粉土和粉砂的动力特性试验研究
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摘要
用共振柱仪和加装了弯曲元的动三轴仪研究了饱和粉土和粉砂的动力特性 .分析了粉土和粉砂的动力变形特性 ,与 Seed- Idriss给出的建议曲线进行了对比 ,并探讨了天然土体与室内试样之间剪切波速存在差异的原因 .采用预振方法控制重塑土样的剪切波速 ,使之与现场一致 ,在此基础上进行了液化试验 .并通过对比传统重塑样的试验结果 ,初步探讨分析了预振后孔压的增长规律
Dynamic properties of saturated silts and silty sands were studied with the resonant column and dynamic triaxial apparatus which were developed by bender element. From the test results,the curves of normalized shear modulus and damping ratio vs. shearstrain were obtained forcomparison with those sug- gested by Seed and Idriss.The difference between shear wave velocities obtained in- situ and those obtained with resonant column testing are discussed.Based on the new instrumentation systems,undrained cyclic strain- controlled tests were conducted to analyze the liquefaction potential of siltand silty sand specimens whose elastic shear moduliwere controlled by prestraining.The growth of pore water pressure both in the specimens subjected to prestraining and those prepared in traditional method are described and the differ- ence of the growing rules shows the great effect of prestraining.
Dynamic properties of saturated silts and silty sands were studied with the resonant column and dynamic triaxial apparatus which were developed by bender element. From the test results,the curves of normalized shear modulus and damping ratio vs. shearstrain were obtained forcomparison with those sug- gested by Seed and Idriss.The difference between shear wave velocities obtained in- situ and those obtained with resonant column testing are discussed.Based on the new instrumentation systems,undrained cyclic strain- controlled tests were conducted to analyze the liquefaction potential of siltand silty sand specimens whose elastic shear moduliwere controlled by prestraining.The growth of pore water pressure both in the specimens subjected to prestraining and those prepared in traditional method are described and the differ- ence of the growing rules shows the great effect of prestraining.
引文
[1]刘小生,赵 冬,汪闻韶:原状结构性对饱和砂土动力变形特性影响试验研究[J].水利学报,1993,2:32-42.L IU Xiao- sheng,ZHZO Dong,WANG Wen- shao.Ef-fects of in- situ fabric on the dynam ic deform ation behav-ior of saturated sand[J].Journal ofHydraulicEngi-neering,1993,2:32-42.
[2]张诚厚,袁文明,戴济群.软粘土的结构性及其对路基沉降的影响[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(5):25-32.ZHANG Cheng- hou,YUAN Wen- ming,DAI Ji- qun.The structure of soft clay and its effecton settlem entoffoundation[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineering,1995,17(5):25-32.
[3]龚晓南,熊传祥,项可祥,等.粘土结构性对其力学性质的影响及形成原因分析[J].水利学报,2000,10:43-47.GONG Xiao- nan,XIONG Chuan- xiang,XIANG Ke- xi-ang,etal.The form ation of clay structure and its influ-ence on m echanical characteristics of clay[J]Journal ofHydraulicEngineering,2000,10:43-47.
[4]谢定义,齐吉琳.土结构性及其定量化参数研究的新途径[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(6):651-656.XIE Ding- yi,QI Ji- ling.Soil structure characteristicsand new approach in research on its quantitative param-eter[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineering,1999,21(6):651-656.
[5]蒋明镜,沈珠江.结构性粘土试样人工制备方法研究[J].水利学报,1997,1:56-61.JJANG Ming- jing,SHEN Zhu- jiang.A method of arti-ficial preparation of structured clay sam ples[J].Jour-nal ofHydraulicEngineering,1997,1:56-61.
[6]黄 博,殷建华,陈云敏,等.压电陶瓷弯曲元法测试土样弹性剪切模量[J].振动工程学报,2001,2:155-160.HUANG Bo,YIN Jian- hua,CHEN Yun- m in,et al.Measurem ents of elastic shear modulusGm ax usingpiezoceram ic bender elements[J].ChineseJournal ofVibrationEngineering,2001,2:155-160.
[7]黄 博,陈云敏,殷建华,等.控制试样剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682-685.HUANG Bo,CHEN Yun- m in,YIN Jian- hua,et al.Cyclic triaxial tests with controlled elastic shear m odu-lus of specim en[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineer-ing,2000,22(6):682-685.
