琼北地区北西方向长流-仙沟断裂带晚第四纪活动及与火山活动关系的讨论
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摘要
琼北地区的火山活动以裂隙喷溢为主,晚更新世道堂期的射气岩浆喷发形成了众多的低平火山口,全新世雷虎岭期火山口主要分布于石山、永兴一带,沿NW向长流-仙沟断裂带分布。近2年在石山一带的射气岩浆喷发物中揭露出多条大规模的断裂,这些断裂带的单个断面虽然类似于地震活断层,但它们缺少断错地貌和断层方向的稳定性,一些断层组合成弧形。尽管这些断裂断面清晰,断距达4m,仍被认为是伴随火山喷发活动后期塌陷而形成的次级断层。此外,位于非火山岩分布区跨长流-仙沟断裂带的钻孔联合剖面探测表明,该断裂带在晚更新世晚期以来不活动。长流-仙沟断裂带晚更新世晚期以来的活动主要表现在作为深部岩浆的上涌通道。
The volcanic eruption in North Hainan Island was mainly in the pattern of fissure eruption, until in the Late-Pleistocene Epoch many maars were caused by phreatomagmatic eruptions in the Daotang Group. The Holocene volcanic activity of the Leihuling Group are distributed mainly along the Changliu-Xiangou fault zone in the Shishan-Yongxing area Many large-scale faults are found in the base-surge deposits which are created by phreatomagmatic eruptions in Shishan area. Although the single profile of the fault zones seems to be earthquake active fault, they are in lack of the characteristics of dislocated geomorphology and the stability of fault trends. Some of fault trends show the characteristics of arc distribution, which are considered as the secondary faults caused by the volcanic rock collapse after eruption. The combined profile by borehole detection which lies in the region of non-volcanic area shows that the Changliu-Xiangou fault has not been active since the later period of Late-Pleistocene. The activity of Changliu-Xiangou fault zone are mainly in form of the magma channel since the later period of Late-Pleistocene.
The volcanic eruption in North Hainan Island was mainly in the pattern of fissure eruption, until in the Late-Pleistocene Epoch many maars were caused by phreatomagmatic eruptions in the Daotang Group. The Holocene volcanic activity of the Leihuling Group are distributed mainly along the Changliu-Xiangou fault zone in the Shishan-Yongxing area Many large-scale faults are found in the base-surge deposits which are created by phreatomagmatic eruptions in Shishan area. Although the single profile of the fault zones seems to be earthquake active fault, they are in lack of the characteristics of dislocated geomorphology and the stability of fault trends. Some of fault trends show the characteristics of arc distribution, which are considered as the secondary faults caused by the volcanic rock collapse after eruption. The combined profile by borehole detection which lies in the region of non-volcanic area shows that the Changliu-Xiangou fault has not been active since the later period of Late-Pleistocene. The activity of Changliu-Xiangou fault zone are mainly in form of the magma channel since the later period of Late-Pleistocene.
引文
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汪啸风,马大铨,蒋大海,1991.海南岛地质(三)构造地质.北京:地质出版社,1—138.
汪一鹏,1997.第四纪火山区活动构造的识别和地震危险性评价.华南地震,17(4):19—25.
杨美娥,李玶,窦毅强,1988.琼北地区第四纪火山活动与断裂活动关系的探讨.见:丁原章等编,海南岛北部地震研究文集.北京:地震出版社,63—71.
鄢家全,贾素娟,1996.我国东北和华北地区中强地震潜在震源区的划分原则和方法.中国地震,12(2):173—194.
张仲英,刘瑞华,1989.海南岛第四纪火山岩的分期.地质科学,1期:67—76.
丁国瑜,陈明杨,高维民等,1964.海南岛第四纪地质几个问题.第四纪地质,207—233.
樊祺诚,孙谦,李霓等,2004.琼北火山活动分期与全新世岩浆演化.岩石学报,20(3):533—544.
黄镇国,蔡福祥,韩中元等,1993.雷琼第四纪火山.北京:科学出版社,1—281.
韩中元,1987.海南岛北部地貌.热带地理,7(1):43—53.
李玶,杨美娥,刘行松等,1988.琼北地区活动性断裂的研究.见:丁原章等编,海南岛北部地震研究文集.北京:地震出版社,41—52.
彭承光,张福来,王亚新等,1989.广东、海南省地震构造.见:国家地震局《中国岩石圈动力学图集》编委会编,中国岩石圈动力学图集.北京:中国地图出版社,46.
孙嘉诗,1991.南海北部及广东沿海新生代火山活动.海洋地质与第四纪地质,11(3):45—66.
孙建中,樊祺诚,陈文寄,1988.琼北地区第四纪火山活动的研究.见:丁原章等编,海南岛北部地震研究文集.北京:地震出版社,17—25.
孙谦,2003a.琼北第四纪火山活动与岩浆演化.中国地震局地质研究所博士学位论文,1—80.
孙谦,樊祺诚,魏海泉等,2003b.琼北地区晚更新世射气岩浆喷发初步研究.地震地质,25(2):289—297.
汪啸风,马大铨,蒋大海,1991.海南岛地质(三)构造地质.北京:地质出版社,1—138.
汪一鹏,1997.第四纪火山区活动构造的识别和地震危险性评价.华南地震,17(4):19—25.
杨美娥,李玶,窦毅强,1988.琼北地区第四纪火山活动与断裂活动关系的探讨.见:丁原章等编,海南岛北部地震研究文集.北京:地震出版社,63—71.
鄢家全,贾素娟,1996.我国东北和华北地区中强地震潜在震源区的划分原则和方法.中国地震,12(2):173—194.
张仲英,刘瑞华,1989.海南岛第四纪火山岩的分期.地质科学,1期:67—76.
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