准噶尔盆地南缘若干不整合界面的厘定
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摘要
通过对准噶尔盆地南缘及邻区18条野外地质剖面岩层岩性及产状的分析,识别出下石炭统齐尔古斯套群与上石炭统柳树沟组之间、中二叠统红雁池组与上二叠统泉子街组之间、下三叠统上仓房沟群与中上三叠统小泉沟群之间、中上三叠统小泉沟群与中下侏罗统水西沟群之间、中下侏罗统水西沟群与中侏罗统头屯河组之间、上侏罗统喀拉扎组与下白垩统之间、上白垩统东沟组与古新统紫泥泉子组之间、中新统塔西河组与上新统独山子组之间及上新统独山子组与第四系之间9个区域不整合界面,大多为角度不整合接触关系。测井曲线、地震剖面等地球物理证据及泥岩样品主微量元素、砂岩碎屑成分、碎屑岩微量元素、砂岩重矿物成分等地球化学证据证明了这9个不整合界面的存在,为准确合理划分研究区构造层序及构造阶段、确定研究区不同阶段成盆作用及改造作用提供了依据。图9参31
The analysis of the south margin of the Junggar Basin and the rock lithologies and attitudes of 18 field geologic sections in its adjacent area reveals that 9 regional unconformities,dominantly angular unconformities,exist between Lower Carboniferous Qiergusi Group and Upper Carboniferous Liushugou Formation,Middle Permian Hongyanchi Formation and Upper Permian Quanzijie Formation,Lower Triassic Shangcangfanggou Group and Middle-Upper Triassic Xiaoquangou Group,Middle-Upper Triassic Xiaoquangou Group and Middle-Lower Jurassic Shuixigou Group,Middle-Lower Jurassic Shuixigou Group and Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation,Upper Jurassic Kalazha Formation and Lower Cretaceous,Upper Cretaceous Donggou Formation and Paleocene Ziniquanzi Formation,Miocene Taxihe Formation and Pliocene Dushanzi Formation,Pliocene Dushanzi Formation and Quaternary.The occurrence of these unconformities are justified by geophysical evidences of logging curve and seismic profile and by geochemical evidences of trace elements and rare elements in mudstone samples,sandstone detrital composition,rare elements in clastic rocks,and heavy mineral composition and so on.These unconformities pave the way for the accurate division of tectonic sequences and stages and for determining basin forming processes in different stages.
The analysis of the south margin of the Junggar Basin and the rock lithologies and attitudes of 18 field geologic sections in its adjacent area reveals that 9 regional unconformities,dominantly angular unconformities,exist between Lower Carboniferous Qiergusi Group and Upper Carboniferous Liushugou Formation,Middle Permian Hongyanchi Formation and Upper Permian Quanzijie Formation,Lower Triassic Shangcangfanggou Group and Middle-Upper Triassic Xiaoquangou Group,Middle-Upper Triassic Xiaoquangou Group and Middle-Lower Jurassic Shuixigou Group,Middle-Lower Jurassic Shuixigou Group and Middle Jurassic Toutunhe Formation,Upper Jurassic Kalazha Formation and Lower Cretaceous,Upper Cretaceous Donggou Formation and Paleocene Ziniquanzi Formation,Miocene Taxihe Formation and Pliocene Dushanzi Formation,Pliocene Dushanzi Formation and Quaternary.The occurrence of these unconformities are justified by geophysical evidences of logging curve and seismic profile and by geochemical evidences of trace elements and rare elements in mudstone samples,sandstone detrital composition,rare elements in clastic rocks,and heavy mineral composition and so on.These unconformities pave the way for the accurate division of tectonic sequences and stages and for determining basin forming processes in different stages.
引文
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[19]祝彦贺,王英民,袁书坤,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘沉积特征及油气成藏规律———以五、八区佳木河组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(5):576-580.Zhu Yanhe,Wang Yingmin,Yuan Shukun,et al.Sedi mentarycharacteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation rules innorthwestern Junggar Basin:A case from Jiamuhe Formation ofNo.5 and 8 area[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(5):576-580.
