-140．
[20] 张振波.利用相干分析技术判断断层和地层特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3) :229-233．
Zhan ZH B.Use of Coherent Analysis to Distinguish Fault and Stratigraphic Characters[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1999,13(3) :229-233．
[21] Bahorich M,Farmer S.3-D Seismic Discontinuity for Faults and Stratigraphic Features:The Coherence Cube[J].The leading Edge,1995,14(10) :1053-1058．
[22] Marfurt KJ,Kirlin R L,Farmer SL,et al.3-D Seismic Attributes Using a Semblance-Based Coherency Algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4) :1150-1165．
[23] Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure-based Coherence Computations as an Aid to 3-D Structural and Stratigraphic Mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5) :1468-1479．
[24] 王大伟,刘震,陈小宏,等.地震相干技术的进展及其在油气勘探中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2005,24(2) :71-76．
Wang D W,Liu ZH,CHen X H,et al.Progress of Seismic Coherence and its Application to Petroleum Exploration[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2005,24(2) :71-76．
[25] 王从镔,龚洪林,许多年,等.高分辨率相干体分析技术及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,(23) 5:1575-1578．
Wang C B,Gong H L,Xu D N,et al.High-resolution coherency analysis technique and its application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,(23) 5:1575-1578．
[26] Golub G H,Van Loan C F.Matrix Computations:John Hopkins Univ.Press,1989．
Wu R S,Aki,K and P.Richards.Scattering and Attenuation of Seismic Waves[M].LI Yu-che,LU Shou-de translation.Beijing:Seismic Press,1993． 1-5．
[2] 贾豫葛,李小凡,张美根,等.地震波散射研究的若干重要进展[J].地球物理学进展,2005,(20) 4:939-944．
Jia Y G,Li X F,Zhang M G,et al.Some important progress in research upon seismic wave scattering[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,(20) 4:939-944．
[3] 尹军杰,刘学伟,李文慧.地震波散射理论及应用研究综述[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(1) :123-134．
Yin J J,Liu X W,Li W H.The view of Seismic Wave Scattering Theory and its Applications[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(1) :123-134．
[4] 王伟,尹军杰,刘学伟,等.等效偏移距方法及应用[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1823-1830．
Wang W,Yin J J,Liu X W,et al.Equivalent Offset Method and its Application[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007,50(6) :1823-1830．
[5] 奚先,姚姚.二维弹性随机介质中的波场特征[J].地球物理学进展,2005,(20) 1:147-154．
Xi X,Yao Y.The wave field characteristics in 2-D elastic random media[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,(20) 1:147-154．
[6] 奚先,姚姚.二维随机介质及波动方程正演模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(5) :546-552．
Xi X,Yao Y.2-D Random Media and Wave Equation Forward Modeling[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36 (5) :546-552．
[7] 奚先,姚姚.随机溶洞介质模型及其波场模拟[J].地球物理学 进展,2005,(20) 2:365-369．
Xi X,Yao Y.Random cavity medium model and the wave field simulation[J].Progress in Geophysics,2005,(20) 2:365-369．
[8] 奚先,姚姚.二维横各向同性弹性随机介质中的波场特征[J].地球物理学进展,2004,(19) 4:924-932．
Xi X,Yao Y.The wave field characteristics of 2-D transversely isotropic elastic random medium[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,(19) 4:924-932．
[9] 奚先,姚姚.非平稳随机介质模型[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(1) :71-75．
Xi X,Yao Y.Non-stationary Random Medium Model[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2005,40(1) :71-75．
[10] 奚先,姚姚.弹性随机介质模型的特征频率[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3) :681-687．
Xi X,Yao Y.The Characteristic Frequency of the Elastic Random Medium Models[J]. Progress in Geophysics,2005,20(3) :681-687．
