汶川特大地震医学救援的经验教训与发展建议
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摘要
根据灾区调研和文献分析,总结"5.12"汶川地震医学救援的基本概况,提出了以下几条经验:震区内医疗力量起到支撑作用;分3个阶段区别处置重点;多学科协作救治;多种机制整合救援力量;军队救援力量发挥重要作用。另外,从救援过程暴露的问题中,应该认识到我国自然灾害医学救援水平的重点应该包括:健全国家灾害医学三级救援体系;完善灾害医学区域救援预案;在二级学科"外科学"下设置"创伤外科学与野战外科学";建立全国性的伤员转运体系和机制;建立国家创伤救治技术培训基地等。
The general experiences of medical support in Wenchuan earthquake have been summarized based on the investigation in the earthquake-hit areas and the analysis of correlated literature.The main experiences include: medical support by the local hospitals of earthquake-hit areas was essential;medical aid should be conducted in three echelons;multi-disciplinal coordination and cooperation in care of injuries;integration of rescue teams from other provinces or countries by different channels;and important role played by armed forces.There is room for improvement in the emergency rescue and medical service.The key points to improve the rescue level of natural disaster
The general experiences of medical support in Wenchuan earthquake have been summarized based on the investigation in the earthquake-hit areas and the analysis of correlated literature.The main experiences include: medical support by the local hospitals of earthquake-hit areas was essential;medical aid should be conducted in three echelons;multi-disciplinal coordination and cooperation in care of injuries;integration of rescue teams from other provinces or countries by different channels;and important role played by armed forces.There is room for improvement in the emergency rescue and medical service.The key points to improve the rescue level of natural disaster
引文
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[15]王正国.地震灾害的特点及其所致创伤的救治.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(6):401
[16]蒋建新,王正国,付小兵,等.汶川特大地震医疗救援经验与反思.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(8):578
[17]张雁灵.汶川特大地震医学救援行动及战略思考.解放军医学杂志,2009,34(1):1
[2]石应康,薛凡.抗震救灾中区域性国家级医院的战略支撑作用.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(7):485
[3]Bozkurt M,Ocguder A,Turktas U,et al.The evaluation of trauma patientsin Turkish Red Crescent Field Hospital followingthe Pakistanearthquakein 2005.Injury,2007,38(3):290
[4]游潮.汶川大地震中颅脑损伤的救治与反思.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(9):753
[5]Bhatti SH,AhmedI,Qureshi NA,et al.Headtrauma duetoearthquake October,2005-eaperience of 300 cases at the Combined Military Hospital Ra-walpindi.J Coll Physicians Surg Pak,2008,18(1):22
[6]顾建文,杨文涛,程敬民,等.汶川大地震颅脑损伤的时空特点及救治策略.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(9):760
[7]周继红,王正国,黄旭东,等.5.12地震汶川县伤员伤情特点与医疗卫勤组织.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(7):488
[8]Emami MJ,Tavakoli AR,Alemzadeh H,et al.Strategiesin evaluation and management of Bamearthquake victi ms.Prehosp Disaster Med,2005,20(5):327
[9]卢世璧.汶川地震伤员救治分级处理的重要性.解放军医学杂志,2008,33(8):919
[10]姚元章,张连阳,程晓斌,等.汶川地震德阳地区伤员医疗救治的分析与研究.创伤外科杂志,2008,10(5):393
[11]沈岳.地震灾害医疗救援中几个常见问题探讨.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(8):580
[12]Peek-Asa C,Kraus JF,Bourque LB,et al.Fatal and hospitalizedinjuries resultingfromthe 1994 Northridge earthquake.Int J Epidemiol,1998,27(3):459
[13]Gonzale D.Crush syndrome.Crit Care Med,2005,33(Suppl 1):S34
[14]罗飞,王序全,周强,等.汶川大地震中伤员阶梯救治原则探讨.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(8):583
[15]王正国.地震灾害的特点及其所致创伤的救治.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(6):401
[16]蒋建新,王正国,付小兵,等.汶川特大地震医疗救援经验与反思.中华创伤杂志,2008,24(8):578
[17]张雁灵.汶川特大地震医学救援行动及战略思考.解放军医学杂志,2009,34(1):1
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