地震散射波模拟成像方法在铜陵某矿区的应用
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摘要
针对深部隐伏的金属矿床,以铜陵某矿区为例,应用散射波正演模拟技术,对金属矿地震数据野外采集中涉及的偏移距、覆盖次数、道间距等参数进行了不同炮记录的模拟对比,辅助指导非均匀地质体金属矿地震勘探野外数据采集的观测系统设计;针对该地区实际采集的地震数据,应用基于等效偏移距的共散射点成像方法,对金属矿地震数据进行了处理,通过与常规反射波法处理结果对比,散射成像效果较好,说明散射波技术在金属矿地震勘探中应用有一定的可行性和适用性.
It s difficult to explore the hidden metal ore since the depth of the ore deposit is larger than 500 meters, even 1000 meters.It has been a long time since the Tongling ore field was explored and produced,and the target of exploration now is focused on the ore deposit deeper than 1000 meters depth.In this paper,we applied a simulating method of the scattered wave to discuss some key parameters used in field sampling,such as offset,folds,and receiver s interval.The modeling records show that simulation of the scattered wave is helpful for the seismic data sampling in the metal ore fields,and guaranteed for a higher signal to noise ratio of the seismic data.Then,we applied the scattered wave imaging,a method based on the Common Scattered Points(CSP)profile with same equivalent offsets,to process the field seismic data.The results show as a better image than the conventional migration profile with method of reflecting wave.So we can see that the technique of scattered wave can be applied to the seismic exploration of metal ore.
It s difficult to explore the hidden metal ore since the depth of the ore deposit is larger than 500 meters, even 1000 meters.It has been a long time since the Tongling ore field was explored and produced,and the target of exploration now is focused on the ore deposit deeper than 1000 meters depth.In this paper,we applied a simulating method of the scattered wave to discuss some key parameters used in field sampling,such as offset,folds,and receiver s interval.The modeling records show that simulation of the scattered wave is helpful for the seismic data sampling in the metal ore fields,and guaranteed for a higher signal to noise ratio of the seismic data.Then,we applied the scattered wave imaging,a method based on the Common Scattered Points(CSP)profile with same equivalent offsets,to process the field seismic data.The results show as a better image than the conventional migration profile with method of reflecting wave.So we can see that the technique of scattered wave can be applied to the seismic exploration of metal ore.
引文
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[2] 徐明才,高景华,柴铭涛,等.寻找隐伏金属矿的地震方法技术研究[J].物探与化探,1997,21(6) :468～474． Xu M C,Gao J H,Chai M T,et al.A study of seismic method for detecting concealed metallic deposits[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1997,21(6) :468～474．
[3] 吕庆田,侯增谦,史大年,等.铜陵狮子山金属矿地震反射结果及对区域找矿的意义[J].矿床地质,2004,23(3) ::390～398． L(u|¨)Q T,Hou Z Q,Shi D N,et al.Tentative seismic reflection study of Shizishan Orefield in Tongling and its Significance in Regional Exploration[J].Mineral Deposits,2004,23(3) :390～398．
[4] 孟小红,郭良辉,石磊.等.重力和重力梯度数据三维相关成像[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(4) :1098～1106． Meng X H,Guo L H,Zhang Z F,et al.Reconstruction of seismic data with least squares inversion based on nonuniform fast Fourier transform[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(4) :1098～1106．
[5] 闫永利,陈本池,赵永贵,等.电阻率层析成像非线性反演[J].地球物理学报,2009,:i2(3) :758～764． Yan Y L,Chen B C,Zhao Y G,et al.Nonlinear inversion for electrical resistivity tomography[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2009,52(3) :758～764．
[6] 王若,王妙月,底青云,等.巴颜喀拉块体东南缘地质构造的航磁反演成像[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(6) :1787～1793． Wang R,Wang M Y,Di Q Y,etal.The geology structure imaging by aero magnetic data inversion at the Southeast margin of Bayan Hat Block[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2007． 50(6) :1787～1793．
[7] 徐明才,高景华,柴铭涛,等.内蒙古大井铜锡多金属矿区的地震方法试验研究[J].CPS/SEG国际地球物理会议论文集(详细摘要),2004:459～463． Xu M C,Gao J H,Cai M T,et al.Seismic experimental study on ploymetallic ore field in inner Mongolia,CPS/SEG International Expanded Abstract,2004,459～463．
[8] James K A,David A E,Edwin B N,et al.High-resolution seismic study in the Gas Hills Uranium district,Wyoming[J].Geophysics,1982,47(10) 1355～1347．
[9] Robert B H,William A M.Reflection seisrnic profiling for massive sulphides in the high arctic[J].SEG Expanded Abstracts,1994,13:531．
[10] 朱梅生,何雪洲.国外浅部地震勘探技术的应用[J].物探化探译丛,1995,3(98) :1～10． Zhu M S,He X Z.Foreign application of shallow seismic exploration tech[J].Translation Bulletin of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1995,3(98) :1～10．
[11] 籍间冰,徐明才.俄罗斯金属矿地震勘探[J1． 物探化探译丛,1995,4(99) :25～34． Ji T B,Xu M C.Metallic seismic exploration in Russia,Translation Bulletin of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1985,4(99) :25～34．
[12] 崔占荣.安徽铜陵狮子山矿区金属矿地震方法技术研究[A].勘查地球物理勘查地球化学文集[C],1996,26～35． Cui Z R.Research on the metallic seismic exploration method in Tongling Shizishan ore field,Anhui Province[A].Papers on Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration[C],1996,26～35．
[13] 李战业,尹军杰,王赟.地震散射波模拟成像在金属矿勘探中的应用[J].地质与勘探,2009,45(2) :82～87． Li Z Y,Yin J J,Wang Y.The numerical simulation and imaging of seismic scattered wave applied to base metal exploration[J].Geology and Exploration,2009,45(2) :82 ～87．
[14] Xu M C,Hu Z Y,Gao J H,et al.Research of Seismic Methods in Metal Exploration[A].Procedings of the 30th Interational Geological Congress[C].Intertional Science Publishers,Holland,1977．
[15] Bernd Milkereit E K Bener,et al.Development of 3-D seismic exploration technology for deeep nickel-copper deposits-A case history from the Sudbury basin[J].Canada Geophysics,2001,65(6) .
