利用面波信息调查表层结构的方法
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摘要
面波在天然地震和工程地震中分别被用于探测地球的宏观结构和微观结构,面波是石油地震勘探中的干扰波之一,其实,它也同样携带了地球的表层结构信息。石油勘探关注的低降速带属于速度从上到下递增的正向地层结构。通过面波的正演模型计算可知,在石油地震面波分布的频带范围内,主要是面波的基阶模式。运用p—ω变换,能有效提取出石油地震记录中的面波频散曲线。把表层结构划分成等厚薄层,采用光滑度约束,就能通过基阶的面波频散曲线反演出低降速带的横波速度,从而建立表层的结构模型。
Surface wave is separately used to explore the macro and micro structures of the earth in earthquake and engineering seismology. Surface wave,one of disturbing waves in petroleum exploration,carries also the information of surface layers in the earth. The low-velocity layer that concerned by petroleum prospecting belongs to the forward layer structure increasing from the top down. The forward model computation shows that the surface wave mainly exists in the range of base model. With p-ω transform,the dispersion curves of petroleum seismic records can be effectively picked up. By dividing the surface layer structure into isopach thin layer and adopting smooth restriction,the basic dispersion curves can be inversed into the shear velocity of low-velocity layer,thus developing the structural model of surface layer.
Surface wave is separately used to explore the macro and micro structures of the earth in earthquake and engineering seismology. Surface wave,one of disturbing waves in petroleum exploration,carries also the information of surface layers in the earth. The low-velocity layer that concerned by petroleum prospecting belongs to the forward layer structure increasing from the top down. The forward model computation shows that the surface wave mainly exists in the range of base model. With p-ω transform,the dispersion curves of petroleum seismic records can be effectively picked up. By dividing the surface layer structure into isopach thin layer and adopting smooth restriction,the basic dispersion curves can be inversed into the shear velocity of low-velocity layer,thus developing the structural model of surface layer.
引文
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[9]王振国,周熙襄.再论利用瑞雷面波调查表层结构的可行性[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):505-508.
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[13]Jianghai Xia,Miller R D,Park CB.Estimation ofnearsurface shear-wave velocity by inversion of Rayleigh waves[J].Geophysics,1999,64(3):691-700.
[2]Michael Roth,Klaus Holliger.用遗传算法联合反演高分辨率数据里的瑞雷波和导波[A]//SEG第68届年会论文概要[C].北京:石油工业出版社,1999:105-106.
[3]MariL.Estimationofstaticcorrectionsforshear-waveprofiling usingthedispersionpropertiesofLovewaves[J].Geophysics,1984,49(8):1169-1179.
[4]裴江云,吴永刚,刘英杰.近地表低速带反演[J].长春地质学院学报,1994,24(3):317-320.
[5]曾校丰,钱荣毅,邓新生.油气反射波地震勘探记录中面波信息的提取[J].物探与化探,2001,25(6):444-446.
[6]米晓利,王欣,李永革,等.瞬态瑞雷面波技术在地震勘探方面的应用研究[J].物探装备,2002,12(2):95-100.
[7]席拥军.面波法静校正在新疆塔里木山地地震勘探中的应用研究[D].中国矿业大学,1998.
[8]周熙襄,王振国.利用瑞雷面波调查表层结构的可行性探讨[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(2):181-186.
[9]王振国,周熙襄.再论利用瑞雷面波调查表层结构的可行性[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(5):505-508.
[10]XiaofeiChen.Asystematicandefficientmethodofcomputing normal modes for multilayered half space[J].Geophysics J.Int.,1993,115:391-409.
[11]McMechan G A,Yedlint J.Analysis of dispersive waves by wave field transformation[J].Geophysics,1981,46(6):869-874.
[12]ConstableSC,ParkerRL,ConstableCG.Occam'sinversion:a practical algorithm for generating smooth models from electromagnetic soundingdata[J].Geophysics,1987,52(3):289-300.
[13]Jianghai Xia,Miller R D,Park CB.Estimation ofnearsurface shear-wave velocity by inversion of Rayleigh waves[J].Geophysics,1999,64(3):691-700.
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