罗坝街沟泥石流特征分析
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摘要
本文通过研究 193 3年、1983年、1984年和 1997年四次典型泥石流活动特征并收集相关资料 ,揭示了罗坝街沟泥石流活动的典型性和区域代表性。其主要特征为 :①在降雨、地震、等直接或间接因素作用下 ,泥石流的暴发同降雨的频率表现出不同步性 ;②谷风产生的大片类黄土堆积与滑坡体共同参与泥石流的形成 ;③历史上暴发的泥石流表现出高流速、大流量 ;④堆积扇形态表现为特殊的长条扭曲“葫芦状” ;⑤罗坝街沟泥石流在堆积区的运动表现为沟道的摆动性和输移的畅通性。这些鲜明特征使我们有必要对罗坝街沟泥石流作进一步研究
This article studied the main characters of debris f lo w in Luobajie gully Applying the debris flows of Luobajie gully in 1933,1983,1 984 and 1997 as study cases, we analyze the basin characters and the debris flo w basic nature It is found that the debris flow appears some special characters :①Frequency of debris flow in Luobajie gully is different from the frequency o f local precipitation because of the synthesized effects of the rainfall, earthq uake,etc;② Under the influence of the gully wind, there is filled with lots of wind accumulated deposit which triggers the form of debris flow with landslide s;③Reviewing the history of debris flow of Luobajie gully, all contain the cha racteristics of the high current velocity and big discharge;④The shape of debr is flow fan looks like distorted calabash;⑤The movement of the debris flow app ears the swing and smooth characters in the debris flow pan So, all the clear characteristic of debris flow in Luobajie gully is necessity to us to make furt her research
This article studied the main characters of debris f lo w in Luobajie gully Applying the debris flows of Luobajie gully in 1933,1983,1 984 and 1997 as study cases, we analyze the basin characters and the debris flo w basic nature It is found that the debris flow appears some special characters :①Frequency of debris flow in Luobajie gully is different from the frequency o f local precipitation because of the synthesized effects of the rainfall, earthq uake,etc;② Under the influence of the gully wind, there is filled with lots of wind accumulated deposit which triggers the form of debris flow with landslide s;③Reviewing the history of debris flow of Luobajie gully, all contain the cha racteristics of the high current velocity and big discharge;④The shape of debr is flow fan looks like distorted calabash;⑤The movement of the debris flow app ears the swing and smooth characters in the debris flow pan So, all the clear characteristic of debris flow in Luobajie gully is necessity to us to make furt her research
引文
[1]FranciscoL PerezMatrixgranulometryofcatastrophicdebrisflows(December1999)incentralcoastalVenezuelaCatena,2001,45:163～183
[2]TeijiWatanabe,LiuDali,TakayukiShiraiwaSlopedenudationandthesupplyofdebristoconesinLangtangHimal,CentralNepalHimalayaGeomorphology1998,26:185～197
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[9]BaoWeikai,WangCunming,DegradationmechanismofmountainecosystematthedryvalleyintheupperreachesoftheMinjingriverJournalofMountainScience,2000,18(1):57～62[包维楷,王春明.岷江上游山地生态系统的退化机制[J]山地学报,2000,18(1):57～62]
[10]WangJi kangTechniquesfordebrisflowscontrolChinaRailwayPress1996,61[王继康泥石流防治工程技术[M ]北京:中国铁道出版社,199661]