[16] 孙明,林君.金属矿地震散射波场的数值模拟研究[J].地质与勘探,2001,37(4总375) :68～70． Sun M,Lin J.Study of seismic scattering wave field numerical model for metallic ore exploration[J].Geology and Prospecting,2001,37(4) :68～70．
[17] 徐明才,高景华,柴铭涛,等.用于金属矿勘查地震方法技术[J].物探化探计算技术,2007,29(1) ;138～143． Xu M C,Gao J H,Cai M T,et al.A seismic methodology for mineral exploration,Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration[J].Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2007,29(1) :138～143．
[18] 徐明才,高景华,柴铭涛,等.寻找隐伏金属矿的地震方法技术研究[J].物探与化探,1997,2l(6) :468～474． Xu M C,Gao J H,Cai M T,et al.A study of seismic technology exploring blind metal deposit[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,1997,21(6) :468～474．
[19] 高景华.金属矿勘查中的地震理论模型研究[J].物探与化探,2002,26(5) :350～356． Gao J H.Seismic theoretical model in the exploration of metallic ore deposits[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2002,26(5) :350～356．
[20] 徐明才,高景华,荣立新,等.散射波地震方法在蔡家营多金属矿区的试验研究[J].物探与化探,2003,27(1) :49～54． Xu M C,Gao J H,Rong L X,et al.An experimental study of seismic scattering event method in the Caijiaying polymetallic ore district[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2003,27(1) :49～54．
[21] Aki K,Richards P.Quantitative Seismology,1980,Vol.2． ,W.H.Freeman,San Francisco.
[22] Wu R S,Aki K.Scattering characteristics of elastic waves by an elastic heterogeneity[J].Geophysics,1985,50:582～595．
[23] Sato H.Attenuation and Envelope Formation for Threecomponent Seismograms of Small Local Earthquakes in Randomly Inhomogeneous Lithosphere[J].Geophys.Res.,1984,89:1221～1241．
[24] Wu R S,Aki K.Elastic wave scattering by a random medium and the small scale inhomogeneities in the Lithosphere[J].Geophys.Res.,1985,90:10261～10273．
[25] 李小凡.大延伸非均匀介质中地震波全弹性散射理论Ⅰ-弹性波单次次散射理论[J].力学学报,2002,34(4) :559～568． Li X F.Theory of full elastic scattering of seismic waves for the heterogeneous media of large extent I-theory of elastic waves of single scattering[J].ACTA Mechanica Sinica,2002,34(4) ,559～568．
[26] 李小凡.大延伸非均匀介质中地震波全弹性散射理论Ⅱ-弹性波多次散射理论[J].力学学报,2002,34(5) :743～755． Li X F.Theory of full elastic scattering of seismic waves for the heterogeneous media of large extent Ⅱ-theory of elastic waves of multiple scattering[J].ACTA Mechanica Sinica,2002,34(5) ,743～755．
[27] Wu R S,Huang L J.Scattered field calculation in heterogenous media using a phase-screen propagator:Expanded Abstracts of the Technical Program[C].SEG'62nd Annual Meeting,1992,1289～1292．
[28] 符力耘,杨慧珠,牟永光.非均匀介质散射问题的体积分方程数值解法[J].力学学报,1998,30(4) :488～494． Fu L Y,Yang H Z,Mo Y G.Vulume interal equation method for scattering problems of inhomogeneous media[J].ACTA Mechanica Sinica,1998,30(4) :488～494．
[29] David W E.Weak elatic-wave scattering from massive sulfide orebodies[J].Geophysics,1998,64:289～299．
[30] 黄雪继.地震波散射场相位移法波动方程正演模拟[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2003． Huang X J.Modeling and Simulation of phase shift method of seismic scattering wave equation[D].Beijing:China University of Geology,2003．
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