地震物理模型材料研制与应用研究
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摘要
地震物理模型试验的基础是地震物理模型的建造,其中设计适当的配方,调配出所需要的模型速度是模型建造的关键.本文根据互穿网络和共聚网络聚合物改性方法的原理,研究了环氧树脂、橡胶类等高分子材料的互穿网络和共聚网络过程,并按照地震物理模拟对模型材料的要求,实现了不同材料的共混,改善了固化后共聚物的交联度.讨论和分析了影响地震物理模型建造的各种因素,并从模型材料选择、配方调整等方面提出了相应的解决办法,降低了固化反应放热峰的温度、调整了固化放热的速度、降低了固化时的收缩率和线膨胀系数,使固化物具有较高的热稳定性和较好的力学性能.建立了比较完备的、从低到高的材料速度系列.通过实例验证了本文方法的有效性,模型材料的适用性.
Building of physical model is the foundation of seismic physical modeling.The key to physical model building is to determine the compound formulation that can produce materials of desired velocity.Based on the principles of interpenetrating polymer network and copolymerizadon,we studied the course of network interpenetrating and copolymerization of araldite with rubber and other polymers,and achieved blending of different polymers in line with the requirements of physical modeling materials.The resulted polymers are of good cross-linking level.Factors that affect the physical model building are discussed.Measures to diminishing these factors are proposed in terms of model material selection,compound formulation adjustment,as well as workflow of model building.These measures ensure the cured composition with superior thermal stability and mechanical properties by controlling the heat release of curing reaction,as well as the shrinkage and linear expansion coefficient of curing.A relatively complete material series has been developed,which includes materials with low velocity to high velocity.The proposed measures and synthesized materials were verified in real seismic physical modeling.
Building of physical model is the foundation of seismic physical modeling.The key to physical model building is to determine the compound formulation that can produce materials of desired velocity.Based on the principles of interpenetrating polymer network and copolymerizadon,we studied the course of network interpenetrating and copolymerization of araldite with rubber and other polymers,and achieved blending of different polymers in line with the requirements of physical modeling materials.The resulted polymers are of good cross-linking level.Factors that affect the physical model building are discussed.Measures to diminishing these factors are proposed in terms of model material selection,compound formulation adjustment,as well as workflow of model building.These measures ensure the cured composition with superior thermal stability and mechanical properties by controlling the heat release of curing reaction,as well as the shrinkage and linear expansion coefficient of curing.A relatively complete material series has been developed,which includes materials with low velocity to high velocity.The proposed measures and synthesized materials were verified in real seismic physical modeling.
引文
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[15] 李剑峰,赵群,郝守玲,李智宏.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层缝洞系统的物理模拟研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(5) :428-432． Li J F,Zhao Q,Hao S L,et al.Physical modeling of the fracture-cave systems of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),2005,44(5) : 428-432．
[16] 赵群,郭建,郝守玲,耿建华.模拟天然气水合物的岩石物理特性模型实验[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3) :649-655． Zhao Q,Guo J,Hao S L,et al.Experments of physical modeling for petrophysical properties of natural gas hydrate[J].Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),2005,48 (3) : 649-655．
[17] 李剑峰,赵群,等.油气勘探地震物理模型图集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006． Li J F,Zhao Q,et al.Petroleum exploration seismic physical model atlas.Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2006．
[18] 李智宏,胡中平,王辉明,等.含高速层地震物理模型的广角地震波场研究[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(5) :345-348． Li Z H,Hu Z P,Wang H M,et al.Investigation of WARRP seismic wavefield on physical model with a high velocity layer [J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,28(5) :345-348．