[20]陈建平,查明,柳广弟,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘斜坡区不整合面在油气成藏中的作用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(4):75-78.Chen Jianping,Zha Ming,Liu Guangdi,et al.I mportance ofunconformity in oil and gas accumulation in the Northwesternslope of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of the University ofPetroleum,China,2000,24(4):75-78.
[21]杨勇,查明.准噶尔盆地乌尔禾—夏子街地区不整合发育特征及其在油气成藏中的作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):304-309.Yang Yong,Zha Ming.Development of unconformity and itseffect on the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon inWuerhe-Xiazijie area,Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Explorationand Development,2007,34(3):304-309.
[22]潘钟祥.不整合对于油气运移聚集的重要性[J].石油学报,1983,4(4):1-10.Pan Zhongxiang.Significance of unconformity to oil and gasmigration and accumulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1983,4(4):1-10.
[23]付广,许泽剑,韩冬玲,等.不整合面在油气藏形成中的作用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(1):1-5.Fu Guang,Xu Zejian,Han Dongling,et al.Role of surface ofunconformity in formation of oil or gas reservoirs[J].Journal ofDaqing PetroleumInstitute,2001,25(1):1-5.
[24]罗凯声.不整合研究在准噶尔盆地勘探中的作用[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):543-545.Luo Kaisheng.Significance of unconformity study in currentexploration practice of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang PetroleumGeology,2003,24(6):543-545.
[25]白斌.准噶尔南缘构造沉积演化及其控制下的基本油气地质条件[D].西安:西北大学,2008.Baibin.Tectono-sedi mentary evolution and its controls on basicpetroleum geological condition of southwest margin of Junggar[D].Xi’an:Northwest University,2008.
[26]何登发.不整合面的结构与油气聚集[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(2):142-149.He Dengfa.Structure of unconformity and its control onhydrocarbon accumulation[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2007,34(2):142-149.
[27]Dunbar C O,Rodgers J.Principles of stratigraphy[M].NewYork:John Wiley&Sons,1957.
[28]Schlee J S.Interregional unconformities and hydrocarbonaccumulation[M].Tulsa:AAPG,1984.
[29]张守安,吴亚军,余晓宇,等.塔里木盆地不整合油气藏的成藏条件及分布规律[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(1):15-17.Zhang Shou’an,Wu Yajun,Yu Xiaoyu,et al.Condition andtrend for formation of unconformity reservoir in Tari m Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1999,20(1):15-17.
[30]何登发.塔里木盆地的地层不整合面与油气聚集[J].石油学报,1995,16(3):14-21.He Dengfa.Unconformities and oil and gas accumulationin Tari mBasin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1995,16(3):14-21.
[31]何登发,周路,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地中侏罗统西山窑组与头屯河组间不整合面特征及其油气勘探意义[J].古地理学报,2007,9(4):387-396.He Dengfa,Zhou Lu,Tang Yong,et al.Characteristics ofunconformity between the Xishanyao Formation and ToutunheFormation of Middle Jurassic in Junggar Basin andits significancein petroleumexploration[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2007,9(4):387-396.
[2]黄汲清,陈炳蔚.中国及邻区特提斯海的演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1987.Huang Jiqing,Chen Bingwei.The evolution of the Tethys inChina and adjacent regions[M].Beijing:Geological PublishingHouse,1987.
[3]刘磊.准噶尔盆地车排子地区滚动勘探开发技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):569-574.Liu Lei.Progressing exploration and development technique ofChepaizi area in Junggar Basin,NW China[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2009,36(5):569-574.
[4]李春昱,汤耀庆.亚洲古板块划分以及有关问题[J].地质学报,1983,61(1):1-10.Li Chunyu,Tang Yaoqing.Some problems on subdivision ofPalaeo-plates in Asia[J].Acta Geological Sinica,1983,61(1):1-10.
