2006年12月26日台湾南部滨海M_s7．2级地震破裂过程研究
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摘要
2006年12月26日12点26分27秒(GMT)台湾南部滨海发生M_s7.2(Harvard CMT)级地震.震中位于台湾南部滨海之南海次板块与菲律宾海板块碰撞引发造山作用生成的海洋增生楔内,这次地震是该区域百年来震级最大的地震.我们利用中国数字地震台网(CSDN)和美国地震学联合研究所(IRIS)提供的上地幔及远场范围宽频带P波垂向记录资料,基于点源和有限断层模型进行波形拟合反演,获得这次地震的震源机制解并给出了震源破裂过程.反演结果表明,本次地震为东倾正断层兼小幅度走滑破裂事件,断层面走向为341.5°,倾角为77.9°,震源深度6 km.所得正断层震源机制解表明,地震可能与板块的拆离(break-off)作用引发的在台湾造山带局部存在伸张作用力有关.
The rupture process of the Dec.12,2006(12h 26m 27sec)Taiwan earthquake(M_s 7.2 Harvard CMT)is investigated by the point source and finite fault model using upper mantle and far field broadband P wave records retrieved from IRIS and China Digital Seismic Network.The earthquake was the largest to have struck the southern Taiwan offshore in the recent century,the epicenter was situated in the collision boundary of Eurasia plate and Philippine Sea plate.The results indicate that the earthquake occurred on an east-dipping normal fault with a small amount of strike slip.The fault plane has a strike of 341.5°,a dip of 77.9°and the focal depth is 6 km. We proposed that this earthquake was triggered by extensional stress induced by the break off of Eurasia plate that subducted under Philippine Sea plate.
The rupture process of the Dec.12,2006(12h 26m 27sec)Taiwan earthquake(M_s 7.2 Harvard CMT)is investigated by the point source and finite fault model using upper mantle and far field broadband P wave records retrieved from IRIS and China Digital Seismic Network.The earthquake was the largest to have struck the southern Taiwan offshore in the recent century,the epicenter was situated in the collision boundary of Eurasia plate and Philippine Sea plate.The results indicate that the earthquake occurred on an east-dipping normal fault with a small amount of strike slip.The fault plane has a strike of 341.5°,a dip of 77.9°and the focal depth is 6 km. We proposed that this earthquake was triggered by extensional stress induced by the break off of Eurasia plate that subducted under Philippine Sea plate.
引文
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[36]黄永德，陈营华．影响中国东南沿岸的海啸．第二届粤港奥地震科技研讨会，2006年3月，中国，澳门Huang Y D,Chen Y W.Tsunamis affecting the coast of southeastern China.The Second Seismic Technology Workshop of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macau,Mar. 2006.China,Macau
[2]李娟．王卫民，赵连锋等．2004年7月11日西藏M_s 6．2级地震震源破裂过程研究．地球物理学报．2005．48(4)：843～850 Li J,Wang W M,Zhao L F,et al.Rupture process of July, 11,2004,Tibet(M_s 6.2)earthquake.Chinese J.Geophys. (in Chinese),2005,48(4):843～850
[3]Hartzell S,Liu P C.Calculation of earthquake rupture histories using a hybrid global search algorithm:application to the 1992 Landers California earthquake.Phys.Earth. Planet.Inter.,1996,95(1):79～99
[4]纪晨．姚振兴．时间域内有限地震断层的反演问题．地球物理学报，1997，40(5)：691～701 Ji C,Yao Z X.The inverse problem of finite fault study in time domain.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1997,40 (5):691～701
[5]姚振兴，郑天愉，曹柏如等．用P渡波形资料测定中强地震震源过程的方法．地球物理学进展，1991．6(4)：1～26 Yao Z X,Zheng T Y,Cao B R,et al.The method of determining middle and strong earthquake's process using P waveform data.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),1991, 6(4):1～26
[6]Oslon A H,Apsel R.Finite fault and inversion theory with application to the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake.Bull. Seism.Soc.Am.,1982,72(6A):1996～2001
[7]Sibuet J C,Hsu S K.How was Taiwan created? Tectonophysics,2004,379:159～181
[8]Letouzey J,Kimura M.The Okinawa Trough:genesis of a back-arc basin developing along a continental margin. Tectonophys,1986,125:209～230
[9]Hayes D E,Lewis S D.A geophysical study of the Manilla Trench,Luzon,Philippines;crustal structure,gravity,and regional tectonic evolution.J.Geophys.Res.,1984,89 (B11):9171～9195
[10]Tsai Y B.Seismotectonics of Taiwan.Tectonophysics,1986, 125:17～37
