爆破影响下岩质高边坡浅表层块体稳定性研究
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摘要
岩质高边坡整体稳定性主要受软弱结构面及其组合控制,在组合有利的情况下,边坡主要发生浅表层块体失稳,开挖时的爆破振动作用是影响浅表层块体稳定的重要因素。本文以大渡河中游某岩质块状结构高边坡为例研究浅表层块体的稳定性,在总结浅表层块体失稳特征的基础上,实测爆破振动曲线,进行块体稳定性评价。研究结果表明,开挖后已失稳浅表层块体大多小于10m3,80%受软弱结构面控制,70%集中在马道下缘;实测的浅表层块体爆破振动加速度曲线显示,与邻近围岩相比,浅表层块体振动持续时间长,频率低,峰值小;等效静力法评价结果较爆破参数推算法更适用于临界失稳浅表层块体的稳定性评价。
Rock slope has weak structural planes. They are propitious to stability. The primary stability problem of rock slope i the surface rock block stability. Blasting vibration with excavation is an important factor in stability evaluation of surface rock blocks. This paper examines the case of a granite slope on middle Dadu River. It summarizes the rule of the failure rock blocks on surface characteristics. Secondly,it measures the blasting vibration acceleration curve of a potential failure block. Finally,it completes the slope stability evaluation. As a result,the volume of failure blocks is always less than 10 m3. 80% failure blocks are formed by weak structural planes,and 70% of these are along the slope benches. Comparing with rock mass near the block,the block vibration time is longer but with lower climax and lower frequency. Equivalent-statical method is more appropriate in practice.
Rock slope has weak structural planes. They are propitious to stability. The primary stability problem of rock slope i the surface rock block stability. Blasting vibration with excavation is an important factor in stability evaluation of surface rock blocks. This paper examines the case of a granite slope on middle Dadu River. It summarizes the rule of the failure rock blocks on surface characteristics. Secondly,it measures the blasting vibration acceleration curve of a potential failure block. Finally,it completes the slope stability evaluation. As a result,the volume of failure blocks is always less than 10 m3. 80% failure blocks are formed by weak structural planes,and 70% of these are along the slope benches. Comparing with rock mass near the block,the block vibration time is longer but with lower climax and lower frequency. Equivalent-statical method is more appropriate in practice.
引文
[1]张倬元,王士天,王兰生.工程地质分析原理[M].北京:地质出版社,1994.Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian,Wang Lansheng.Fundamental a-nalysis of engineering geology.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1994.
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[3]Hoek E,Bray J W.Rock Slope engineering revised third edition[M].Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,1981.
[4]Kumsar H,AydanO,Ulusay R.Dynamic and static stability as-sessment of rock slopes against wedge failures[J].Rock Mech Rock Engng.,2000,33(1):31～51.
[5]Yossef H.Hatzor,M.ASCE.Key block stability in seismically ac-tive rock slopes-snake path cliff,Masada[J].Journal of Geotechnical&Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(8):697～710.
[6]陈明,卢文波,舒大强,周创兵.爆破振动作用下边坡极限平衡分析的等效加速度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,4(4):784～790.Chen Ming,et al..Calculation method of equivalent acceleration for limit equilibrium analysis of slope under blasting vibration.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,4(4):784～790.
[7]吕淑然.露天台阶爆破地震效应[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2007.Lue Shuran.Opencast mine bench blasting seismic effect.Beijing:Capital University of Economic and Business Publishing House,2007.
[8]刘红帅,薄景山,刘德东.岩土边坡地震稳定性评价方法研究进展[J].防灾科技学院学报,2007,9(3):20～27.Liu Hongshuai.Development on study of seismic stability evalua-tion methods of rock-soil slopes.J.of Institute of Disaster-Pre-vention Science and Technology,2007,9(3):20～27.
[9]王思敬,薛守义.岩体边坡楔形体动力学分析[J].地质科学,1992,(2)177～182.Wang Sijing.Dynamic analysis of wedge sliding on rock slope.Scientia Geologica Sinica,1992,(2)177～182.
[10]李翼祺,马素贞爆炸力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.Li Yiqi Ma Suzhen.Explosive mechanics.Beijing:Science Press,1992.
[11]Gen-hua Shi.Single and multiple block limit equilibrium of key block method and discontinuous defornlation analysis,In:Y.H.Hatzor(ed),Stabiliy of Rock Structures Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Analysis of Discontinuous Deforma-tion,3～43,Balkema,2002.
[12]许红涛.岩石高边坡爆破动力稳定性研究[D].武汉大学博士学位论文,2006.Xu Hongtao.Study on the dynamic stability of high rock slope in-duced by blasting vibration.The Dissertation of Wuhan University for Doctor Degree of Hydraulic Structure Engineering April,2006.
[13]许红涛,卢文波,周创兵,姜清辉.基于时程分析的岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定性分析方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2213～2219.Xu Hongtao.Time history analysis methods for evaluating dynam-ic stability of high rock slope under excavation blasting.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2213～2219.
