Kirchhoff叠前偏移在天然气水合物准三维地震资料处理中的应用
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摘要
在针对天然气水合物的准三维地震资料处理中,由于受观测系统不规则、横向覆盖次数变化剧烈以及空间假频的影响,叠后偏移难以取得良好的效果。本研究从目前天然气水合物准三维地震资料偏移成像研究现状入手,总结了叠后偏移成像存在的问题,对比分析了Kirchhoff叠前偏移和波动方程叠前偏移的原理和特点,认为Kirchhoff积分法受观测系统不规则和横向覆盖次数变化剧烈的影响较小,适合于天然气水合物准三维地震资料叠前偏移处理。并将Kirch-hoff积分法叠前偏移应用到南海北部神狐海域天然气水合物准三维地震资料处理中,同叠后偏移处理相比,Kirchhoff叠前偏移处理获得了更好的效果。
In the course of processing quasi three dimensional seismic data of gas hydrate,the effect of poststack migration is unsatisfactory resulting from the influences of the irregularity of geometry,intense changes of folds and spatial aliasing.This paper studied the present development status of migration imaging on interpretation of quasi three dimensional seismic data of gas hydrate,and concluded the problems of poststack migration and analyzed the characteristics of main prestack migration algorithms.It is believed that Kirchhoff integral method is little effected by the irregularity of geometry and intense changes of velocity and is favorable to prestack migration processing of quasi three dimensional seismic data of gas hydrate.Kirchhoff integral method prestack migration was applied to process the quasi three dimensional seismic data collected in Shenhu area in northern South China Sea and obtained better effect than poststack migration.
In the course of processing quasi three dimensional seismic data of gas hydrate,the effect of poststack migration is unsatisfactory resulting from the influences of the irregularity of geometry,intense changes of folds and spatial aliasing.This paper studied the present development status of migration imaging on interpretation of quasi three dimensional seismic data of gas hydrate,and concluded the problems of poststack migration and analyzed the characteristics of main prestack migration algorithms.It is believed that Kirchhoff integral method is little effected by the irregularity of geometry and intense changes of velocity and is favorable to prestack migration processing of quasi three dimensional seismic data of gas hydrate.Kirchhoff integral method prestack migration was applied to process the quasi three dimensional seismic data collected in Shenhu area in northern South China Sea and obtained better effect than poststack migration.
引文
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[18]沙志彬,王宏斌,杨木壮,等.天然气水合物成矿带的识别技术研究[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):438-446.
[2]赵庆献,韩立国,伍忠良,等.天然气水合物准三维地震勘探电缆动态定位精度研究[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2009,39(5):936-941.
[3]Michael Riedel.3-D seismic investigations of northern Cascadiamarine gas hydrate[D].Victoria:University of Victoria,2001.
[4]Matthew J H.3D seismic imaging and fluid flow analysis of gashydrate province[D].Laramie:University of Wyoming,2005.
[5]Pecher I A,Minshull TA,Singh S C,et al.Velocity structure ofa bottom simulating reflector offshore Peru:Results from fullwaveform inversion[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2001,139:459-469.
[6]Stoffa P L,Fokkema J T,de Luma Freire R M,et al.Split-stepFourier migration[J].Geophysics,1990,55(4):410-421.
[7]王棣,王华中.叠前时间偏移方法综述[J].勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(5):310-320.
[8]Cordsen A.Narrow-versus wide-azimuth land 3D seismic surveys[J].The Leading Edge,2002,21(8):764-770.
[9]Sherif R E,Geldart L P.Exploration Seismology[M].Cam-bridge:Cambridge University Press,1995:20-25.
[10]Jon F C,James L Black.Basic Earth Imaging[M].Stanford:Stanford University Press,2005:1-17.
[11]王锡文,秦广胜,陈君,等.叠前克希霍夫成像技术及其应用[J].江汉石油学院学报,2004,26(6):52-55.
[12]郭时光.Kirchhoff公式的一种推导[J].四川理工学院学报:自然科学版,2005,18(2):99-102.
[13]张永刚.地震波场数值模拟方法[J].石油物探,2003,42(2):143-148.
[14]Alistair R B.Seismic attributes and their classification[J].TheLeading Edge,1996,15(10):1090.
[15]Quiney C,Steve S.Seismic attributes technology for reservoirforecasting and monitoring[J].The Leading Edge,1997,16(5):445-456.
[16]姚伯初,杨木壮,吴时国,等.中国海域的天然气水合物资源[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):333-341.
[17]陆敬安,杨胜雄,吴能友,等.南海神狐海域天然气水合物地球物理测井评价[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):447-451.
[18]沙志彬,王宏斌,杨木壮,等.天然气水合物成矿带的识别技术研究[J].现代地质,2008,22(3):438-446.
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