放炮震动诱发煤矿巷道动力失稳机理分析
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摘要
发展了J.Litwiniszyn关于震动波诱发巷道动力失稳理论,分析了炮采震动诱发煤层巷道稳定性的影响,从理论上解释了放炮震动诱发冲击地压的根本原因。结合赵各庄矿实际生产情况,利用有限差分软件FLAC2D,对比分析了无支护和两种不同柔性支护条件下,巷道受放炮震动影响后的变形破坏情况。研究表明:放炮震动不仅增加了巷道围岩荷载,同时震动波的传播在围岩内产生了裂纹并在煤层和顶底板间诱发摩擦滑动,从而降低了围岩体的承载能力;柔性支护能有效吸收放炮震动的能量,降低巷道变形量;炮采影响下的防冲柔性支护,“U”型钢可缩支架略优于锚网支护。
Based on the model for the initiation of coal-gas outbursts developed by J.Litwiniszyn,this paper briefly describes the mining conditions that lead to the coal bumps and a study of the impact on roadway stability caused by dynamic loading of blasting tremor in Zhaogezhuang Coal Mine.A mechanical model is described to analyze the mechanism of coal bumps induced by blasting tremor in deep mining.The FLAC2D is used to analyze the tremor impact on deep excavations and responses of different kinds of support systems in Zhaogezhuang Mine.The material properties are determined by examinations carried out in the mine.The study indicates that the blasting tremor can not only cause the stress redistribution,but also induce decreasing of frictional force between the coal seam and surrounding rock.The results of numerical simulations show that the behavior of the rock mass-support system under the dynamic load and confirm the possible damages to the excavation.The U-shaped steel yielding support system is proved to be efficient to offer superior protection in bursting region to the bolt and net system.
Based on the model for the initiation of coal-gas outbursts developed by J.Litwiniszyn,this paper briefly describes the mining conditions that lead to the coal bumps and a study of the impact on roadway stability caused by dynamic loading of blasting tremor in Zhaogezhuang Coal Mine.A mechanical model is described to analyze the mechanism of coal bumps induced by blasting tremor in deep mining.The FLAC2D is used to analyze the tremor impact on deep excavations and responses of different kinds of support systems in Zhaogezhuang Mine.The material properties are determined by examinations carried out in the mine.The study indicates that the blasting tremor can not only cause the stress redistribution,but also induce decreasing of frictional force between the coal seam and surrounding rock.The results of numerical simulations show that the behavior of the rock mass-support system under the dynamic load and confirm the possible damages to the excavation.The U-shaped steel yielding support system is proved to be efficient to offer superior protection in bursting region to the bolt and net system.
引文
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[6]许增会,宋宏伟,赵坚.地震对隧道稳定性影响的数值模拟分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(1):41–44.(Xu Zenghui,Song Hongwei,Zhao Jian.Numerical analysis of stability of tunnel surrounding rocks under earthquake[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2004,33(1):41–44.(in Chinese))
[7]郑际汪,陈里真.爆破荷载作用下隧道围岩稳定性分析[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2004,(4):53–55.(Zheng Jiwang,Chen Lizhen.Stability analysis of surrounding rock of excavation under the blasting load[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,2004,(4):53–55.(in Chinese))
[8]陶连金,张倬元,傅小敏.在地震荷载作用下的节理岩体地下洞室围岩稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1998,9(1):32–40.(Tao Lianjin,Zhang Zhuoyuan,Fu Xiaomin.Stability analysis of surrounding rock mass of underground excavation rock mass under seismic load[J].Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,1998,9(1):32–40.(in Chinese))
[9]薛亚东,张世平,康天合.回采巷道锚杆动载响应的数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1 903–1 906.(Xue Yadong,Zhang Shiping,Kang Tianhe.Numerical analysis of dynamic response of rock bolts in mining roadways[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1 903–1 906.(in Chinese))
[10]Litwiniszyn J.A model for the initiation of coal-gas outbursts[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci&Geomech.Abstr.,1985,20(1):39–46.
[11]Ujihira M,Hihuchi K,Nabeya N.Scale model studies and theoretical considerations on the mechanism of coal and gas outbursts[A].In:Proc.the 21st Int.Conf.of Safety in Mines Research Institute[C].Sydney:[s.n.],1985.21–25,121–127.
