四川盆地震旦系-下古生界沥青产烃潜力及分布特征
摘要
从分类、成因、分布、生烃能力及主生气期等方面对四川盆地震旦系—下古生界的沥青进行了系统分析。主要分布在泥页岩中的原生—同层沥青和在碳酸盐岩储集层中的后生—储层沥青,按全岩光片形态及光性特征可分为5种类型。在层系上以灯影组沥青含量较丰富,在区带上以乐山—龙女寺古隆起分布多,从坳陷带(0.41%)、斜坡带(0.93%～1.13%)、隆起部(2.4%～5.41%)沥青含量逐渐升高;沥青在古风化面含量最高,向下沥青含量相对降低。震旦系灯影组沥青形成于中侏罗世,主生气在早白垩世,晚于干酪根,生烃能力强力,可形成中型气田规模。
This paper systematically studies the sort, origin, distribution, capability of hydrocarbon-generating, and main gas-generating times of the bitumen of Sinian-Lower Paleozoic in Sichuan basin. Based on the whole rock polished surfaces configuration and optical characteristic, the bitumen is sorted five types. It has two origin kinds, one is original-in the bed bitumen which mostly distributed in the dark mudstone, fine sandy mudstone, the other is secondary-reservoir bitumen which mostly distributed in the carbonate reservoir rock. Bitumen distributed widely in Dengying formation, its content is higher, from depression (where account for 0.41%) to slope (0.93%～1.13%) and to uplift (2.4%～5.41%), which means higher content in Leshang-Longnusi Paleo-uplift. The Bitumen has high content in weathering zone and become less far from the zone. The Bitumen of Dengying formation of Sinian forms in middle Jurassic, its the main gas-generating time is early Cretaceous which is later than koregen. The Bitumen has strong capability of hydrocarbon-generating which can accumulate to middle gas field.
This paper systematically studies the sort, origin, distribution, capability of hydrocarbon-generating, and main gas-generating times of the bitumen of Sinian-Lower Paleozoic in Sichuan basin. Based on the whole rock polished surfaces configuration and optical characteristic, the bitumen is sorted five types. It has two origin kinds, one is original-in the bed bitumen which mostly distributed in the dark mudstone, fine sandy mudstone, the other is secondary-reservoir bitumen which mostly distributed in the carbonate reservoir rock. Bitumen distributed widely in Dengying formation, its content is higher, from depression (where account for 0.41%) to slope (0.93%～1.13%) and to uplift (2.4%～5.41%), which means higher content in Leshang-Longnusi Paleo-uplift. The Bitumen has high content in weathering zone and become less far from the zone. The Bitumen of Dengying formation of Sinian forms in middle Jurassic, its the main gas-generating time is early Cretaceous which is later than koregen. The Bitumen has strong capability of hydrocarbon-generating which can accumulate to middle gas field.
引文
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2 刘德汉,周中毅,贾蓉芬等.碳酸盐生油岩中沥青变质程度和沥青热变质实验[J].地球化学,1982,42(3):237～243
3 RogersMA,McalaryJD,BaileyJL.Significanceofreservoir bitumenstothermal maturationstudies,westernCanadabasin[J].AAPGBull,1974,58(9):1806～1824
4 JacobH.Classification,structure,genesisandpracticalimpor tanceofnaturalsolidbitumen(migrabitumen)[J].International JournalofCoalGeology,1989,11:65～79
5 HoggAJC,HamiltonPJ,MacintyreRM.Mappingdiagenetic fluidflowwithinareservoir:K-ArdatingintheAlwynarea(UKNorthSea)[J].MarineandPetroleumGeology,1993,10:279～294
6 YenTF.Inbitumen,AsphaltsandTarSands[J].Elsevir,1978,13(2):1～15
7 吴 征.鄂尔多斯盆地下奥陶统原生-同层沥青分析[J].天然气工业,1999,19(6):14～17
8 程克明.碳酸盐岩油气生成理论与实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.78～92
9 林 峰,王廷栋.四川盆地碳酸盐岩储层中固体运移沥青的性质和成因[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,1998,17(3):174～178
10 王建宝,郭汝泰,肖贤明等.塔里木盆地轮南低隆起早古生代油气藏形成的期次与时间研究[J].沉积学报,2002,20(2):320～325
11 金 强.微量元素组成在固体沥青-源岩对比中的应用[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(3):285～290
12 肖贤明,刘德汉,傅家漠.沥青反射率作为烃源岩成熟度指标的意义[J].沉积学报,1991,9(增刊):138～146
13 肖贤明,刘德汉,傅家漠等.应用沥青反射率推算油气生成与运移的地质时间[J].科学通报,2000,45(19):2123～2127
14 徐世琦.加里东古隆起震旦—寒武系成藏条件[J].天然气工业,1999,19(6):7～10
15 李国辉,李 翔,杨西南.四川盆地加里东古隆起震旦系气藏成藏控制因素[J].石油与天然气地质,2000,21(1):80～83
16 邓 涛.四川盆地加里东隆起的构造机制和成藏模式[J].石油实验地质,1996,18(4):354～358
17 丰国秀,陈盛吉.岩石中沥青反射率与镜质组反射率之间的关系[J].天然气工业,1988,8(2):20～25
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