南堡凹陷晚新生代X型断层形成机制及其对油气运聚的控制
|
摘要
通过高分辨率三维地震资料解释、平衡地质剖面分析,并结合前人的构造物理模拟实验结果,指出南堡凹陷地震剖面显示的断层基本组合形式为复杂X型,继而对其发展模式及成因机制进行探讨,认为:(1)南堡凹陷复杂X型断层组合形成自晚新生代馆陶组沉积时期,明化镇组沉积以来显著发育,并呈现对称性与非对称性两种形态;(2)南堡凹陷新生代构造经历了古近纪地壳单剪变形与新近纪以来地壳纯剪变形机制的叠加,X型断层的广泛发育受控于地壳的纯剪变形机制,并主要由基底先存断层的重新活动触发。在此基础上分析了X型断层对油气运聚的影响,指出X型断层夹持的地垒构造是深层有利油气圈闭,X型断层下部大量微小断层分支能够取代主干油源断层,成为沟通烃源岩与浅层圈闭的有效运移通道。
The Nanpu Sag,located in the northern Huanghua Depression of the Bohai Bay basin,is a Cenozoic petroliferous extensional sag.The late hydrocarbon accumulation and redistribution in this sag have been demonstrated to be controlled by structural evolution during late Cenozoic.Based on the 3D seismic data and results of balanced cross-section restoration,X-pattern normal faults are analyzed in detail and accordingly,the evolutionary models and formation mechanism are discussed.It is indicated that there exist two types of complex X-pattern normal faults,including asymmetrical and symmetrical patterns in the Nanpu Sag.The mechanism of pure shear model in the lower crust explains the formation of the X-pattern normal faults during late Cenozoic,which may be induced by pre-existing faults,i.e.,the X-pattern normal faults originated from the superimposition of the late Cenozoic pure shearing over the early Cenozoic simple shearing in the Nanpu Sag.The transition may be concerned with deep thermal regimes.It is also shown that there is a close relationship between the X-pattern normal faults and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Nanpu Sag.The deep horsts confined by the X-pattern normal faults may be promising targets for petroleum exploration.The absence of main faults does not necessarily mean that of petroleum in shallow traps because the numerous deep sub-resolvable faults of X-pattern can act as effective hydrocarbon pathways connecting the deep source rocks with the shallow reservoirs.
The Nanpu Sag,located in the northern Huanghua Depression of the Bohai Bay basin,is a Cenozoic petroliferous extensional sag.The late hydrocarbon accumulation and redistribution in this sag have been demonstrated to be controlled by structural evolution during late Cenozoic.Based on the 3D seismic data and results of balanced cross-section restoration,X-pattern normal faults are analyzed in detail and accordingly,the evolutionary models and formation mechanism are discussed.It is indicated that there exist two types of complex X-pattern normal faults,including asymmetrical and symmetrical patterns in the Nanpu Sag.The mechanism of pure shear model in the lower crust explains the formation of the X-pattern normal faults during late Cenozoic,which may be induced by pre-existing faults,i.e.,the X-pattern normal faults originated from the superimposition of the late Cenozoic pure shearing over the early Cenozoic simple shearing in the Nanpu Sag.The transition may be concerned with deep thermal regimes.It is also shown that there is a close relationship between the X-pattern normal faults and hydrocarbon accumulation in the Nanpu Sag.The deep horsts confined by the X-pattern normal faults may be promising targets for petroleum exploration.The absence of main faults does not necessarily mean that of petroleum in shallow traps because the numerous deep sub-resolvable faults of X-pattern can act as effective hydrocarbon pathways connecting the deep source rocks with the shallow reservoirs.
引文
陈胜早.2005.壳-幔动力学与活化构造(地洼)理论.大地构造与成矿学,29(1):87-98.
丛良滋,周海民.1998.南堡凹陷主动裂谷多幕拉张与油气关系.石油与天然气地质,19(4):296-301.
郭兴伟,施小斌,丘学林,吴智平,杨小秋,肖尚斌.2007.渤海湾盆地新生代沉降特征及其动力学机制探讨.大地构造与成矿学,31(3):273-280.
贾红义,于建国,王金铎.2007.惠民凹陷东部区域性走滑断裂构造系统的发现和意义.大地构造与成矿学,31(1):14-20.
林畅松,张燕梅,李思田,任建业,张英志.2004.中国东部中新生代断陷盆地幕式裂陷过程的动力学响应和模拟模型.地球科学—中国地质大学学报,29(5):583-588.
漆家福.2004.渤海湾新生代盆地的两种构造系统及其成因解释.中国地质,31(1):15-22.
王世虎,夏斌,陈根文,姜在兴,肖尚斌,于俊峰.2004.济阳凹陷构造特征及形成机制讨论.大地构造与成矿学,28(4):428-434.
张升平,吕宝凤,夏斌,刘冠德.2007.东营凹陷新生代构造转型及其控油意义.大地构造与成矿学,31(3):281-287.
钟延秋,李勇,郭洪金,钟建华.2006.济阳坳陷古近系同沉积背斜构造及其与油气的关系.大地构造与成矿学,30(1):28-40.
周海民,董月霞,刘蕴华,夏文臣,熊宝贤,丛良滋.2005.断陷盆地油气勘探理论与实践——以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷为例.北京:石油工业出版社,11-31.
Bretan P G,Nicol A,Walsh J J and Watterson J.1996.Originof some conjugate or"X"fault structures.The LeadingEdge,812-816.
Castagna J P.1995a.Intersecting faults,sealing faults,andother exploration issues.The Leading Edge,1187-1190.
