含气地层地震波衰减特征分析
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摘要
利用地震波衰减特征进行地下储层流体性质预测已成为近年来研究的热点之一.地震波在含气地层传播过程中具有波动能量衰减剧烈、波形变化大、横向连续性差等特点,反映在地震波频谱中为高频分量衰减迅速、主频向低频方向移动、频带宽度变窄等现象.本文采用波动方程数值模拟方法,研究了含气地层地震波频谱的变化特征,认为含气层地震波频谱高频端衰减变化率与频率关系是含气层最为敏感的地震衰减参数,由此提出了利用不同频率分量进行含气层地震识别的有效方法.
The prediction of reservoirs fluid properties using seismic attenuation has become a research hotspot in recent years.Seismic wave energy is strongly attenuated,waveform is distorted as seismic wave propagate through the gas-bearing reservoirs.Correspondingly,high frequency components are rapidly attenuated,main frequency moves toward lower frequency direction in the seismic wave spectrum.The characteristic of the spectrum of gas-bearing reservoirs simulated by full wave equation has been studied,it is concluded that the relationship between the rate of change in attenuation of the spectrum and frequency is the most sensitive indicators of the seismic identification of the gas-bearing reservoirs.Thus,an effective method of seismic identification of gas-bearing reservoirs is proposed.
The prediction of reservoirs fluid properties using seismic attenuation has become a research hotspot in recent years.Seismic wave energy is strongly attenuated,waveform is distorted as seismic wave propagate through the gas-bearing reservoirs.Correspondingly,high frequency components are rapidly attenuated,main frequency moves toward lower frequency direction in the seismic wave spectrum.The characteristic of the spectrum of gas-bearing reservoirs simulated by full wave equation has been studied,it is concluded that the relationship between the rate of change in attenuation of the spectrum and frequency is the most sensitive indicators of the seismic identification of the gas-bearing reservoirs.Thus,an effective method of seismic identification of gas-bearing reservoirs is proposed.
引文
[1]He Zhen-hua,Xiong Xiao-jun,Bian Li-en.Numerical simulation of seismic low-frequency shadows and its application[J].Applied Geophysics,2008,5(4):301~306
[2]James Rickett.Estimating attenuation and the relative information content of amplitude and phase spectra[J].Geophysics,2007,72(1):19~27
[3]施行觉,等.岩石的含水饱和度对纵横波速度及衰减影响的试验研究[J].地球物理学报,1995,38supp1:281~287
[4]李生杰,等.地层衰减在地震记录上的特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):248~253
[5]Ebrom D.The low-frequency gas shadow on seismic sections[J].The Leading Edge,2004,23(8):772.
[6]Korneev V A,Goloshubin G M,Daley T M,et al.Seismic low-frequency effects in monitoring fluid-saturated reservoirs[J].Geophysics,2004,69(2):522~532.
[7]李生杰.孔隙介质超声波衰减测试与分析[J].湖南理工学院学报,2011,24(3):70~78
[2]James Rickett.Estimating attenuation and the relative information content of amplitude and phase spectra[J].Geophysics,2007,72(1):19~27
[3]施行觉,等.岩石的含水饱和度对纵横波速度及衰减影响的试验研究[J].地球物理学报,1995,38supp1:281~287
[4]李生杰,等.地层衰减在地震记录上的特征分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(3):248~253
[5]Ebrom D.The low-frequency gas shadow on seismic sections[J].The Leading Edge,2004,23(8):772.
[6]Korneev V A,Goloshubin G M,Daley T M,et al.Seismic low-frequency effects in monitoring fluid-saturated reservoirs[J].Geophysics,2004,69(2):522~532.
[7]李生杰.孔隙介质超声波衰减测试与分析[J].湖南理工学院学报,2011,24(3):70~78
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