[12]Bodziony J,Nelicki A,Topolnicki J.Results of laboratory investigations of gas and coal outbursts[J].Arch.Min.Sci.,1989,34:581–591.
[13]Br?uner G.矿山压力和冲击地压[M].李玉生译.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1985.1–17,45–53.(Br?uner G.Ground Pressure and Coal Bumps[M].Translated by Li Yusheng.Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1985.1–17,45–53.(in Chinese))
[14]李华晔.地下洞室围岩稳定性分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.69–88.(Li Huaye.Stability Analysis of Underground Opening[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1999.69–88.(in Chinese))
[2]赵本均,腾学军.冲击地压及其防治[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,1995.1–56,216–304.(Zhao Benjun,Teng Xuejun.Coal Bumps and Its Control[M].Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1995.1–56,216–304.(in Chinese))
[3]煤炭部矿山压力科技情报中心站.冲击地压机理研究与防治经验文集[R].北京:煤炭部矿山压力科技情报中心站,1985.(Institute of Ground Pressure and Coal Bumps.Mechanism and control of coal bumps[R].Beijing:Institute of Ground Pressure and Coal Bumps,1985.(in Chinese))
[4]刘占春,宋恩春.开滦赵各庄矿深部地压特征、防治对策与十四水平可采性研究[R].开滦:开滦矿务局.1996.(Liu Zhanchun,Song Enchun.Investigation of the characters of geology and control of hazards in deep mining[R].Kailuan:Kailuan Mining Group,1996.(in Chinese))
[5]李希勇,张修峰.典型深部重大冲击地压事故原因分析及防治对策[J].煤炭科学技术,2003,31(2):15–17.(Li Xiyong,Zhang Xiufeng.Accident cause analysis and prevention measures of typical deep mine heavy pressure bump[J].Coal Science and Technology,2003,31(2):15–17.(in Chinese))
[6]许增会,宋宏伟,赵坚.地震对隧道稳定性影响的数值模拟分析[J].中国矿业大学学报,2004,33(1):41–44.(Xu Zenghui,Song Hongwei,Zhao Jian.Numerical analysis of stability of tunnel surrounding rocks under earthquake[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2004,33(1):41–44.(in Chinese))
[7]郑际汪,陈里真.爆破荷载作用下隧道围岩稳定性分析[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,2004,(4):53–55.(Zheng Jiwang,Chen Lizhen.Stability analysis of surrounding rock of excavation under the blasting load[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,2004,(4):53–55.(in Chinese))
[8]陶连金,张倬元,傅小敏.在地震荷载作用下的节理岩体地下洞室围岩稳定性分析[J].中国地质灾害与防治学报,1998,9(1):32–40.(Tao Lianjin,Zhang Zhuoyuan,Fu Xiaomin.Stability analysis of surrounding rock mass of underground excavation rock mass under seismic load[J].Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control,1998,9(1):32–40.(in Chinese))
[9]薛亚东,张世平,康天合.回采巷道锚杆动载响应的数值分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2003,22(11):1 903–1 906.(Xue Yadong,Zhang Shiping,Kang Tianhe.Numerical analysis of dynamic response of rock bolts in mining roadways[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2003,22(11):1 903–1 906.(in Chinese))
[10]Litwiniszyn J.A model for the initiation of coal-gas outbursts[J].Int.J.Rock Mech.Min.Sci&Geomech.Abstr.,1985,20(1):39–46.
[11]Ujihira M,Hihuchi K,Nabeya N.Scale model studies and theoretical considerations on the mechanism of coal and gas outbursts[A].In:Proc.the 21st Int.Conf.of Safety in Mines Research Institute[C].Sydney:[s.n.],1985.21–25,121–127.
[12]Bodziony J,Nelicki A,Topolnicki J.Results of laboratory investigations of gas and coal outbursts[J].Arch.Min.Sci.,1989,34:581–591.
[13]Br?uner G.矿山压力和冲击地压[M].李玉生译.北京:煤炭工业出版社,1985.1–17,45–53.(Br?uner G.Ground Pressure and Coal Bumps[M].Translated by Li Yusheng.Beijing:China Coal Industry Publishing House,1985.1–17,45–53.(in Chinese))
[14]李华晔.地下洞室围岩稳定性分析[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1999.69–88.(Li Huaye.Stability Analysis of Underground Opening[M].Beijing:China Water Power Press,1999.69–88.(in Chinese))
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