[14]张永哲,甄胜利.漫湾电站开挖爆破对高边坡动力稳定的分析研究[J].工程爆破,1996,2(1):1～7.Zhang Yongzhe,Zhen Shengli.Study on effect of excavation blasting on dynamic stability of high rock slope at Manwan hydro-power station.Engineering Blasting,1996,2(1):1～7.
[15]巨能攀,赵建军,邓辉,黄润秋,段海澎.黄山高速滑移弯曲边坡变形机理分析及应急治理对策[J].地球科学进展,2008,5(5):474～481.Ju Nengpan,et al..Analysis of deformation of sliding to bending slope and study of deformation emergency control at Huangshan expressway.Advances in Earth Science,2008,5(5):474～481.
[16]白永健,黄润秋,巨能攀,赵建军,霍宇翔.高陡岩质边坡稳定性三维离散元分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(5):592～597.Bai Yongjian,et al..3DEC stability analysis of high and steep rock slope.Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(5):592～597.
[2]黄润秋,张倬元,王士天.高边坡稳定性的系统工程地质研究[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1991.Huang Runqiu,Zhang Zhuoyuan,Wang Shitian.System study of engineering geology in stability of high-slope.Chengdu:Univer-sity of Science and Technology of Chengdu Press,1991.
[3]Hoek E,Bray J W.Rock Slope engineering revised third edition[M].Institution of Mining and Metallurgy,1981.
[4]Kumsar H,AydanO,Ulusay R.Dynamic and static stability as-sessment of rock slopes against wedge failures[J].Rock Mech Rock Engng.,2000,33(1):31～51.
[5]Yossef H.Hatzor,M.ASCE.Key block stability in seismically ac-tive rock slopes-snake path cliff,Masada[J].Journal of Geotechnical&Geoenvironmental Engineering,2003,129(8):697～710.
[6]陈明,卢文波,舒大强,周创兵.爆破振动作用下边坡极限平衡分析的等效加速度计算方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,4(4):784～790.Chen Ming,et al..Calculation method of equivalent acceleration for limit equilibrium analysis of slope under blasting vibration.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,4(4):784～790.
[7]吕淑然.露天台阶爆破地震效应[M].北京:首都经济贸易大学出版社,2007.Lue Shuran.Opencast mine bench blasting seismic effect.Beijing:Capital University of Economic and Business Publishing House,2007.
[8]刘红帅,薄景山,刘德东.岩土边坡地震稳定性评价方法研究进展[J].防灾科技学院学报,2007,9(3):20～27.Liu Hongshuai.Development on study of seismic stability evalua-tion methods of rock-soil slopes.J.of Institute of Disaster-Pre-vention Science and Technology,2007,9(3):20～27.
[9]王思敬,薛守义.岩体边坡楔形体动力学分析[J].地质科学,1992,(2)177～182.Wang Sijing.Dynamic analysis of wedge sliding on rock slope.Scientia Geologica Sinica,1992,(2)177～182.
[10]李翼祺,马素贞爆炸力学[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.Li Yiqi Ma Suzhen.Explosive mechanics.Beijing:Science Press,1992.
[11]Gen-hua Shi.Single and multiple block limit equilibrium of key block method and discontinuous defornlation analysis,In:Y.H.Hatzor(ed),Stabiliy of Rock Structures Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Analysis of Discontinuous Deforma-tion,3～43,Balkema,2002.
[12]许红涛.岩石高边坡爆破动力稳定性研究[D].武汉大学博士学位论文,2006.Xu Hongtao.Study on the dynamic stability of high rock slope in-duced by blasting vibration.The Dissertation of Wuhan University for Doctor Degree of Hydraulic Structure Engineering April,2006.
[13]许红涛,卢文波,周创兵,姜清辉.基于时程分析的岩质高边坡开挖爆破动力稳定性分析方法[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(11):2213～2219.Xu Hongtao.Time history analysis methods for evaluating dynam-ic stability of high rock slope under excavation blasting.Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(11):2213～2219.
[14]张永哲,甄胜利.漫湾电站开挖爆破对高边坡动力稳定的分析研究[J].工程爆破,1996,2(1):1～7.Zhang Yongzhe,Zhen Shengli.Study on effect of excavation blasting on dynamic stability of high rock slope at Manwan hydro-power station.Engineering Blasting,1996,2(1):1～7.
[15]巨能攀,赵建军,邓辉,黄润秋,段海澎.黄山高速滑移弯曲边坡变形机理分析及应急治理对策[J].地球科学进展,2008,5(5):474～481.Ju Nengpan,et al..Analysis of deformation of sliding to bending slope and study of deformation emergency control at Huangshan expressway.Advances in Earth Science,2008,5(5):474～481.
[16]白永健,黄润秋,巨能攀,赵建军,霍宇翔.高陡岩质边坡稳定性三维离散元分析[J].工程地质学报,2008,16(5):592～597.Bai Yongjian,et al..3DEC stability analysis of high and steep rock slope.Journal of Engineering Geology,2008,16(5):592～597.
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