1954年山丹7·3级地震灾害
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摘要
1954年2月11日,中国西部河西走廊发生山丹7.3级强烈地震,这是建国以来发生在西北地区的第一个大地震。地震造成47人死亡,332人受伤,数万人无家可归;房屋损坏7277间,估计财产损失远高于2003年山丹6.1级地震灾害的直接经济损失。极震区烈度达Ⅺ度,红寺湖盆地、山丹县城破坏最重,山丹地区受灾面积4800km2。本文简要介绍了山丹地震参数、地震烈度及震区环境;重点描述了房屋建筑物破坏,分析了地震灾害特点及其经济损失估计。最后探讨了这次地震震害的成因、防震减灾的经验及其借鉴意义。
On February 11, 1954,an earthquake with M_S7.3 occurred in Shandan county of Hexi corridor,west China. It was the first great earthquake in northwest China after liberation (1949). The earthquake caused 47 people to die,332 people to be injured and tens of thousands people were homeless;nearly 7277 buildings were damaged or collapsed and estate loss of more than billion Yuan(RMB) at a rough estimate. In the meizoseismal area,the intensity is Ⅺ,Hongsihu basin and Shandan County was most seriously destroyed,the Shandan damaged area was 4800km2. The authors gave a description of the seismic outline, basic parameters,distribution of seismic intensity and natural environment. The characteristics of building destruction were particularly discussed,the earthquake disaster distribution features and economic loss evaluation are also analysed. Finally,experiences and lessons of protection against earthquake and disaster reduction are summed up,cause of formation on the earthquake damages are given in term of investigations.
On February 11, 1954,an earthquake with M_S7.3 occurred in Shandan county of Hexi corridor,west China. It was the first great earthquake in northwest China after liberation (1949). The earthquake caused 47 people to die,332 people to be injured and tens of thousands people were homeless;nearly 7277 buildings were damaged or collapsed and estate loss of more than billion Yuan(RMB) at a rough estimate. In the meizoseismal area,the intensity is Ⅺ,Hongsihu basin and Shandan County was most seriously destroyed,the Shandan damaged area was 4800km2. The authors gave a description of the seismic outline, basic parameters,distribution of seismic intensity and natural environment. The characteristics of building destruction were particularly discussed,the earthquake disaster distribution features and economic loss evaluation are also analysed. Finally,experiences and lessons of protection against earthquake and disaster reduction are summed up,cause of formation on the earthquake damages are given in term of investigations.
引文
[1]铁道部设计局西北分局,1954,山丹县地震调查报告(内部资料)。
[2]山丹县委编写,1954,山丹县地震灾害及救济情况报告(内部资料)。
[3]董治平等,1999,1954年山丹地震断裂带研究(内部资料)。
董治平、何文贵、戴华光,2000,1954年山丹地震破裂带的初步考证,西北地震学报,22(1),46。
董治平、赵广、马尔曼等,2004,2003年10月25日甘肃民乐—山丹6.1、5.8级地震,甘肃科学学报,16(3),49～53。
董治平、赵仪泉、慕文斋等,2005,1954年山丹714级地震概述,西北地震学报,27(增刊),19～26。
甘肃省地方史志编篡委员会,1991,甘肃省志.地震志,兰州:甘肃人民出版社。
国家地震局兰州地震研究所,1985,陕甘宁青四省(区)强地震目录,西安:陕西科学技术出版社。
李宏男、赵衍刚,2005,日本新县中越大地震震害调查及分析,自然灾害学报,14(1),165～174。
马尔曼、王彦宾、周俊喜等,1998,1995年5.8级地震灾害评估,西北地震学报,20(2),62～69。
谢毓寿、郭履灿,1957,1954年2月11日甘肃省山丹县的地震,地球物理学报,6(2),159～179。
谢毓寿、蔡美彪主编,1983,中国地震历史资料汇编(第五卷),北京:科学出版社。
周光,甘肃山丹地震的地质现象,地质学报,1954,34(3),291～300。
[2]山丹县委编写,1954,山丹县地震灾害及救济情况报告(内部资料)。
[3]董治平等,1999,1954年山丹地震断裂带研究(内部资料)。
董治平、何文贵、戴华光,2000,1954年山丹地震破裂带的初步考证,西北地震学报,22(1),46。
董治平、赵广、马尔曼等,2004,2003年10月25日甘肃民乐—山丹6.1、5.8级地震,甘肃科学学报,16(3),49～53。
董治平、赵仪泉、慕文斋等,2005,1954年山丹714级地震概述,西北地震学报,27(增刊),19～26。
甘肃省地方史志编篡委员会,1991,甘肃省志.地震志,兰州:甘肃人民出版社。
国家地震局兰州地震研究所,1985,陕甘宁青四省(区)强地震目录,西安:陕西科学技术出版社。
李宏男、赵衍刚,2005,日本新县中越大地震震害调查及分析,自然灾害学报,14(1),165～174。
马尔曼、王彦宾、周俊喜等,1998,1995年5.8级地震灾害评估,西北地震学报,20(2),62～69。
谢毓寿、郭履灿,1957,1954年2月11日甘肃省山丹县的地震,地球物理学报,6(2),159～179。
谢毓寿、蔡美彪主编,1983,中国地震历史资料汇编(第五卷),北京:科学出版社。
周光,甘肃山丹地震的地质现象,地质学报,1954,34(3),291～300。
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