[2] 牟永光.三维复杂介质地球物理模拟[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2003,4-40． Mu Y G.Seismic physical modeling for 3-D complex media [M].Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2003,4-40．
[3] 郝守玲,赵群.地震物理模型技术的应用与发展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(2) :34-43． Hao S L,Zhao Q.Application and development of seismic modeling technology[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics (in Chinese),2002,25(2) : 34-43．
[4] 吴培熙,张留城.聚合物共混改性[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2003． Wu P X,Zhang L C.Polymer blending modification[M].China Light Industry Press,2003,
[5] 王德中.环氧树脂生产与应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2001． Wang D Z.Production and application of epoxy resin[M].Beiiing: Chemical Industry Press,2001．
[6] 肖卫东,何本桥,何培新,等.聚合物材料用化学助剂[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004． Xiao W D,He B Q,He P X,et al.Chemical assistants forpolymeric material preparation [M].Beijing: Chemical Industry Press,2004．
[7] 赵德仁,张慰盛.高聚物合成工艺学[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2004． Zhao D R,Zhang W S.Synthesis technology of high polymer[M].Brijing: Chemical Industry Press,2004,
[8] 肖卫东,程时远.密封胶粘剂[M].北京:化学工业出版 社,2002． Xiao W D,Chen S Y.Sealing adhesive[M].Beijing: Chemical Industry Press,2002．
[9] 张志东,张骆梵.树脂合成操作750例[M].北京:中国建材工业出版社,2003． Zhang Z D,Zhang L F.750 examples in resin synthesis[M].Beijing : China Building Material Industry Publishing House,2003．
[10] 李智宏,胡中平,赵群,等.地球物理模拟技术在广角地震中的应用[C].中国地球物理第二十一届年会论文集,吉林大学出版社,2005． Li Z H,Hu Z P,Zhao Q,et al.Application of physical modeling in wide angle seismic [C].In: Proceedings of Annual of the Chinese Geophysical Society 2005,Jilin University Press,2005．
[11] 李智宏,钱菊华,赵群,等.模型材料研制及其在三维复杂介质地震物理模拟中的应用[C].中国地球物理第二十一届年会论文集,吉林大学出版社,2005． Li Z H,Qian J H,Zhao Q,et al.Physical material preparation and modeling of a-D complex media [C].In:Proceedings of Annual of the Chinese Geophysical Society 2005,Jilin University Press,2005．
[12] 李智宏,赵群,钱菊华,等.模型材料研制以及在地球物理模型制作中的应用[C].中国地球物理第二十二届年会论文集见:中国地球物理学会编:中国地球物理2006． 四川科学技术出版社,2006． Li Z H,Hu Z P,Zhao Q,et al.Study of physical model material and its application in the construction of physical models [C].In: Proceedings of Annual of the Chinese Geophysical Society 2005,Sichuan Science Press,2006．
[13] 胡中平,管路平,顾连兴,等.高速屏蔽层下广角地震波场分析及成像方法[J].地球物理学进展,2004,47(1) :88-94． Hu Z P,Gu L P,Gu L X,et al.Wide angle seismic wave field analysis and imaging method below the high velocity shield layer[J].Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese).2004,47 (1) :88-94．
[14] 胡中平,顾连兴,王良书,等.江陵凹陷北部高速玄武岩下二维广角地震初探[J].高校地质学报,2004,10(1) :70-77． Hu Z P,Gu L X,Wang L S,et al.A Preliminary study of 2-wide angle seismic profiling in area of high velocity basalt layer in the Northern Jiangling Depression,Hubei Province [J].Geological Journal of China Universities (in Chinese),2004,10(1) :7-77．
[15] 李剑峰,赵群,郝守玲,李智宏.塔河油田碳酸盐岩储层缝洞系统的物理模拟研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(5) :428-432． Li J F,Zhao Q,Hao S L,et al.Physical modeling of the fracture-cave systems of carbonate reservoirs in Tahe oilfield [J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum (in Chinese),2005,44(5) : 428-432．
[16] 赵群,郭建,郝守玲,耿建华.模拟天然气水合物的岩石物理特性模型实验[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3) :649-655． Zhao Q,Guo J,Hao S L,et al.Experments of physical modeling for petrophysical properties of natural gas hydrate[J].Chinese J.Geophys (in Chinese),2005,48 (3) : 649-655．
[17] 李剑峰,赵群,等.油气勘探地震物理模型图集[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006． Li J F,Zhao Q,et al.Petroleum exploration seismic physical model atlas.Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press,2006．
[18] 李智宏,胡中平,王辉明,等.含高速层地震物理模型的广角地震波场研究[J].勘探地球物理进展,2005,28(5) :345-348． Li Z H,Hu Z P,Wang H M,et al.Investigation of WARRP seismic wavefield on physical model with a high velocity layer [J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics (in Chinese),2005,28(5) :345-348．
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