构造应力面研究
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摘要
所定义的构造应力面的概念为三维空间不同地点非构造应力影响消失的深度点构成的曲面。为此,对似 U形沟谷按不同沟谷宽度、山体坡度和山体高度建立三维模型,分别考虑重力、水平侧压力以及二者联合进行三维应力场有限元数值模拟,分析最大水平主压应力在空间的变化规律,并进行数学统计分析,给出构造应力面深度随上述因素变化的经验公式。研究结果表明水平侧压力和山体高度是影响构造应力面深度的主要因素,当水平侧压力随深度变化梯度与重力梯度之比等于 1 时,在沟谷谷底,构造应力面深度近似等于山体高度。
The concept of tectonic stress plane (TSP) is defined as an ideal curved plane drawn by the locations with different depths where the influence of non-tectonic stress disappears. Therefore,to U-like valleys, three-dimensional model with consideration of different factors,such as valley width,mountain slope,mountain height,gravity loading,and horizontal lateral compression,respectively,is made to conduct 3D finite element modeling research on the spatial variation law of the maximum horizontal principal compressive stress in crust. By mathematical statistics and analysis,the empirical formula is given to show the TSP depth changed with the above factors. The research shows that horizontal lateral compression and mountain height are the major factors to affect the TSP depth,and that when the ratio of the gradient of horizontal lateral compression varied with depth to the gravity gradient is obtained as one,the TSP depth is approxinatelly equal to mountain height.
The concept of tectonic stress plane (TSP) is defined as an ideal curved plane drawn by the locations with different depths where the influence of non-tectonic stress disappears. Therefore,to U-like valleys, three-dimensional model with consideration of different factors,such as valley width,mountain slope,mountain height,gravity loading,and horizontal lateral compression,respectively,is made to conduct 3D finite element modeling research on the spatial variation law of the maximum horizontal principal compressive stress in crust. By mathematical statistics and analysis,the empirical formula is given to show the TSP depth changed with the above factors. The research shows that horizontal lateral compression and mountain height are the major factors to affect the TSP depth,and that when the ratio of the gradient of horizontal lateral compression varied with depth to the gravity gradient is obtained as one,the TSP depth is approxinatelly equal to mountain height.
引文
1PanE,AmadeiB,SavageW Z.Gravitational and tectonic stresses in anisotropic rock with irregular topography[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1995,32(3):201～214
2AmadeiB,PanE.Gravitational stresses in anisotropic rock with inclined strata[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1992,29(3):225～236
3SavageW Z,SwolfsH S,PowersP S.Gravitational stress in long symmetric ridges and valleys[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1985,22(4):291～302
4TanC,SunY,WangR.Present activity of theShenzhen fault zone and its impact on the safety of a planned diversion tunnel inShenzhen,China[J].EngineeringGeology,2000,57(1/2):73～80
5安欧.构造应力场[M].北京:地震出版社,1992,437～438,469～476
6白世伟,李光煜.二滩水电站岩体应力场研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1982,1(1):45～55
7王连捷,潘立宙,廖椿庭等.地应力测量及其在工程中的应用[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1991,148～168
8陈庆宣,王维襄,孙叶等.岩石力学与构造应力场分析[M].北京:地质出版社,1998,58～228
9陈彭年,陈宏德,高莉青.世界地应力实测资料汇编[M].北京:地震出版社,1990,31～33
10李方全,张伯崇,苏恺之等.三峡坝区水库诱发地震研究——茅坪钻孔的现场测试与分析[M].北京:地震出版社,1993,11～45
11袁登维,梅应堂,秦兴黎等.长江三峡工程坝区及外围地壳稳定性研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996,76～113
12高士钧.长江三峡地区地壳应力场与地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1992,15～32,48～78