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[12]LewisA Owen,MilapC SharmaRatesandmagnitudesofparaglacialfanformationintheGarhwalHimalaya:implicationsforlandscapeevolutionGeomorphology,1998,26:171～184
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[14]LianZhi yong,LiuXia,XuYong nianTheinfluencetotheriverbedenvironmentofdebrisflowingressJournalofNaturalDisasters[梁志勇,刘 峡,徐永年,等泥石流入汇对泥石河流河床演变的影响[J]自然灾害学报,2001,10(1):45～50]
[2]TeijiWatanabe,LiuDali,TakayukiShiraiwaSlopedenudationandthesupplyofdebristoconesinLangtangHimal,CentralNepalHimalayaGeomorphology1998,26:185～197
[3]WuJishan,KangZhi cheng,TianLianquanDebrisflowsobservationandresearchinJiangjiagully,Dongchuan,YunnanProvinceSciencePress,199018～190[吴积善,康志成,田连权,等云南东川蒋家沟泥石流观测研究[M]北京:科学出版社,199018～190]
[4]XieHong,WeiFang qiang,LiYong,ChenXiao qing,CuiPengDebrisflowsrunningintoseaonnorthslopeofAvilaMountaininVenezuelain1999JournalofNaturalDisasters,200211(1):117～122[谢洪,韦方强,李泳,等1999年委内瑞拉阿维拉山北坡入海型泥石流[J]自然灾害学报,2002,11(1):117～122]
[5]WeiJinglian,ZhaoBo,DongGuizhiAnalysisontherainfallcharacteristicsandtherainfallforecastinconnectionwiththemudflowinmountainousterrainofBeijingGeologyofBeijing,1995,1:10～17[韦京莲,赵波,董桂芝北京山区泥石流降雪特征分析及降雨预报初探[J]北京地质,1995,(1):10～17]
[6]InstituteofMountainDisasters&EnvironmentofChineseAcadermyofScienuesandMinistryofWaterConserrancy.DebrisflowsinChina.Beijing:CommercialPress,2000.15～42.[中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所中国泥石流[M ],北京:商务印书馆,200015～42]
[7]ChenNingSheng.Cheningbo,etal.DifferentscaleDebrisFlowFrequencyforLimitedTriggeringEarthLuobajieDebrisFlowGullyascasstudy.In:ResearchsonMountainDisastersandEnvironmentprotectionacrossTaiwanstrait(volume3).Chengdu:SichuanScienceandTechnologyPress.[陈宁生,陈清波,等有限物源流域不同规模的泥石流频率分析[A]见:第三届海峡两岸山地灾害与环境保育研究(第三卷)[C],成都:四川科学技术出版社,20027]
[8]TangBang xing,liuSu qingTheresearchofdebrisflowanditscontrolinAbamunicipality,SichuanProvinceChengdu:SichuanScienceandTechnologyPress,1993:10[唐邦兴,柳素清四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州泥石流及其防治研究[M ]成都:成都科技大学出版社,199310]
[9]BaoWeikai,WangCunming,DegradationmechanismofmountainecosystematthedryvalleyintheupperreachesoftheMinjingriverJournalofMountainScience,2000,18(1):57～62[包维楷,王春明.岷江上游山地生态系统的退化机制[J]山地学报,2000,18(1):57～62]
[10]WangJi kangTechniquesfordebrisflowscontrolChinaRailwayPress1996,61[王继康泥石流防治工程技术[M ]北京:中国铁道出版社,199661]
[11]ZhangShu cheng,AnalysisofvelocityandresistanceofviscousdebrisflowIn:LandslideandDebrisFlowResearchMeeting,Guansu.Proceedingsofhe4thNationalSymposiumonDebrisFlowLanzhou:CulturePressofGuansu,1994.319～323[章书成粘性泥石流流速和阻力分析[A]见:甘肃省滑坡泥石流研究会第四届全国泥石流学术讨论会论文集[C]兰州:甘肃文化出版社1994,319～323]
[12]LewisA Owen,MilapC SharmaRatesandmagnitudesofparaglacialfanformationintheGarhwalHimalaya:implicationsforlandscapeevolutionGeomorphology,1998,26:171～184
[13]ChenDeming,WangZhaoyin,HeYunExperimentalstudyonthefluvialprocessofdebrisflowdischargingintoariverJournalofSedimentResearch,2002,(3):22～28[陈德明,王兆印,何耘泥石流入汇对河流影响的实验研究[J]泥沙研究,2002,(3):22～28]
[14]LianZhi yong,LiuXia,XuYong nianTheinfluencetotheriverbedenvironmentofdebrisflowingressJournalofNaturalDisasters[梁志勇,刘 峡,徐永年,等泥石流入汇对泥石河流河床演变的影响[J]自然灾害学报,2001,10(1):45～50]
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