弹性地层介质中地震反射信号的传输网络模型
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摘要
地震勘探是以研究人工激发的弹性波在地壳中传播为基础的探测地壳地质结构和寻找油藏的重要方法。磁感式地震检波器是地震勘探中通常采用的接收传感器。它是根据力学运动微分方程和电磁感应原理制成的。其作用是将传播到地表的地震子波信号引起的质点振动转换成电信号。虽然它作为传感器在许多领域中得到了广泛的应用,但是目前人们在地震勘探数据的处理和分析上很少考虑到检波器的声-电转换作用对测量的地震勘探信号的影响。我们计算和分析了检波器的声-电传输特性对接收的地震勘探信号的时域波形和幅度谱的影响,建立了地震勘探信号传输网络模型,为优化设计检波器和更为精确地用测量到的地震勘探信号反演所测地层的地质结构和物理特性提供了更完善的理论基础。
Seismic exploration is an important method for inversing the geology structure of Earth’s interior by using seismic reflection data. Usually, the geophone is the receiving sensor and it changes the received seismic reflection signals into the electric signals. The magnetic-induction geophone is made on the basis of the differential equation of mechanical motion and electric-magnetic induction principle. Although the geophone has been used widely, the effect of its acoustic-electric conversion property on the processing and analysis of seismic reflection signals has been very few considered. In this paper we calculate and analyze the effect of the acoustic-electrical conversion property of the geophone on the waveform and amplitude spectrum of seismic reflection signals, set up a seismic exploration transmission network model, put forward an optimal design method of geophone and provide a theory basis for accurately inversing the geological structure of Earth′s interior by using seismic reflection data.
Seismic exploration is an important method for inversing the geology structure of Earth’s interior by using seismic reflection data. Usually, the geophone is the receiving sensor and it changes the received seismic reflection signals into the electric signals. The magnetic-induction geophone is made on the basis of the differential equation of mechanical motion and electric-magnetic induction principle. Although the geophone has been used widely, the effect of its acoustic-electric conversion property on the processing and analysis of seismic reflection signals has been very few considered. In this paper we calculate and analyze the effect of the acoustic-electrical conversion property of the geophone on the waveform and amplitude spectrum of seismic reflection signals, set up a seismic exploration transmission network model, put forward an optimal design method of geophone and provide a theory basis for accurately inversing the geological structure of Earth′s interior by using seismic reflection data.
引文
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[5]B.A.Auld,Acoustic fields and waves in solids.John Wileyand Sons,New York,1973
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[10]L.Fa,John P.Castagna,J.Hovemand Daqun Dong.Anacoustic loggingtransmission network model[J].J.Acoust.Soc.111,2158-2165(2002)
[2]付小宁.模态对滑动——地震检波器面临的问题[J].石油仪器,2001,15(2)
[3]法林,伍阳,李卫东.声波测井信号传输系统的模拟和计算[J].石油仪器,2005,19(4)
[4]L.Fa,R.L.Brown and J.P.Castagna.Anomalous post-critical refraction behavior for certain transversely isotropicmedia[J].J.Acoust.Soc.120(2006)
[5]B.A.Auld,Acoustic fields and waves in solids.John Wileyand Sons,New York,1973
[6]董世学.地震数据采集系统基本原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1993
[7]刘仲一.地震勘探仪器原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1986
[8]黄先律.地震勘探仪器[M].北京:地质出版社,1987
[9]郑君里.信号与系统[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1981
[10]L.Fa,John P.Castagna,J.Hovemand Daqun Dong.Anacoustic loggingtransmission network model[J].J.Acoust.Soc.111,2158-2165(2002)
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