13TanChengxuan,SunYe,WangRuijiang,et al.Assessment and zonation of regional crustal stability in and around the dam region of theThreeGorgesProject on theYangtzeRiver[J].EnvironmentalGeology,1997,32(4):285～295
14苏生瑞,王士天,朱合华.断裂对地应力场影响的研究[A].见:中国岩石力学与工程学会.中国岩石力学与工程学会第七次学术大会论文集[C].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2002,649～654
15李方全,孙世宗,李立球.华北及郯庐断裂带地应力测量[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1982,1(1):73～86
16ZobackM D,TsukaraH,HickmanS.Stress measurements at depth in the vicinity of theSanAndreasFault——implications for the magnitude of shear stress at depth[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1980,85(11):6157～6173
17MartinC D.Characterizing in-situ stress domains at theAECL underground research laboratory[J].CanadianGeotechnicalJournal,1990,27(3):631～646
18EvansK F.Appalachian stress study:regional scale stress variations and their relation to structure and contemporary tectonics[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1989,94(14):17619～17645
19AmadeiB.Importance of anisotropy when estimating and measuring in-situ stresses in rock[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1996,33(3):293～325
20朱以文,韦庆如,顾伯达.微机有限元前后处理系统ViziCAD 及其应用[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1993
2AmadeiB,PanE.Gravitational stresses in anisotropic rock with inclined strata[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1992,29(3):225～236
3SavageW Z,SwolfsH S,PowersP S.Gravitational stress in long symmetric ridges and valleys[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1985,22(4):291～302
4TanC,SunY,WangR.Present activity of theShenzhen fault zone and its impact on the safety of a planned diversion tunnel inShenzhen,China[J].EngineeringGeology,2000,57(1/2):73～80
5安欧.构造应力场[M].北京:地震出版社,1992,437～438,469～476
6白世伟,李光煜.二滩水电站岩体应力场研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1982,1(1):45～55
7王连捷,潘立宙,廖椿庭等.地应力测量及其在工程中的应用[M]. 北京:地质出版社,1991,148～168
8陈庆宣,王维襄,孙叶等.岩石力学与构造应力场分析[M].北京:地质出版社,1998,58～228
9陈彭年,陈宏德,高莉青.世界地应力实测资料汇编[M].北京:地震出版社,1990,31～33
10李方全,张伯崇,苏恺之等.三峡坝区水库诱发地震研究——茅坪钻孔的现场测试与分析[M].北京:地震出版社,1993,11～45
11袁登维,梅应堂,秦兴黎等.长江三峡工程坝区及外围地壳稳定性研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1996,76～113
12高士钧.长江三峡地区地壳应力场与地震[M].北京:地震出版社,1992,15～32,48～78
13TanChengxuan,SunYe,WangRuijiang,et al.Assessment and zonation of regional crustal stability in and around the dam region of theThreeGorgesProject on theYangtzeRiver[J].EnvironmentalGeology,1997,32(4):285～295
14苏生瑞,王士天,朱合华.断裂对地应力场影响的研究[A].见:中国岩石力学与工程学会.中国岩石力学与工程学会第七次学术大会论文集[C].北京:中国科学技术出版社,2002,649～654
15李方全,孙世宗,李立球.华北及郯庐断裂带地应力测量[J].岩石力学与工程学报,1982,1(1):73～86
16ZobackM D,TsukaraH,HickmanS.Stress measurements at depth in the vicinity of theSanAndreasFault——implications for the magnitude of shear stress at depth[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1980,85(11):6157～6173
17MartinC D.Characterizing in-situ stress domains at theAECL underground research laboratory[J].CanadianGeotechnicalJournal,1990,27(3):631～646
18EvansK F.Appalachian stress study:regional scale stress variations and their relation to structure and contemporary tectonics[J].J.Geophys.Res.,1989,94(14):17619～17645
19AmadeiB.Importance of anisotropy when estimating and measuring in-situ stresses in rock[J].Int.J.RockMech.Min.Sci.&Geomech.Abstr.,1996,33(3):293～325
20朱以文,韦庆如,顾伯达.微机有限元前后处理系统ViziCAD 及其应用[M].北京:科学技术文献出版社,1993
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