混凝土超声波幅值衰减层析成像研究
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摘要
通过试验确定了首波幅值随传播角度变化在混凝土中的衰减规律 ,建立超声波在混凝土中的传播方程 ;阐述了超声波首波幅值衰减层析成像的原理和方法 ;对 2个内部模拟有砂浆块和空洞缺陷的C30素混凝土试件进行超声波测试 ,采集初至走时和首波幅值数据。试件的超声波速度结构在由速度反演确定后 ,通过编制的首波幅值衰减反演程序 ,获得层析面上吸收系数的分布图像。试验结果表明 :首波幅值衰减反演不但能正确反映试件内部的缺陷情况 ,而且比速度反演对缺陷区更敏感。
Computerized tomography of ultrasonic attenuation is one of effective methods to identify defects in concrete. Change of the first wave amplitude directly shows energy attenuation of ultrasonic. Firstly, a test is made to find the rule between amplitude of first wave and transmit angle when ultrasonic transmits in concrete and transmit equation of ultrasonic in concrete is founded. Secondly, the element and method of computerized tomography of attenuation are illuminated concisely. Finally, the ultrasonic test is made for two C30 pure concrete specimens with inner simulating defects of mortar and hole to get datum of first arriving traveling time and amplitude of first wave. When ultrasonic velocity structure of concrete specimens is decided from ultrasonic velocity inversion, distribution of absorbing coefficient is obtained by using author's program of ultrasonic attenuation inverse. Results of tests indicate that ultrasonic attenuation inverse of first wave amplitude is not only effective to reflect inner defects of concrete specimens but also more sensitive to defects compared with ultrasonic velocity inverse.
Computerized tomography of ultrasonic attenuation is one of effective methods to identify defects in concrete. Change of the first wave amplitude directly shows energy attenuation of ultrasonic. Firstly, a test is made to find the rule between amplitude of first wave and transmit angle when ultrasonic transmits in concrete and transmit equation of ultrasonic in concrete is founded. Secondly, the element and method of computerized tomography of attenuation are illuminated concisely. Finally, the ultrasonic test is made for two C30 pure concrete specimens with inner simulating defects of mortar and hole to get datum of first arriving traveling time and amplitude of first wave. When ultrasonic velocity structure of concrete specimens is decided from ultrasonic velocity inversion, distribution of absorbing coefficient is obtained by using author's program of ultrasonic attenuation inverse. Results of tests indicate that ultrasonic attenuation inverse of first wave amplitude is not only effective to reflect inner defects of concrete specimens but also more sensitive to defects compared with ultrasonic velocity inverse.
引文
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[3]王五平,罗骐先,宋人心,等.声波CT检测钻孔灌注桩内部质量[J].施工技术,2000,29(10):26-28.WANGWu ping,LUOQi xian,SONGRen xin,etal.TestinginnerqualityofpilefoundationwithultrasonicCTtechnology[J].ConstructionTechnology,2000,29(10):26-28.
[4]王 辉,常 旭,高 峰.井间地震波衰减成像的几种方法[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):104.WANGHui,CHANGXu,GAOFeng.Severalmethodsofcrosswellseismicattenuationtomography[J].ProgressinGeo physics,2001,16(1):104.
[5]BestAI,McCannC ,SothcottJ.Therelationshipsbetweenthevelocities,attenuation,andpetrophysicalpropertiesofreser voirsedimentrocks[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1994,42(1):151-178.
[6]陈立成.层析成像的数学方法与应用[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1994.CHENGLi cheng.Mathematicmethodandapplicationofcom puterizedtomography[M].Chengdu:SouthwestJiaotongUni versityPress,1994
[7]AsakawaE ,kanawaT .Seismicraytracingusinglineartravel timeInterpolation[J].GeophysicalProspecting,1993,41(1):99-111.
[8]黄 靓,黄政宇.线性插值射线追踪的改进方法[J].湘潭大学自然科学学报,2002,24(4):105-108.HUANGLiang,HUANGZheng yu.Animprovedmethodoflinearinterpolationraytracing[J].NaturalScienceJournalofXiangtanUniversity,2002,24(4):105-108.
[9]BerrymanJG .Fermat’sprincipleandnonlineartraveltimeto mography[J].PhysicalReviewLetter,1989,62(25):2953-2956.
[10]缪 仑.CT技术在混凝土超声探伤中的应用[D].长沙:湖南大学,2001.MIAOLun.TheapplicationofCTtechnologyinconcreteul trasonictest[D].Changsha:HunanUniversity,2001
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