[8]SEED H B,IDRISS I M.Soil moduli and dam ping fac-tors for dynam ic response analyses[R],Calif:U.C.Berkeley,Calif.1970.
[9]TOKIMATSU K,HOSAKA Y.Effects of sam ple dis-turbance on dynamic properties of sand[J].Soils andFoundations,1986,26(1):53-64.
[10]刘 颖,谢君斐.砂土震动液化[M].北京:地震出版社,1984.L IU Yin,XIE Jun- fei.L iquefaction of sand[M].Bei-jing:SeismicPublication,1984.
[11]DOBRY R,POWEL L D J,YOKEL F Y ,et al.L iq-uefaction potential of saturated sand—The stiffnessm ethod[A ],Mult.Proc.7thWorldConference onEarthquakeEngineering[C].Detroit:ASCE,1980.25-32.
[12]石兆吉,郁寿松,丰万玲.土壤液化势的剪切波速判别法[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(1):74-80.SHI Zhao- ji,YU Shou- song,FENG Wan- ling.Evalu-ation of soil liquefaction potential with shear wave ve-locity m ethod[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineer-ing,1993,15(1):74-80.
[2]张诚厚,袁文明,戴济群.软粘土的结构性及其对路基沉降的影响[J].岩土工程学报,1995,17(5):25-32.ZHANG Cheng- hou,YUAN Wen- ming,DAI Ji- qun.The structure of soft clay and its effecton settlem entoffoundation[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineering,1995,17(5):25-32.
[3]龚晓南,熊传祥,项可祥,等.粘土结构性对其力学性质的影响及形成原因分析[J].水利学报,2000,10:43-47.GONG Xiao- nan,XIONG Chuan- xiang,XIANG Ke- xi-ang,etal.The form ation of clay structure and its influ-ence on m echanical characteristics of clay[J]Journal ofHydraulicEngineering,2000,10:43-47.
[4]谢定义,齐吉琳.土结构性及其定量化参数研究的新途径[J].岩土工程学报,1999,21(6):651-656.XIE Ding- yi,QI Ji- ling.Soil structure characteristicsand new approach in research on its quantitative param-eter[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineering,1999,21(6):651-656.
[5]蒋明镜,沈珠江.结构性粘土试样人工制备方法研究[J].水利学报,1997,1:56-61.JJANG Ming- jing,SHEN Zhu- jiang.A method of arti-ficial preparation of structured clay sam ples[J].Jour-nal ofHydraulicEngineering,1997,1:56-61.
[6]黄 博,殷建华,陈云敏,等.压电陶瓷弯曲元法测试土样弹性剪切模量[J].振动工程学报,2001,2:155-160.HUANG Bo,YIN Jian- hua,CHEN Yun- m in,et al.Measurem ents of elastic shear modulusGm ax usingpiezoceram ic bender elements[J].ChineseJournal ofVibrationEngineering,2001,2:155-160.
[7]黄 博,陈云敏,殷建华,等.控制试样剪切模量的动三轴液化试验[J].岩土工程学报,2000,22(6):682-685.HUANG Bo,CHEN Yun- m in,YIN Jian- hua,et al.Cyclic triaxial tests with controlled elastic shear m odu-lus of specim en[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineer-ing,2000,22(6):682-685.
[8]SEED H B,IDRISS I M.Soil moduli and dam ping fac-tors for dynam ic response analyses[R],Calif:U.C.Berkeley,Calif.1970.
[9]TOKIMATSU K,HOSAKA Y.Effects of sam ple dis-turbance on dynamic properties of sand[J].Soils andFoundations,1986,26(1):53-64.
[10]刘 颖,谢君斐.砂土震动液化[M].北京:地震出版社,1984.L IU Yin,XIE Jun- fei.L iquefaction of sand[M].Bei-jing:SeismicPublication,1984.
[11]DOBRY R,POWEL L D J,YOKEL F Y ,et al.L iq-uefaction potential of saturated sand—The stiffnessm ethod[A ],Mult.Proc.7thWorldConference onEarthquakeEngineering[C].Detroit:ASCE,1980.25-32.
[12]石兆吉,郁寿松,丰万玲.土壤液化势的剪切波速判别法[J].岩土工程学报,1993,15(1):74-80.SHI Zhao- ji,YU Shou- song,FENG Wan- ling.Evalu-ation of soil liquefaction potential with shear wave ve-locity m ethod[J].Journal ofGeotechnicalEngineer-ing,1993,15(1):74-80.
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