[11]Suppe J.Kinematics of arc-continent collision,flipping of subduction and back-arc spreading near Taiwan.Men.Geol. Soc.China,1984,6:21～33
[12]Reed D L,Lundberg N,Liu C S.Structural relations along the margins of the offshore Taiwan accretionary wedge: implications for accretion and crustal kinematics.Acta Geol., 1992,30:105～122
[13]Ho C S.A synthesis of the geologic evolution of Taiwan. Tectonophysics,1986,125:1～16
[14]丁巍伟，杨树锋，陈汉林等．台湾岛以南海域新近纪的弧-陆碰撞造山作用．地质科学，2006，41(2)：195～201 Ding W W,Yang S F,Chen H L,et al.Arc-continent collision orogeny in offshore Taiwan during Neogene.Chinese J.Geology(in Chinese),206,41(2):195～201
[15]Fuh S C,Liu C S,Neil L,Donald L R.Strike-slip faults offshore southern Taiwan:implications for the oblique arc- continent collision processes.Tectonophysics,1997,274:25～39
[16]Wu F T.Recent tectonics of Taiwan.J.Phys.Earth, 1978,26(Suppl.):265～299
[17]Seno T,Kurita K.Focal mechanisms and tectonics in the Taiwan,geodynamics of the Eurasia-Philippine Sea plate boundary.Tectonophysics,1986,125(1-4):1～16
[18]Barrier E,Angelier J.Active collision in eastern Taiwan: the coastal range.Tectonophysics,1986,125(1-3):39～72
[19]臧绍先，周燕华，雷卡侠．台湾地区板块的相互作用及应力状态．中国地震．1989，5(2)：71～79 Zang S X,Zhou Y H,Lei K X.Interaction between plate and stress in Taiwan region.Earthquake Research in China(in Chinese),1989,5(2):71～79
[20]Langston C A,Helmberger D V.A procedure for modeling shallow dislocation sources.Geophys.J.R.astr.Soc., 1975,42:117～130
[21]Brune J N.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes.J.Geophys.Res.,1970,75:4997～5009
[22]Kirkpatrick S,Gelatt C D Jr,Vecchi M P.Optimization by simulated annealing.Science,1983,220(4598):671～680
[23]Sen M K,Stoffa P L.Nonlinear one-dimensional seismic waveform inversion using simulated annealing.Geophysics, 1991,56(10):1624～1638
[24]Mellman G R,Burdick L J,Helmberger D V.Determination of source parameters from body wave seismograms. Earthquake Note,1975,46～44
[25]Wallace T C,Helmberger D V,Mellman G R.A technique for inversion of regional data in source parameter studies.J. Geophys.Res.,1981,86:1679～1685
[26]Metropolis N,Ulam S.The Monte-Carlo method.J.Amer. Stat.Assoc.,1949,44(247):335～341
[27]Seismic Catalog of China Seismic Network(http://www. csndmc,ac.cn)
[28]Dziewonski A M,Chow T A,Wookhouse J H. Determination of earthquake source parameters from waveform data for studies of global and regional seismicily. J.Geophys.Res.,1981,86:2825～2852
[29]Stein S,Wysession M.An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes,and Earth Structure.Blackwell Publishing, 2003.308
[30]Burchfiel B C,Royden L H.North-south extension within the convergent Himalaya region.Geology,1985,13(10): 679～682
[31]Sue C,Thouvenot F,Frechet J,et al.Widespread extension in the core of the western Alps revealed by earthquake analysis.J.Geophy.Res.,1999,104(B11):25611～25622
[32]Teng L S,Lee C T,Peng C H,et al.Origin and geological evolution of the Taipei basin,northern Taiwan.W.Pac. Earth Sci.,2001,1(2):115～142
[33]王平，夏戡原，黄慈流．台湾南部恒春海脊地质地球物理特征及其大地构造属性．热带海洋，2000，19(3)：33～39 Wang P,Xia K Y,Hung C L.Geological and geophysical characteristics and tectonic properties of Hengchun ridge, southern Taiwan island.Tropic Oceanology(in Chinese), 2000,19(3):33～39
[34]李力刚，傅容珊，廖新浩．俯冲板块断离的深度．地球物理学报，2002，45(增1)：115～122 Li L G,Fu R S,Liao X H.Breakoff depth of a subducted slab.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(Suppl. 1):115～122
[35]张光学，黄永祥，祝有海等．南海天然气水合物的成矿远景．海洋地质与第四纪地质，2002．22(1)：75～81 Zhang G X,Huang Y X,Zhu Y H,et al,Prospect of gas hydrate resources in the south China sea.Marine Geology & Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),2002,22(1):75～81
[36]黄永德，陈营华．影响中国东南沿岸的海啸．第二届粤港奥地震科技研讨会，2006年3月，中国，澳门Huang Y D,Chen Y W.Tsunamis affecting the coast of southeastern China.The Second Seismic Technology Workshop of Guangdong,Hong Kong and Macau,Mar. 2006.China,Macau
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