[5]吴庆福.哈萨克斯坦板块准噶尔板块演化探讨[J].新疆石油地质,1985,6(1):11-22.Wu Qingfu.On evolution of Kazakhstan-Junggar Plate[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1985,6(1):11-22.
[6]王仁冲,徐怀民,刘楼军,等.准噶尔盆地滴南凸起水西沟群层序地层特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):601-608.Wang Renchong,Xu Huai min,Liu Loujun,et al.Sequencestratigraphy of Shuixigou Group at Dinan uplift,Junggar Basin,NWChina[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(5):601-608.
[7]肖序常.新疆北部及其邻区大地构造[M].北京:地质出版社,1992.Xiao Xuchang.Tectonic evolution of northern Xinjiang and itsadjacent regions[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1992.
[8]朱宝清,冯益民.新疆西准噶尔板块构造及演化[J].新疆地质,1994,12(2):91-105.Zhu Baoqing,Feng Yi min.Plate tectonics and evolution in westJunggar of Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Geology,1994,12(2):91-105.
[9]何国琦,李茂松,刘德权,等.中国新疆古生代地壳演化及成矿[M].乌鲁木齐:新疆人民出版社,1994.He Guoqi,Li Maosong,Liu Dequan,et al.Paleozoic crustalevolution and mineralization in Xinjiang of China[M].Urumqi:Xinjiang People Press,1994.
[10]王广瑞.新疆北部及邻区地质构造单元与地质发展史[J].新疆地质,1996,14(1):12-27.Wang Guangrui.Classification of tectonic units and geologicevolution in the Northern Xinjiang and neighboring area[J].Xinjiang Geology,1996,14(1):12-27.
[11]郝杰,刘小汉.南天山蛇绿混杂岩形成时代及大地构造意义[J].地质科学,1993,28(1):93-95.Hao Jie,Liu Xiaohan.Ophiolite melange ti me and tectonicevolutional model in South Tianshan area[J].Chinese Journal ofGeology,1993,28(1):93-95.
[12]Coleman R G,Wang X M.Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism[M].London:Cambridge University Press,1995.
[13]王宜昌.试论航磁异常与北疆裂谷系[J].新疆石油地质,1997,18(4):295-302.Wang Yichang.On aeromagnetic anomaly and rift system inNorthern Xinjiang[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1997,18(4):295-302.
[14]贾承造.中国中西部前陆冲断带构造特征与天然气富集规律[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):9-15.Jia Chengzao.Foreland thrust-fold belt features and gasaccumulation in Midwest China[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2005,32(4):9-15.
[15]陈发景,张光亚,陈昭年.不整合分析及其在陆相盆地构造研究中的意义[J].地球科学,2004,18(3):269-275.Chen Fajing,Zhang Guangya,Chen Zhaonian.Unconformityanalysis and its significance in the study of continental basintectonics[J].Geoscience,2004,18(3):269-275.
[16]管树巍,李本亮,侯连华,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘下盘掩伏构造油气勘探新领域[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(1):17-22.Guan Shuwei,Li Benliang,Hou Lianhua,et al.Newhydrocarbon exploration areas in footwall covered structures innorthwestern margin of Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Explorationand Development,2008,35(1):17-22.
[17]吴孔友,查明,柳广弟.准噶尔盆地二叠系不整合面及其油气运聚特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(2):53-57.Wu Kongyou,Zha Ming,Liu Guangdi.The unconformity surfacein the Permian of Junggar basin and the characters of oil-gasmigration and accumulation[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2002,29(2):53-57.
[18]向奎,鲍志东,庄文山.准噶尔盆地滩坝砂石油地质特征及勘探意义———以排2井沙湾组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(2):195-200.Xiang Kui,Bao Zhidong,Zhuang Wenshan.Petroleum geologyand exploration of beach sandbar in Junggar Basin,NWChina:Acase from the Shawan Formation in Well Pai 2[J].PetroleumExploration and Development,2008,35(2):195-200.