Castagna J P.1995b.Problems,puzzles,and pitfalls:Explora-tion questions and answers.The Leading Edge,320.
Castagna J P.1996.Exploration questions and answers:The se-quel.The Leading Edge,43-45.
Ferrill D A,Morris A P,Stamatakos J A and Sims D W.2000.Crossing conjugate normal faults.AAPG Bulletin,84:1543-1559.
Horsfield W T.1980.Contemporaneous movement along cross-ing conjugate normal faults.Journal ofStructural Geology,2:305-310.
Maerten L,Willemse E J M,Pollard D D and Rawnsley K.1999.Slip distributions on intersecting normal faults.Jour-nal ofStructural Geology,21:259-271.
Morris A P,Ferrill D A and Henderson D B.1996.Slip tendencyanalysis and fault reactivation.Geology,24:275-278.
Nichol A,Walsh J J,Watterson J and Bretan P G.1995.Three-dimensional geometry and growth of conjugate normalfaults.Journal ofStructural Geology,17:847-862.
Payne S J,Zollweg J E and Rodgers D W.2004.Stress trigge-ring of conjugate normal faulting:Late aftershocks of the1983Ms7.3Borah Peak,Idaho Earthquake.Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society ofAmerica,94(3):828-844.
Walsh J J,Watterson J,Childs C and Nicol A.1996.Ductilestrain effects in the analysis of seismic interpretations ofnormal fault systems.Geological Society,London,SpecialPublications,99:27-40.
Watterson J,Nichol A,Walsh J J and Meier D.1998.Strainsat the intersections of synchronous conjugate normal faults.Journal ofStructural Geology,20:363-370.
Woods E P.1988.Extensional structures of the Jabiru Terrace,Vulcan Sub-basin.In:Purcell P G and Purcell R R(edi-tors).The North West Shelf,Australia.Proceedings of Pe-troleum Exploration Society Symposium,Perth,311-330.
丛良滋,周海民.1998.南堡凹陷主动裂谷多幕拉张与油气关系.石油与天然气地质,19(4):296-301.
郭兴伟,施小斌,丘学林,吴智平,杨小秋,肖尚斌.2007.渤海湾盆地新生代沉降特征及其动力学机制探讨.大地构造与成矿学,31(3):273-280.
贾红义,于建国,王金铎.2007.惠民凹陷东部区域性走滑断裂构造系统的发现和意义.大地构造与成矿学,31(1):14-20.
林畅松,张燕梅,李思田,任建业,张英志.2004.中国东部中新生代断陷盆地幕式裂陷过程的动力学响应和模拟模型.地球科学—中国地质大学学报,29(5):583-588.
漆家福.2004.渤海湾新生代盆地的两种构造系统及其成因解释.中国地质,31(1):15-22.
王世虎,夏斌,陈根文,姜在兴,肖尚斌,于俊峰.2004.济阳凹陷构造特征及形成机制讨论.大地构造与成矿学,28(4):428-434.
张升平,吕宝凤,夏斌,刘冠德.2007.东营凹陷新生代构造转型及其控油意义.大地构造与成矿学,31(3):281-287.
钟延秋,李勇,郭洪金,钟建华.2006.济阳坳陷古近系同沉积背斜构造及其与油气的关系.大地构造与成矿学,30(1):28-40.
周海民,董月霞,刘蕴华,夏文臣,熊宝贤,丛良滋.2005.断陷盆地油气勘探理论与实践——以渤海湾盆地南堡凹陷为例.北京:石油工业出版社,11-31.
Bretan P G,Nicol A,Walsh J J and Watterson J.1996.Originof some conjugate or"X"fault structures.The LeadingEdge,812-816.
Castagna J P.1995a.Intersecting faults,sealing faults,andother exploration issues.The Leading Edge,1187-1190.
Castagna J P.1995b.Problems,puzzles,and pitfalls:Explora-tion questions and answers.The Leading Edge,320.
Castagna J P.1996.Exploration questions and answers:The se-quel.The Leading Edge,43-45.
Ferrill D A,Morris A P,Stamatakos J A and Sims D W.2000.Crossing conjugate normal faults.AAPG Bulletin,84:1543-1559.
Horsfield W T.1980.Contemporaneous movement along cross-ing conjugate normal faults.Journal ofStructural Geology,2:305-310.
Maerten L,Willemse E J M,Pollard D D and Rawnsley K.1999.Slip distributions on intersecting normal faults.Jour-nal ofStructural Geology,21:259-271.
Morris A P,Ferrill D A and Henderson D B.1996.Slip tendencyanalysis and fault reactivation.Geology,24:275-278.
Nichol A,Walsh J J,Watterson J and Bretan P G.1995.Three-dimensional geometry and growth of conjugate normalfaults.Journal ofStructural Geology,17:847-862.
Payne S J,Zollweg J E and Rodgers D W.2004.Stress trigge-ring of conjugate normal faulting:Late aftershocks of the1983Ms7.3Borah Peak,Idaho Earthquake.Bulletin ofthe Seismological Society ofAmerica,94(3):828-844.
Walsh J J,Watterson J,Childs C and Nicol A.1996.Ductilestrain effects in the analysis of seismic interpretations ofnormal fault systems.Geological Society,London,SpecialPublications,99:27-40.
Watterson J,Nichol A,Walsh J J and Meier D.1998.Strainsat the intersections of synchronous conjugate normal faults.Journal ofStructural Geology,20:363-370.
Woods E P.1988.Extensional structures of the Jabiru Terrace,Vulcan Sub-basin.In:Purcell P G and Purcell R R(edi-tors).The North West Shelf,Australia.Proceedings of Pe-troleum Exploration Society Symposium,Perth,311-330.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心