[11] 奚先,姚姚.二维粘弹性随机介质中的波场特征分析[J].地球物理学进展,2004,(19) 3:608-615．
Xi X,Yao Y.The analysis of the wave field characteristics in 2-D viscoelastic random medium[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,(19) 3:608-615．
[12] 吴何珍,符力耘,兰晓雯.基于随机介质模型的储层非均质性分析[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(3) :793-799
Wu H ZH,Fu L Y,Lan X W.Analysis of Reservoir Heterogeneity Based on Random Media Models[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(3) :793-799．
[13] Ikele L T,Yung S K,Daube F. 2-D random Media with Ellipsoidal Autocorrelation Functions[J].Geophysics,1993,58(9) :1359-1372．
[14] 刘传虎.地震相干分析技术在裂缝油气藏预测中的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(2) :238-244．
Liu Ch H.Application of Seismic Coherent Analysis Technology to Prediction of Fractured Reservoir[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2001,36(2) :238-244．
[15] 凌云项目组.基本地震属性在沉积环境解释中的应用研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(6) :642-653．
Ling Y;BGP.Study on Application of Basic Seismic Attributes to Interpretation of Depositional Environment[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2003,38(6) :642-653．
[16] 郭栋,韩文功.高分辨率地震资料综合解释技术及其应用[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(4) :290-296．
Guo D,Han W G.Comprehensive Interpretation of High-Resolution Seismic Data and Application[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2004,27(4) :290-296．
[17] 王西文,杨孔庆,刘全新,等.基于小波变换的地震相干体算法研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,45(6) :847-852．
Wang X W,Yang K Q,Liu Q X,et al.Research on Algorithm of Seismic Coherent Cube Based on Wavelet Transform[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2002,37(4) :328-331．
[18] 张光萤,曾新吾.二维随机裂纹介质模型[J].国防科技大学 学报,2003,25(2) :1-4．
ZHang G Y,Zeng X W.2D Random Model for Cracked Media[J].Journal of National University of Defense Technology,2003,25(2) :1-4．
[19] 李灿苹,刘学伟,李敏峰,等.非均匀地质体的散射波特征初探[J].石油物探,2006,45(2) :134-140．
Li C P,Liu X W,Li M F,et al.Preliminary Study on Scattering Wave Characteristics of Heterogeneous Geologic Bodies[J]Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2006,45(2) :134-140．
[20] 张振波.利用相干分析技术判断断层和地层特征[J].中国海上油气(地质),1999,13(3) :229-233．
Zhan ZH B.Use of Coherent Analysis to Distinguish Fault and Stratigraphic Characters[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),1999,13(3) :229-233．
[21] Bahorich M,Farmer S.3-D Seismic Discontinuity for Faults and Stratigraphic Features:The Coherence Cube[J].The leading Edge,1995,14(10) :1053-1058．
[22] Marfurt KJ,Kirlin R L,Farmer SL,et al.3-D Seismic Attributes Using a Semblance-Based Coherency Algorithm[J].Geophysics,1998,63(4) :1150-1165．
[23] Gersztenkorn A,Marfurt K J.Eigenstructure-based Coherence Computations as an Aid to 3-D Structural and Stratigraphic Mapping[J].Geophysics,1999,64(5) :1468-1479．
[24] 王大伟,刘震,陈小宏,等.地震相干技术的进展及其在油气勘探中的应用[J].地质科技情报,2005,24(2) :71-76．
Wang D W,Liu ZH,CHen X H,et al.Progress of Seismic Coherence and its Application to Petroleum Exploration[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2005,24(2) :71-76．
[25] 王从镔,龚洪林,许多年,等.高分辨率相干体分析技术及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2008,(23) 5:1575-1578．
Wang C B,Gong H L,Xu D N,et al.High-resolution coherency analysis technique and its application[J].Progress in Geophysics,2008,(23) 5:1575-1578．
[26] Golub G H,Van Loan C F.Matrix Computations:John Hopkins Univ.Press,1989．
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