[19]祝彦贺,王英民,袁书坤,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘沉积特征及油气成藏规律———以五、八区佳木河组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(5):576-580.Zhu Yanhe,Wang Yingmin,Yuan Shukun,et al.Sedi mentarycharacteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation rules innorthwestern Junggar Basin:A case from Jiamuhe Formation ofNo.5 and 8 area[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(5):576-580.
[20]陈建平,查明,柳广弟,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘斜坡区不整合面在油气成藏中的作用[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2000,24(4):75-78.Chen Jianping,Zha Ming,Liu Guangdi,et al.I mportance ofunconformity in oil and gas accumulation in the Northwesternslope of Junggar Basin[J].Journal of the University ofPetroleum,China,2000,24(4):75-78.
[21]杨勇,查明.准噶尔盆地乌尔禾—夏子街地区不整合发育特征及其在油气成藏中的作用[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(3):304-309.Yang Yong,Zha Ming.Development of unconformity and itseffect on the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon inWuerhe-Xiazijie area,Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Explorationand Development,2007,34(3):304-309.
[22]潘钟祥.不整合对于油气运移聚集的重要性[J].石油学报,1983,4(4):1-10.Pan Zhongxiang.Significance of unconformity to oil and gasmigration and accumulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1983,4(4):1-10.
[23]付广,许泽剑,韩冬玲,等.不整合面在油气藏形成中的作用[J].大庆石油学院学报,2001,25(1):1-5.Fu Guang,Xu Zejian,Han Dongling,et al.Role of surface ofunconformity in formation of oil or gas reservoirs[J].Journal ofDaqing PetroleumInstitute,2001,25(1):1-5.
[24]罗凯声.不整合研究在准噶尔盆地勘探中的作用[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(6):543-545.Luo Kaisheng.Significance of unconformity study in currentexploration practice of Junggar Basin[J].Xinjiang PetroleumGeology,2003,24(6):543-545.
[25]白斌.准噶尔南缘构造沉积演化及其控制下的基本油气地质条件[D].西安:西北大学,2008.Baibin.Tectono-sedi mentary evolution and its controls on basicpetroleum geological condition of southwest margin of Junggar[D].Xi’an:Northwest University,2008.
[26]何登发.不整合面的结构与油气聚集[J].石油勘探与开发,2007,34(2):142-149.He Dengfa.Structure of unconformity and its control onhydrocarbon accumulation[J].Petroleum Exploration andDevelopment,2007,34(2):142-149.
[27]Dunbar C O,Rodgers J.Principles of stratigraphy[M].NewYork:John Wiley&Sons,1957.
[28]Schlee J S.Interregional unconformities and hydrocarbonaccumulation[M].Tulsa:AAPG,1984.
[29]张守安,吴亚军,余晓宇,等.塔里木盆地不整合油气藏的成藏条件及分布规律[J].新疆石油地质,1999,20(1):15-17.Zhang Shou’an,Wu Yajun,Yu Xiaoyu,et al.Condition andtrend for formation of unconformity reservoir in Tari m Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,1999,20(1):15-17.
[30]何登发.塔里木盆地的地层不整合面与油气聚集[J].石油学报,1995,16(3):14-21.He Dengfa.Unconformities and oil and gas accumulationin Tari mBasin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1995,16(3):14-21.
[31]何登发,周路,唐勇,等.准噶尔盆地中侏罗统西山窑组与头屯河组间不整合面特征及其油气勘探意义[J].古地理学报,2007,9(4):387-396.He Dengfa,Zhou Lu,Tang Yong,et al.Characteristics ofunconformity between the Xishanyao Formation and ToutunheFormation of Middle Jurassic in Junggar Basin andits significancein petroleumexploration[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2007,9(4):387-396.
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